I-Tunbergia ingena ku-acanthaceae yomndeni. Izwe lakubo kubhekwa njengama-tropical ase-Afrika. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200. Igama lesi sitshalo lalihlonishwa yisayensi yemvelo yaseSweden uKarl Peter Thunberg. Imbali ibuye inegama elithile - "amehlo e-black eyes". Ngikubiza ngakho ngenxa yombala wephakathi kwembali - obomvu obubomvu. Khulisa lesi sitshalo kokubili ekhaya nasensimini.
I-Tunbergia - lianovidnoe noma isitshalo se-shrubby. Amaqabunga aphelele, ahlotshiswe enhliziyweni noma akhishwa. Kukhona amaqabunga aphikisanayo afakiwe. Zifinyelela ku-10 cm ubude. Ezinye zezitshalo zineziqabunga ezinamaqabunga. I-Tunbergia izimbali zifinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi futhi ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sinemibala ehlukene yezimbali, kusukela emhlophe kuze kube mnyama. Iqhakaza kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba, ikhuphuka iphunga elinamandla. Esimweni salo semvelo, lesi sitshalo kubhekwa ukuthi singunaphakade, kodwa esifundeni sethu sonyaka futhi sivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlelwa kwemvelo. I-Tunbergia inomuzwa omuhle ekhaya kanye nezindlu zokugcina izithombo. 
Ukutshala imbewu ye-Tunbergia yezithombo
I-Tunbergia iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, futhi uma unquma ukuyikhula ekhaya, kuzodingeka ufeze izimo ezimbalwa ezilula zokuthuthukisa imbali emihle.
Isikhathi esiphelele sokuhlwanyela
Ungaqala ukubandakanya imbewu ekuzaleni imbewu ye-tunbergia noma ekupheleni kwebusika (ngoFebhuwari) noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (Mashi).
Uyazi? Ngokuvamile, umvini usetshenziselwa ukubheja utshwala nezidakamizwa, ukulungiselela itiye namahlamvu awo, okuthiwa i-rank-jude. Ngalokhu ungabhekana ne-hangover, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezilimazayo.
Indlela yokulungisa imbewu yokutshala
Imbewu ye-Tunbergia ibonakala ngokuhluma okuncane, ngakho-ke kumele iqale igxilwe ku-Epin growth stimulator. Lokhu kuzobasiza ukuba bavuke ngokushesha futhi kangcono.
Umhlabathi: ukwakheka kanye nomanyolo
Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi idinga ukwenziwa kusuka enhlabathini yeqabunga nesihlabathi ngokufaka ama-humus. Naphezu kokuthi imbewu iqukethe ukutholakala okuthile kwezakhi zomzimba, kusengcono ukuthi ifakwe umquba nge-add sand and peat. Futhi, inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile, ilula futhi ngokushesha idlule umswakama.
Indlela yokutshala imbewu
Sincoma ukusebenzisa i-ceramic flat or peable pots for planting. Kumele babe nemigodi yamanzi. Uma uzohlwanyela i-tunbergia, ngaphambi kokuhlanza iziqukathi, futhi usuku olulandelayo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ingxube yomhlaba kudinga ukuphuziswa.
Okokuqala udinga ukutshala imbewu kulezimbiza nge peat kuya 1.5 cm ejulile futhi uthele inhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, isitsha kumele sihlanganiswe ne-foil ukudala umphumela wokushisa. Ngakho amahlumela azokhula ngokushesha. Shiya imbewu kulesi sigubhu amasonto amabili. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi izimbiza kudingeka zisetshenziselwe ukususa i-condensate.
Kubalulekile! Buka ukuchelela, njengokungaphezu kokuswakama kungabangela ukubola kwezithombo.
Uma nje uqaphela amahlumela okuqala, ifilimu ingasuswa. Uma kunenqwaba yezihlumela, bonke kudingeka badonsa.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Izithombo kufanele zifakwe efasiteleni, amafasitela alo ahlangothini olusentshonalanga noma empumalanga, kodwa kubalulekile ukwenza ukukhanya okungafani, njengoba umqhele wesitshalo ungashisa emisebeni eqondile yelanga. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kwe-tunbergia entwasahlobo nasehlobo kufanele kube ngu-25 ° ะก. Ekwindla kungcono ukunamathela ku-17 ° C. Ehlobo udinga ukuphuza lesi sitshalo njalo. Hlela lapho udinga ukumisela lesi sitshalo, ungasendaweni ephezulu yenhlanganisela yomhlaba. Amanzi kufanele athambile amanzi avikelwe.
Kubalulekile! Gwema amanzi aphelile epanini.
Esikhathini esishisayo, udinga ukwengeza uphinde uphefule amanzi ashicilelwe endaweni yokushisa ekamelweni. Ekwindla kungcono ukunciphisa ukuchelela. Kubalulekile ukutshala isitshalo kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo emavikini amathathu, umquba wamaminerali. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili, amahlumela adingeka ukuba abe mncane futhi ahambe. Izitshalo ezinamandla kufanele zihlale kuleli tangi. Lapho izithombo ze-tubergia zikhula zibe ngu-15 cm, udinga ukususa iziqongo zezithombo.
Uma ufuna ukuthola i-tunbergia enamandla futhi enamandla, izithombo zidinga ukukhulelwa kusukela ekukhethweni kokuqala kanye ngesonto ngamanyolo aqukethe i-nitrogen. Uma ufuna ukuthola ukukhula okunaminingi nokude, sincoma ukuthi singalima izithombo.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-tunbergia emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngemuva kokutshala i-tunbergia ezitshalweni, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi isikhathi esanele siphelile ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwesitshalo, singafakwa endaweni evulekile.
Uyazi? Izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-acids eziqukethe i-tunbergia zinciphisa inqubo yokuguga, futhi zihlanganisa amakhemikhali e-DNA awonakele. Kuyasiza kahle ekudleni kokudla, ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela nezinye izifo ze-endocrine.
Izikhathi ezihle zokufika
I-Tunbergia kumele ihambele maphakathi no-Meyi, lapho ukugcina ama-frosts entwasahlobo edlulile. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithombo zizoqina futhi zilungele indawo entsha ensimini. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ze-tunbergia emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiswa kwesayithi lokufika
I-Tunbergia kufanele ibe yindawo ngaphandle kwemidwebo kanye nokukhanyisa okuhle, entshonalanga, eningizimu noma empumalanga. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto elula futhi ibekeleleke. Kumele ube nezakhi ezinomsoco kanye ne-lime. Futhi, kufanele ichithe kahle, ingathathi hlangothi. Umhlabathi udinga ukukhululeka futhi uhlolwe ngamanus noma izindlela ezikhethekile.
Kulungile okulungile
Ibanga phakathi kwemibhede kufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-20 cm, futhi phakathi kwemigodi - 45 cm. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze isitshalo sikhule ngokubanzi. Ngaphambi kokufika, udinga ukufaka izisekeli ngendlela yegridi. U-Liana uzokhula kulo.
Khona-ke izithombo ze-tunbury ezikhuphulayo ziyatshala. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi izitshalo ezincane. Ukutshala ukujula - 1.5 cm. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo kufanele sifafazwe umhlaba kanye ne-rammed kancane.
Emva kokutshala izithombo kudingeka kuphuze izitshalo bese zimboza emhlabeni ngenhlabathi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuqeda ukhula olucasulayo. Isimbali sokuqala ungabona izinsuku ezingu-100 ngemuva kokugcoba.
I-Garden Tunbergia Care
I-Tunbergia iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke uma ukutshala kuphumelela futhi isitshalo seluqalile, ungaqala ukuwunakekela.
Uyazi? Ukucindezelwa kwamapulangwe amaqabunga e-tunbergy ku-Peninsula yaseMalaysia kwenziwa ukwelapha izinkinga zesikhumba: amathumba, ukusika, izilonda.
Konke mayelana nokuchelela
I-Tunbergia ithanda ukuphuza kakhulu, kodwa udinga ukumlandela. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, igumbi lobumba akumele lime, njengoba amaqabunga azoqala ukuwa, futhi imbali ingahle ibonakaliswe yisicabucabu. Ngokushesha lapho izimbali seziphelile, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise. Ehlobo elomile, udinga ukwenza nje kuphela ukuphuza i-tunbergia, kodwa futhi ukupuniza emini.
Izici zokudla
Ukugqoka okuphoqelekile okumele kudingeke kulethwe ngesikhathi sokuhluma, kodwa kungcono ukuthi ungashiseki. Izimo ezinjalo zizokulethela izimbali eziluhlaza. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kudingeka wenze umquba wamaminerali. Zengeziwe emanzini okunisela njalo ngesonto.
Entwasahlobo nehlobo, njalo ngenyanga kudingeka wenze umanyolo wamaminerali oketshezi ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo.
Kubalulekile! Uma "ukhulula" lesi sitshalo, amaqabunga azoba amahle, futhi izimbali ziyophela.
Flower izihlahla
Ukudubula kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngoFebhuwari. Ungenza lokhu ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ukuze isitshalo sithathe isimo sehlathi, udinga ukuchofoza iziqongo.
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukunqunyulwa, futhi abantu abadala bangcono ukungathinti. Udinga kuphela ukususa amahlumela abuthakathaka noma obukhulu kakhulu. Udinga ukusika phansi kanye naso sonke isikhathi ukuthumela kulokho okufunayo.
Ukutshala izitshalo ezincane kuyadingeka ukuze kukhule okujulile, kodwa lokhu kunganciphisa izimbali.
Ukuqoqa nokugcina imbewu
Lapho izimbali ze-tunbergia seziphelile, amabhokisi amabhokisi azovela endaweni yawo. Kumelwe ziqoqwe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba zivulwe, ngoba imbewu ingase ikhule phansi. Kungcono ukuvula amabhokisi ngaphezulu kwetafula elihlanganiswe nephepha - imbewu izowela kuso. Khona-ke kudingeka adume futhi agcinwe emabhokisini amakhadibhodi. Impilo yeshalofu yembewu yiminyaka emibili.
Yeka kanjani ama-winbergia winter
Uma ukhula i-tunbergia endaweni evulekile, kufanele ilahlwe ekuwa, ngoba ngeke isinde ebusika. Uma ukhula isitshalo ekhaya embizeni enkulu, udinga ukuhlakulela amahlumela.
Kubalulekile! Esikhathini sitshalo kufanele kube amahlumela amahlanu.
Izigaba kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Kungcono ukudlulisa ibhodlela endaweni epholile lapho izinga lokushisa lingeke libe ngaphezu kuka-15 ° C. Ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukuhambisa ubuningi bomhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo sihlala endlini kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kwaloko, kungathathwa emkhathini, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane ukuze isitshalo sijwayele ukushisa okuhlukile. Emva kwalokhu, umhubhe uzoqala ukuhluma okusha kanye namahlumela, futhi uzoqala ukuqhakaza ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqala.Inhlanganisela ye-tunbergia nezinye izitshalo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekuklanyeleni kwezwe
I-Tunbergia isetshenziswe kahle ekudalweni kwezwe. TNgakho-ke njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula masinyane, umhubhe uzohlobisa i-arbor, isibuko, ikholomu futhi udale ikona elihle eliluhlaza esakhiweni. Esiseduze sincoma ukuthi sibheke i-ipomoea noma i-asarin, njengoba ibukeka ngokuvumelana ngeplanethi. Ungakwazi futhi ukukhulisa i-tunbergia ezimbizeni. Amahlumela azohlala phansi.
Uyazi? I-Thunberg yayaziwa ngisho nangaphezu kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezintathu edlule. Izakhiwo zalo zazisetshenziswa abapristi baseChina, iMalaysia, iThailand naseTibet. Amaqabunga e-tunbergia ahlonywe ngokucophelela asetshenziselwa ukuphuma esikhathini esiqile. Odokotela baseThailand basebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ngokushisa okuqinile noma njenge-antidote ngokumelene nokudakwa nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane nezifo ezikhona
I-Tunbergia ayithintwa neze nezifo, kodwa phakathi kwama-parasites isicabucabu se-spider, i-aphid, isikhala esincane nesilwane silimaza isitshalo.
- Isibungu se-spider Lezi zinambuzane zondla okuqukethwe kwamaseli. Ungazibona. Amachashazi amhlophe nombukiso omncane ovela emaqabunga. Ngamaqabunga aqinile e-lesion aphenduka amhlophe, futhi yonke isitshalo sigcwele ama-cobwebs. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga namahlumela, inqwaba yezidumbu ze-parasite iqoqa, okwenza kube nzima.
Aphid Ngentwasahlobo, ama-aphid ahlala emahlumela amancane nasesingaphansi komqhele. Ama-aphid adla imifino entsha futhi abulale amaqabunga amancane. Futhi ama-aphid aqukethe ama-virus enza i-galls. Yibo abangaholela ekufeni kwe-tunbergia. Ungasusa ama-aphid nge-insecticide esekelwe yi-pyrethrum.- Shchitovka. Esikhathini sokuqala, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola le nkathazo. Kungcono ukufeza ukuvimbela kusengaphambili. Ama-flakes abadala alula ukubona. Babonakala njengamabala emaqabunga, emathunini kanye namahlumela. I-pad iphinda ibonakale emaqabunga (liquid liquid).
- I-Whitefly. Ama-parasites amancane, kodwa kulula ukuwabona, njengoba aya "emhlambini". Izinambuzane zingabonakala ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga. Ama-Larvae nabantu abadala bayondla ngesitshalo sesitshalo, futhi amabala aphuzi avela endaweni yokuluma. Zingaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
Aphid Ngentwasahlobo, ama-aphid ahlala emahlumela amancane nasesingaphansi komqhele. Ama-aphid adla imifino entsha futhi abulale amaqabunga amancane. Futhi ama-aphid aqukethe ama-virus enza i-galls. Yibo abangaholela ekufeni kwe-tunbergia. Ungasusa ama-aphid nge-insecticide esekelwe yi-pyrethrum.
