Ukuhlelwa kwensimu eduzane ne-dacha kuvame ukuhlinzekela ukutshala izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlobisa. Ngeshwa, iningi labo liyakuthanda ilanga futhi limile nje emthunzini. Kodwa kuthiwani uma iningi lesayithi likhona ngqo emthunzini? Impendulo ilula - tshala iphawort. Izimbali zalo ziyoba umhlobiso omuhle kunoma yiliphi ingadi, futhi kulula ngokunakekelwa kuyokuvumela ukuthi ungachithi isikhathi esiningi kule simila. Konke okudingekayo kuwe (esigabeni sokuqala) ukukhetha nokutshala okuhlukahlukene okuthandayo, futhi sizokutshela ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani manje.
Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ze-lungfish
I-Medunitsa iyimifino ehlala njalo evame ukukhula phakathi kwemvelo nezihlahla. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zayo zihlangene nesici esisodwa: Izimbali ze-medunitsa zishintsha umbala we-corolla ngesikhathi sezimbali. Kusukela ukuqhakaza nge-pink, kancane kancane bayishintsha ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Uyazi?Igama lesayensi lesitshalo "Pulmonaria", elihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwalo ekwelapheni izifo zamaphaphu (kusukela kwisiLatin "pulmo" lisho "ukukhanya"). Okuvamile kithi "lungwort" bejwayele abantu ngenxa yesikhumba esinezimbali, ikakhulukazi ngoba ingenye yezitshalo zokuqala uju.
Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingu-15 zalesi sitshalo, kodwa akuzona zonke izinto ezinokuhlobisa. Ngakho-ke, sanquma ukukhetha kuphela labo okuvame ukutholakala emibhedeni yemifula.
I-Medunitsa ibomvu. Uhlobo lokuqala lalesisitshalo, olungakujabulisa ngombala obomvu obomvu isikhathi eside. Uma ukhulile emasimini, ukhula kakhulu, udala isembozo semifino esincane enamaqabunga amancane aluhlaza ngaphandle kwamabala.
I-Lunitolus medunitse. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lokhu kuyimbono ekhangayo kakhulu, emasimini akuvamile. Ihlukaniswe yi-thermophilicity yayo, nakuba isici esiyinhloko amaqabunga amakhulu angavamile aguqula umbala wawo (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo anamabala aluhlaza, futhi eduze kwamathiza ehlobo ahlangene futhi ishidi libe isiliva ngokuphelele). Izimbali ziqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuhlobisa igceke noma ingadi enezimbali ezibomvu.
Medunitsa officinalis. Isitshalo esiphansi (kuze kufinyelele ku-30 cm) esivela ngezinga eliphakeme lokumelana nobusika (okukwazi ukubhekana namazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka -35 ° C). Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sihlala cishe inyanga futhi siqala maphakathi no-May. Ekuqaleni kwezimbali, i-corolla inombala obomvu, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iba yikombala.
I-medunitsa esinde kakhulu. Ukuphakama, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ku-25 cm, futhi sihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ezivela emaqabungeni amahle kakhulu: ingxenye yawo engenhla iyinombala emnyama, enamabala ahlakazekile, kanti ephansi i-gray-green. Izitshalo ezinjalo ziphikisana nokukhanya kwelanga, okungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-lungwort. Izimbali ziqala ngo-Ephreli. Ekuqaleni, i-inflorescences ehlumekile inemibala ebomvu, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bathola i-blue tint.
I-medunitsa elula kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobo zakha amahlathi amakhulu, okuphakama kwawo kufinyelela ku-50 cm. Izimbali ezinkulu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zivela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, kanti isitshalo sezimbali siqhubeka kuze kube phakathi nehlobo. Ngo-Agasti noma ngo-Septhemba, kungase kuqhume futhi, futhi amaqabunga avele kuyo yonke inkathi.
I-Medunits ushukela (ibonakale). Ikhuluma ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cover, futhi amaqabunga ahlale ehlaza enza i-carpet enkulu kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokufika kwentwasahlobo, isitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-inflorescences, okuthi, njengezinhlobo zangaphambilini, ziyakwazi ukushintsha umbala wazo (kulokhu kusuka ku-carmine kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
I-Medunitsy ifihliwe (noma, njengoba kubizwa, - "mnyama"). Olunye uhlobo lwesitshalo olungashintsha umbala we-inflorescences ngenkathi izimbali (kusuka ebomini kuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu obomvu). Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, i-lungwort ngokucacile ifuna kakhulu ukwakheka kwenhlabathi.
Ukufaneleka okufanele kubalulekile ekukhuleni okuhle.
Ukunakekelwa kwamangcwaba yiqiniso, kuyinkinga ebalulekile, kodwa okokuqala udinga ukuyihlwanyela kahle. Umqondo wokuthi "ukulungiswa" ukufika kuveza ukukhetha isikhathi nendawo efanele yokuthola ibhokisi lensimbi, kanye nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi efanelekayo.
Isikhathi esihle sokufika
Isikhathi esifanele kunazo zonke sokutshala i jellyfish ingadi, njengoba, ngempela, ezinye izitshalo eziningi, ukuqala kwentwasahlobo. Kwakuyi-sikhathi lapho umhlaba ugcwele khona izakhi kanye nokulandelela izakhi eziwusizo ezitshalweni, futhi ukungabi khona kweqhwa kuvumela isitshalo esincane ukuba sivumelane nendawo entsha.
Kubalulekile!I-Medunitsa ayithandi umswakama omile emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isayithi linesikhathi sokuma ngemuva kokubusika futhi sikhishwe kahle. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlanza isayithi lokufika ukhula.
Indlela yokukhetha isayithi lokufika
Inzuzo ebalulekile ye-pulmonaria ngaphezu kwezinye izitshalo ingenakuzithoba ngokwemibandela yokukhanyisa. Angakhula kalula emthunzini noma emthunzini oyingxenye, futhi ilanga eliqondile liyingozi kakhulu. Uma kungekho ndawo enjalo engadini yakho yokukhula kwe-lungfish, zama ukubeka isitshalo lapho izovikelwa khona elangeni okungenani isigamu sosuku (isibonelo, ngaphansi kwemikhosi yezihlahla).
Naphezu kokuthi i-medunitsa ibhekwa njengesiko esithandayo umswakama, ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezimanzi kakhulu. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuhlomisa umbhede ophezulu.
Kubalulekile! Uma utshala i-medunitsa yokwelapha, obomvu noma i-valovidnoy, udinga ukuhlela isikhala esanele, ngoba lezi zilwane zijwayele "ukusakaza" kusayithi.
Indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala
I-Pulmonaria ayinayo izidingo eziphezulu zokubunjwa kwenhlabathi futhi ingakhula cishe cishe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, nakuba ikhula emhlabathini ovuthiwe we-loamy-alkaline nenye i-acidic, izobukeka kahle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona inhlabathi empofu ekhanda lakho lasehlobo, ngaphambi kokutshala ibhokisi lamaphaphu kungcono ukusebenzisa iziqu zemifino. Uma uhlwanyela izinhlobo ezincane, ama-fertilizer awadingeki, njengoba izitshalo zizwa kahle emhlabathini onesihlabathi ompofu.
Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuthi, emva kokutshala isitshalo kanye, akudingeki ukuba kudliwe njalo. Ngaphandle kwe-alkaline enhle, i-asidi encane, i-sandy noma i-loamy, inhlabathi evulekile kufanele iqukathe ama-humus. Ngakho-ke i-humus ivame ukulethwa ngaphansi kwe-shrub futhi idliwe okungenani kanye ngenkathi (Inyanga enhle kunazo zonke ngoJulayi, lapho amaqabunga amasha ekhula ngamandla). Njengesixazululo esifanele besebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali olungiselelwe ngesilinganiso esingu-15-20 g ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi i-medunitsa ikhula kangcono ezimweni zokwanela umswakama okwanele, kodwa izinga lale humidity akufanele liphakeme kakhulu Ngakho-ke, qinisekisa uhlelo oluhle lwemanzi ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla eziseduze akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-15 cm, yize izinhlobo ezitholakala ekukhuleni, kungcono ukutshala u-20, 25 noma ngisho no-30 cm.
Izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kweLungwort
Isitshalo ngasinye sinesidingo saso sokunakekelwa kwayo, futhi i-pulmonaria ayikho kulokhu. Ngakho-ke, uhlose ukukhula lesi sitshalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela yokunisela, ukugcoba, ukutshala kanye ne-mulch ngokufanele.
Ukuphuza nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi
Ezimweni eziningi, i-Medunitsa officinalis, njengoba ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi, akudingi ukuchelela njalo, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inqwaba yamanzi emhlabathini kuphela ngenkathi yesomiso. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukubukeka obomvu kuphelelwa ukungabi nomswakama: amaqabunga awo amakhulu alahlekelwa ukuqina kwawo futhi akhuphuke ngokushesha, futhi ukuze asindise isitshalo, kufanele adunywe.
Lapho sekufika entwasahlobo, inhlabathi ejikeleze isihlahla esincane saseLungwort ihlanganiswe nomswakama wemvelaphi yemvelo: izinkuni zezinkuni, i-peat, utshani obunamanzi noma i-sawdust. Izinto ezinjalo zokumboza ezinama-8-15 cm uzolondoloza ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi ngokushisa, ukomisa ngaphandle, futhi uvimbele indlela eya kukhula usebenze njengokondla olwengeziwe lwe-melluna.
Ukusoka
Ukunciphisa i-lungfish kuncishisiwe kuze kususwe i-peduncles (ngakho-ke ngisho ne-hemp ayishiyi) ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Futhi, amaqabunga endala, okuye ayeka isikhathi eside ukuhlobisa isihlahla, abuye aqedwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukudiliza izimbali namaqabunga, angadliwa kuphela ngommese obukhali, ukuze angalimazi izingxenye ezibalulekile zesitshalo.
Hlela ukumelana nesithwathwa
Kumele kuqashelwe futhi izinga eliphakeme lokumelana namaqhwa ebusika Ezindaweni eziphakathi kwezulu, akuhlanganiswa njalo ebusika, nakuba ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala kusengcono ukumboza i-pulmonary nge-peat, amagatsha e-pine ngesihlahla se-spruce noma amaqabunga endala, ngaleyo ndlela kudala izimo ezithokozile kakhulu zesitshalo esisenamandla ngempela.
I-Lungwort ekuklanyweni kwensimu
I-Medunitsa - nje ephelele yokuklama kwensimu. Abalimi abaningi babecabanga ngakho imbali enhle kunabo bonke abahlala emahlathini, okuyinto ingatholakala njalo engadini yezwe. Lapho i-medunitsa iqhuma, i-carpet ekhululekile idalwe kulesi sakhiwo, esakhiwe ngemibala enemibala eminingi.
I-curbs ephansi kusuka kulesi sitshalo ayikho into ekhangayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-Lungwort ihamba kahle ngamahlathi ahlukene. Isibonelo, zama ukutshala i-pulmonary emthunzini we-blister noma u-deden.
Le mbali iyadingeka emibhedeni yasensimu yasentwasahlobo ehlangene nezinkuni, ama-daffodils kanye nama-crocuses, futhi emifinini yembali enezimbali kamuva, izokwenziwa ngokugcwele ngamabhati okugeza, phloxes kanye ne-astilbe.
Izindlela zokuzala i-lungfish
I-Medunitsa ikhiqiza kalula ngendlela yemifino, kodwa ngokuvamile akudingekile ukuhlukanisa izihlahla. Lesi yisitshalo esihlala njalo, futhi ezimweni zemvelo inqubo yokukhiqiza iqala kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimbali futhi ihlala cishe cishe sonke isikhathi sokukhula. Izingxenye ezindala ze-rhizome ziyafa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi isihlahla siqala ukubola.
"Izimo zasekhaya" I-lungfish iphindaphinda ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukuhlukanisa isihlahla, izingxenye ze-rhizome kanye nembewu.
Ezimweni eziningi ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, banda ushukela kanye ne-lungwort ende. Ukuze wenze lokhu ekupheleni kwenkathi kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izingxenye eziningana namafihlethi ngamunye wabo. Emva kwalokho, "izingxenye" zitshalwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe ukujula kwe-4 cm.
Uma uhlukanisa ama-rhizomes, ungagcina zonke izimfanelo ze-varietal ezingapheli. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, uhlathini luyakhiwa, emva kwalokho luhlukaniswe izingxenye futhi luvunwe. Izingxenye ezitholakalayo kufanele zitshalwe emhlabathini ebangeni elingaphansi kwezingu-30 cm komunye nomunye, futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi kufanele zitshalwe ekujuleni okufanayo njengesitshalo ngaphambi kokuhlukaniswa. Uma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ungenayo isikhathi sokuhlukanisa imbali, ingenziwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla ngokushesha nje lapho ivimba ukuqhakaza. Ngokwahlukanisa izinhlobo ze-rhizome ezivame ukusabalalisa zokwelapha, ezibomvu, ezinjenge-shaft kanye nezincane.
Ukusebenzisa indlela yokukhiqiza imbewu, kuyoba nzima kuwe ukugcina ezihlukahlukene zihlanzekile. Ukutshala impova kwenziwa nge-crosswise, ngakho-ke uma usulungele ukuhlolwa, ungahlwanyela ibhokisi lensimbi endaweni yakho, ngenxa yalokho ungathola iphalethi enkulu ngokwanele yemibala ehlukahlukene, futhi, cishe, uzoba umnikazi wekhophi ehlukile.
Uyazi? I-Medunica ingenye yama-myrmecohors, izitshalo zazo ezazisakazwa yizintuthwane. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukubonakala kwawo emagumbini angalindelekile engadini.
Ukuphikisana nezinambuzane zasegadini
Enye iphuzu elihle ekutshalweni kwezin lonunithi yilokho cishe akuhambisani nezifo nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane, futhi ingozi kuphela engasongela isitshalo sakho yi-slugs kanye nemisipha, idla amaqabunga e-lungwort. Ngakho-ke bathanda inhlabathi enomswakama, uma nje ukutshala kwesitshalo kuba mkhulu kakhulu, izivakashi ezingamenywa zizovela eduze kwezimbali.
Ekulwa nabo kuzosiza izindlela ze-agrotechnical, ukuhlinzeka ukucubungula ngokucophelela nokuhlanza kwenhlabathi ngokhula, futhi futhi ukusika izikhathi ngesikhathi ukuze kuvikelwe ukuqina kwe-landing.
