I-Balsam Waller - ekhula futhi inakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

U-Balsam Waller (Waller) (Impatiens walleriana), owaziwa nangokuthi "impatiens" - isitshalo esimnandi somndeni webhalsamu, enamaqabunga abanzi alandelanayo a-serated aluhlaza obumnyama noma umbala obomvu, acishe abe ngu-60 cm.

Izwe lasebhalsamu liyizindawo ezishisayo zase-Afrika nase-Asia; kusukela ngo-1596 selisakazekele eYurophu naseMelika. Izimbali zaso, ezilula noma eziphindwe kabili, zitholakala zodwa, zinephalethi eliqhakazile lazo zonke izinhlobo zemithunzi, ngaphandle kokuphuzi nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwakheka isithelo esakhiwe ngebhokisi kulesi simila, esivula kalula, sikhulule inqwaba yembewu encane.

I-impatiens iyi-perennial enamanani aphezulu okukhula, iqhakaza iningi lonyaka. Lapho isakazeka kakade ngenyanga yesithathu ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, ibhalsamu linikeza ukuqhakaza kokuqala.

Futhi qiniseka ukubona ukuthi ikhula kanjani i-aptenia ekhaya.

Ukunakekela ibhalsamu ekhaya. Kafushane

Ibhalsamu ekhaya ilula futhi ayifuneki imbali yokunakekela. Imithetho eyisisekelo yokuqukethwe kwama-balsamu:

Ibhalsamu: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Izimbali zebhalsamu

Ezimweni ezivumayo, ukuqhakaza kwebhalsamu kuyaqhubeka cishe unyaka wonke, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya kuZibandlela. Izimbali zaso ezinobubanzi obungu-4 kuya ku-6 cm, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, zingahlala zodwa, zinama-spurs, zigeleza kancane, ngesimo se-axillary inflorescence, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala kuma-pedicels amade. Iphalethi elinombala ocebile wesitshalo likuvumela ukuthi ulisebenzise njengomhlobiso wokuhlobisa amakamelo, amabhalishi, amathala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhalsamu livame ukutshalwa esakhiweni njengengadi ngonyaka.

Ngaphambi kokuna noma ngemuva kokunisela kakhulu, amaqabunga ebhalsamu anika amaconsi asobala wejusi, okuthi, lapho omile, aguqulwe abe amakristalu kashukela. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lokhu kuvikela impova yesitshalo ezintuthwaneni.

Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zama-balsamu zibukeka zinhle ngokulengiswa ezimbizeni zezimbali nezimbali zezimbali.

Imodi yokushisa

Ibhalsamu elenziwe ekhaya lizizwa likhululekile kakhulu ezimweni ezifudumele ezilinganiselwe - ngaphandle kokubhaliwe, amazinga okushisa ashisayo nomoya owomile. Ehlobo, kuyinto enhle ngaye ukuba abe kuma-loggias akhanyiswe yilanga namakholoni, ebusika kungcono ukubeka egumbini elikhanyayo ngokulingana elinomqondo wokushisa we-15-18 ºС.

Ukufafaza

Isitshalo se-balsamic ekhaya sithanda umswakama ophezulu futhi kungenzeka ukusinikeza ngamahlobo ashisayo kuphela ngosizo lokufafaza njalo kwesitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi athambile, axazululiwe, afafaza umswakama emhlabathini namaqabunga, uvikele ukuxhumana nezimbali.

Isibani

Lesi sitshalo esinenqwaba yezithombe, kepha kufanele sivikelwe elangeni elihangulayo. Amafasitela aseMpumalanga, izindawo ezinelanga elithambile zilungile. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuhlelwe okungenani amahora ayi-14 ngosuku kusetshenziswa izibani ezikhethekile.

Ngokuqala kwesikhathi sokuphumula, ukukhanya kufanele kuncishiswe.

Ukunisela ibhalsamu

Nisela imbali ngokufanayo nalokho okudingekayo ukuze kunyanise umhlabathi ngokuphelele. Uma sivumela ukomiswa kwekhoma lobumba ngohlelo lwempande - ibhalsamu lehla izihluma, imiphetho yamaqabunga yomile. Ebusika, inani lamanzi kufanele lehliswe, kepha nokho lingavumeli inhlabathi ukuba yome.

Ngokunisela, kuthambisa namanzi emvula noma ancibilikayo, kusetshenziswa ukufudumala ngenhla nje kwegumbi lokushisa.

Ibhodamu lebhalsamu

Ukuze kube nezimbali eziningi zebhalsamu ezijwayelekile, zibekwa ebhodweni lezimbali eliphakathi nendawo, ngisho nelincane. Njengomthetho, lesi yisitsha esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-17, okuzovumela imbali ukuthi iqondise amandla ngokuqondile ekwakhiweni kwamahlamvu, hhayi ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lwezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhodwe amakhulu kakhulu abangela ukubola ezimpandeni ngenxa yokuqina kwenhlabathi.

Inhlabathi

Amabhalsamu ekhaya asinda ngokuphelele enhlabathini yonke, kepha inhlabathi enobuthi obuncane yokwakhiwa okulandelayo nayo iyasetshenziswa:

• umhlaba wefudu (1 ingxenye)
• isihlabathi noma isiziba (ingxenye eyi-1)
• inhlabathi yamaqabunga (izingxenye ezi-3)

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lomhlabathi, ungqimba lwamanzi ahlanganisa amalahle noma ubumba olwandisiwe luyadingeka.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Umanyolo wamanyolo wezimbiwa we-phosphorus-potassium uzosebenza kuma-balsamu, ozosekela isitshalo ngenkathi yokukhula, uqinisekise ukukhula okuqhakaza nezimbali. Izindlela ezinjalo zondliwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10, ngokunisela noma ukufafaza. I-impatiens ayikubekezeleli okufakiwe kwe-organic.

Futhi, ungafaki umquba imbali ngesikhathi sokudumba noma ngesikhathi sokugula.

Ukufakelwa

Ukufakwa kwebhalsamu kwenziwa njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo ezitsheni ezincane zosayizi ojwayelekile. Indlela ye-transshipment ivame ukusetshenziswa, lapho ihlathi lembali lisuswa ngobunono ebhodweni ngaphandle kokuzamazama komhlaba ezimpandeni, bese libekwa esitsheni esisha, kulandele ukugcwalisa izikhala ezakhiwe ngomhlabathi omusha.

Umsuka wempande yesitshalo awumbozwa ngumhlabathi. Ngemuva kokunisela, ibhalsamu elisanda kutshalwa lifakwa emthunzini bese liyiswa endaweni yalo evamile ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, ibhalsamu alikwazi ukuthungwa, ngaphandle kwalokho lizokwehla ama-buds akhona, selimile ekukhuleni.

Ungalihlanza kanjani ibhalsamu?

Ukunakekela ibhalsamu ekhaya kuhlanganisa nokunquma amahlumela wesitshalo, owenziwa ngasikhathi sinye kanye nokufakelwa. Lokhu akudingeki nje kuphela ukwakha ukwakheka kwe-spherical, kodwa futhi nokwenza kabusha isitshalo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwazo nokuqhakaza.

Ngaphezu kokuthena, amahlumela angenalutho ahlala ecwebezelwa njalo, okushiya ama-buds amathathu egatsheni. Izithombo ezisikiwe zingafakwa emanzini ukuze zibambe.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Isikhathi sokuphumula e-balsamu kwesinye isikhathi siyaphoqwa. Ezindaweni ezinelanga ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, lesi sitshalo singakwazi ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke. Futhi ezindaweni ezibandayo, imbali iya ebusika iye endaweni enomthunzi kusuka ngo-Okthoba noma uDisemba kuya kuFebhuwari.

Imibandela yokuboshwa ngalesi sikhathi: izinga lokushisa lomoya alikho ngaphezulu kuka-15-18 ºº, ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo, ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu nokufafaza.

Kukhula ibhalsamu kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Enye yezimpawu zale imbali ukuvuthwa kwebhokisi lezithelo, elicekeka kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana kusuka ngaphandle, kudedele imbewu eningi ngaphandle, kulondoloze ukuhluma kuze kube seminyakeni engu-8. Ukuhlwanyela inhlabathi kumele kuvinjelwe bese kubulawa magciwane. Kungaba nje ingxube ye-peat-sand, noma i-substrate evela enhlabathini engadini exutshwe nesihlabathi. Imvamisa izitshalo zenziwa ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, kepha izinhlobo ezithile zamabhalsamu, ngokwesibonelo, i-New Guinean hybrid, ingahlwanyelwa ngoJanuwari.

Inqubo yokuhlwanyela yembewu yebhalsamu:

• i-substrate elungiselelwe ibekwe emigqonyeni emincane, yomiswe ngesibhamu sokufafaza;
• imbewu ibekwe ebusweni bomhlaba ukuze ibanga phakathi kwawo licishe libe ngu-3-4 cm;
• Akunconywa ukufafaza ngokuphelele imbewu, kuphela kancane - ngesihlabathi noma inhlabathi efafazwe;
• Ngemuva kokuthambisa izitshalo, kuqalwa izimo zokugcina ukushisa.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-15, ungalindela ukuhluma kwezitshalo. Lapho zifika usayizi ongu-1 cm, ukuba namaqabunga agcwele ngokugcwele kuyinkomba yokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuntywila.

Ukuze ubabaze ukuqhakaza kwama-balsamu amancane ehlobo, kufanelekile ukutshala izithombo kakade ekuqaleni kukaMashi.

Ukusakazeka kwebhalsamu ngokusika

Indlela elula futhi esheshayo yokusakaza ibhalsamu ukusakazeka kwezitshalo. Kuze kube manje, ngoMeyi-Juni, izimbali zezimbali eziqine, ezinempilo zibekwa emthunzini kafushane. Lapho nje isihlahla sinikeza amahlumela amaningi amade, asikwa bese egxilwe emanzini.

Ngemuva kwalokho itshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile ngenhlanganisela yomhlabathi enama-asidi kancane. Ngakho-ke, ungasakaza imbali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Isitshalo esikhule ngama blooms ehlobo ngisho nasebusika.

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlumela azokwelulwa ngokuqinile ngaphandle kokuthola amandla nombala.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Lapho kuqukethe ibhalsamu, abatshali bezimbali bavame ukuhlangana nalezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:

• Amabhalsamu ashiya ayawa. Kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-10 ºº, kanye nokuntuleka komswakama.
• Iziqu ziyadonswa. Isizathu ukuntuleka okukhulu kokukhanya okukhanyayo.
• Ukuvela kwamabala emacembe. Kubangelwa izifo fungal imbali.
• Ama-Balsamu efihlekile ayawa. Lokhu kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, emoyeni oshisayo, nalapho umhlabathi womile.
• Amacembe ayancipha futhi awe. Ukuntuleka kwamaminerali, umswakama omningi kakhulu womhlabathi.
• Amaqabunga aba mnyama. Inkinga enjalo ibangela ukuhlala isikhathi eside emthunzini, noma ukuvela kwezinambuzane zesinambuzane.
• Ibhalsamu aliqhakambisi noma liqhume kahle. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba noma ukusetshenziswa kokugqokwa kwe-nitrogenous ephezulu, okudala amahlamvu amaningi.

Izinambuzane zebhalsamu izibungu zesicabucabu, izinambuzane zamanga, ama-spips, kanye ne-aphid kanye namhlophe kanye nazo.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zebhalsamu elenziwe ekhaya ngezithombe namagama

Ibhalsamu kaWalller, noma ukubekezela kukaWaller, noma ibhalsamu kaWaller, "touchy", "Roly-wet", "light", "water fuchsia", (Impatiens hostii, Impatiens walleriana, Impatiens sultanii) - wonke lawa ngamagama ezinhlobo zezitshalo, okuyiwona Umthombo wochungechunge olukhulu lwe-nzalo. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali ezinde neziningi, ama-axillary inflorescence anama-petals amahlanu, amaqabunga amahle anezinwele ezi-12 cm.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo kanye namaqembu Baller Wall

I-Balsamine Series 'i-Acent F1'. Izitshalo ezincane ezinokuphakama okungu-15-20 cm, ezinezimbali ezinkulu ezinemibala ehlukahlukene.

I-Balsamine Series 'I-tempo F1 Hybrid'. Ubude besiqu sesitshalo buhlukahluka kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-25 cm. Kubonakala ngokuhluma kwezimbali okuqala ngezimbali ze-orange nezepinki.

I-Balsamine Series 'i-Stardust F, Ehlanganisiwe'. Ine-inflorescence yombala ocebile onama-petals ahlelwe emaphethelweni ngombala ogcwele obomvu, opinki noma ogqamile.

Balsamine Series 'Bruno F1'. Uchungechunge lokuqala kakhulu lwezimbali ezinesethi yama-chromosomes ephindwe kabili. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakaliswa ukumelana okuphezulu kwezinguquko zokushisa, izimbali ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obungu-6 cm, ukuhluma kwembewu kokuqala.

I-Balsamine Series 'I-Firefly'. Lesi sitshalo siyisihlahla esihle, esiqhakaza kakhulu sinezimbali ezibubende obomvu, obomvu, obunamantambo aphuzi, imifino efihlekile.

I-Balsamine Series 'Fiesta F1'. Inesakhiwo esinamagatsha amaningi, kanye ne-terry single-color noma izimbali ezimbili pink.

I-New Guinea Balsam iyi-Impatiens balsam hybrid enobude besiqu esingama-30 cm nezimbali ezizodwa ezinobubanzi obungu-7-8 cm ezine-spurs.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-New Guinean Balsam

Uchungechunge lwebhalsamu 'Java'. Ine-inflorescence yombala okhanyayo we "tropical" kuhlaka lwamahlamvu aluhlaza saturated.

Uchungechunge lwamaBhalsamu 'Imvula yeJangle'. Ikhiqiza izimbali ngemibala ye-pastel emnene.

Uchungechunge lwamaBhalsamu 'I-rainforest Exotic'. Izinhlobonhlobo ezimbili zemisindo enamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani.