Utamatisi "i-Novice" sekuyisikhathi eside isungula njengendlela ukunambitheka okuhle nokuvunwa okuhle, futhi ukuthandwa kwayo kuyanda njalo ngonyaka. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola izici kanye nencazelo yamatamatisi "u-Novice" futhi ufunde izici zokunakekela.
Izici kanye nezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene
Utamatisi "I-Novice" - isitshalo sehlobo elinqunyiwe. I-compact, non-stem bush, inani elivamile lamaqabunga, okuyinto evamile ukuba utamatisi oluhlaza. Ukuphakama kwe-kustovtomata "i-Novice" -kusukela ku-50 kuya ku-90 cm. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukususa njalo zonke izingane ezikhulayo. Ukubeka ibhulashi lokuqala kuqala emva kweqabunga lesihlanu lesikhombisa lesitshalo, ama-brushes alandelayo akhiwa ngephepha elilodwa noma amabili. Esikhathini shayela singathuthukisa utamatisi ayisithupha ukuya kusikhombisa cishe usayizi ofanayo.
Kubalulekile! Izinkomba kufanele zenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithathu leqiniso, kanye ne-pasynkovaniye yokuqala-izitshalo zokufakelwa ezitsheni.
Utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo uvezwa ngezindlela ezimbili: i-pink nebomvu, enezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu: izithelo zazo ziyizimpande ezinomzimba, ezinomsoco, noshukela ezinomsoco ocebile. Utamatisi unamakamelo amathathu kuya kwahlanu, amaqanda amaqanda anamaqanda. Isisindo sesitamatisi esithi "i-Novice" isukela ku-85 kuya ku-105 g.
Izinzuzo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi zinkulu:
- Kuhle kokubili okusha, futhi ngokusetshenziselwa nokugcinwa kwemboni.
- Kufanelekile ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile nasendaweni yokugcina izithombo.
- Ukuvuthwa okunomusa nokushesha kwesitshalo, okwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-53-56 kusukela ngosuku lokufakelwa kabusha.
- Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo eziyinhloko zikatamatisi (indawo ensundu, i-gall nematode).
- Isethulo esihle kakhulu.
- Ukulondoloza kahle utamatisi ngesikhathi sokuhamba, okubaluleke kakhulu lapho uhambisa utamatisi endaweni yokudayiswa.
Uyazi? Ngokuphathelene ne-botany, utamatisi amajikijolo. Ngesinqumo se-European Union ngo-2001, utamatisi wawuhlonishwa njengesithelo, hhayi imifino.
Ukulungiselela imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo
Ukuze izitshalo zibe namandla futhi zihlume kahle, kuyadingeka ukuba ulungiselele imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela izithombo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunconywa izinqubo ezilandelayo: ukukhipha, ukugqoka, ukuhluma nokuqina.
Ukudonsa
Le nqubo elula futhi elula izokusiza ukuba ukhethe imbewu emikhulu futhi egcwele kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qeda isipuni sikasawoti egumbini lamanzi, uthele imbewu ibe yisisombululo uhlanganise kahle. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15, ngemuva kokuthi imbewu ihlelwe, udinga ukususa okufakiwe, futhi phansi ngezansi, hlambulula ngamanzi bese usomile. Lezi zimbewu zizoqala ukutshala.
I-Pickling
Imbewu igcinwa imizuzu engu-20-25 ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate ukubhubhisa ama-causative agents of izifo ezihlukahlukene embewu.
Kubalulekile!Ukuze ijubane izithombo, imbewu ingahluma ngokuyifaka ephepheni lokuhlunga noma i-gauze. Ngesikhathi esifanayo qinisekisa ukuthi iphepha ne-gauze ayomile, kodwa awukwazi ukuvumela umswakama owedlule.
Ukuzikhandla
Ukwenza utamatisi ulwisane kakhulu nokushisa okushisa, kuyadingeka ukuba wenze le nqubo elandelayo: faka imbewu ehlwanyelwe esiqandisini amahora angu-10-12, bese uvumela ukuba bame ekushiseni kwe-18-22 ° C ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Yenza le nqubo izikhathi eziningana.
Kuyathakazelisa Utamatisi "i-Novice" yavulwa esiteshini sokuzalanisa saseVolgograd, futhi ngo-1986 lezi zihlukahlukene zabhaliswe kwiRejista kaHulumeni.
Ukukhulisa izithombo zakho
Lesi yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu futhi esibalulekile, esidinga ulwazi lwezinto eziqhamukayo zezitshalo ezikhulayo, futhi yonke inqubo yokutamatisi ekhulayo iyoxhomekeka kuyo.
Isu nokujula kwembewu yokuhlwanyela
Ukujula kanye nephethini yokuhlwanyela utamatisi wezinhlanzi "I-Novice" ayifani neze nezinye izinhlobo zika utamatisi. Imbewu yezithombo ezikhulayo zihlwanyelwa emabhokisini ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ku-1-1.5 cm, bese zithululwa ngendwangu encane yomhlaba, ephuziswa kancane, ehlanganiswe ne-foil iphinde ibekwe endaweni yefasitela noma kwenye indawo enelanga.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba nokunakekelwa
Kunconywa ukuba anisele umhlabathi lapho imbewu ka-tomato ihlwanyela khona nge-stimulator yokukhula. Ezitolo ze-hardware ungathenga umhlabathi okhethekile wezakhi ukuze ukhule izithombo. Kodwa futhi kungalungiselelwa kalula nguwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus enye ingxenye ye-mullein, ingxenye eyodwa yomhlaba, nezingxenye eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa ze-peat. Kubalulekile ukuqapha inhlabathi ukuze ivuleke, ngokwanele imanzi futhi ngaphandle kokhula.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala utamatisi ensimini evulekile kuyisigaba esibalulekile futhi esibalulekile, ngoba ikhwalithi kanye nenani lezitshalo zotamatisi lizoxhomeka ekutshaleni okulungile kwezithombo. Utamatisi ungatshalwa endaweni yokushisa, okubangela ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwesitshalo, nasemhlabathini ovulekile.
Isikhathi esiphezulu nesibonelo sokufika
Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zamatamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile, udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngesonto ngaphambi kokutshala, ungenza isisombululo esishisayo sethusi sulfate kusayithi, njengokwelashwa izinambuzane. Futhi nje kuphela ukutshala inhlabathi ngamaminerali amaminerali kanye organic. 10 kg we-humus, isigamu ibhakede lezinkuni umlotha kanye no-50-70 g we-superphosphate zengezwe kumitha eyodwa yesikwele. Bese ubamba isayithi. Kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo lapho ama-saplings afinyelela okungenani ama-25 cm ukuphakama futhi uhlelo lwazo lwempande luthuthukile ngokwanele. Utamatisi atshalwe emithonjeni ehlukene, lapho amanzi amancane athululelwa ngaphambili. Uhlelo lokutshala olutuswa lwamatamatisi lungama-50 x 40 cm. 
Ngemuva kwalokho yiziphi izitshalo ezitshalwe kahle
Utamatisi ukhule kahle emhlabathini owumile owenza kancane kancane noma ohlangene ngokuphelele. Ubuningi be-asidi bomhlabathi wezitamatisi ezikhulayo "I-Novice" ngu-6.0-6.7. Kunconywa ukutshala utamatisi emva kwezitshalo ezifana namakhukhamba, anyanisi, amazambane, zucchini, izaqathe, ithanga; akusifisi ukutshala utamatisi emibhedeni lapho isitshalo seqanda, i-pepper, i-physalis noma itamatisi efanayo ekhula ngonyaka odlule.
Ukunakekela utamatisi ngenqubo yokukhula
Noma yisiphi isitshalo, uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno esivulekile, udinga ukunakekelwa: amanzi, ukondla uphinde ukhulule inhlabathi, ukhula nokhula.
Ukunisela nokudla umhlabathi
Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo, utamatisi we-Novice udinga ukuphuza nokufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali amaminerali nama-organic. U-thermophilic, uthanda umswakama nokukhanya kwelanga. Lesi sitshalo sibhekene nokungabi nomswakama, kepha ukunyuka kwamanzi okumningi kuyamlimaza, ikakhulukazi uma kubanda ngaphandle. Esikhathini esomile neshisayo, utamatisi kufanele ukutshala zonke izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, futhi okuhle kakhulu kusihlwa. Kusihlwa ungaphinda uphefe izitshalo. Ukunisela kubaluleke kakhulu ezinsukwini zakuqala zezithelo zokuvuthwa nokubunjwa kwama-ovari.
Kubalulekile! Uma izitshalo zingenawo umswakama okwanele, khona-ke ukubola kwe-ovary nezimbali kuzobonisa lokhu.Ukuqothula ngemifino yamaminerali akufanele kube okwanele ukuba umlotha kanye namagobolondo amaqanda omhlabathi, ahlakazekile ezungeze izihlahla zezitshalo futhi athulule amanzi amaningi. Utamatisi nawo aniselwa ngamanzi ngekhambi lomquba wezinkukhu. Ukugqugquzela izitshalo eziqhakazayo zifuthwe ngesisombululo se-boric acid (2 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ukutshala izimbiwa zamaminerali kanye nama-organic fertilizer ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kufanele kushintshwe.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Inqubo yokutshala utamatisi akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhipha imibhede, ukususa ukhula, nokukhulula inhlabathi. Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo kufanele ihlale ikhululekile. Okungenani kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, futhi kangcono - emva kokunisela ngamunye kunconywa ukukhipha imigqa. Emasontweni amabili noma amathathu okuqala ngemuva kokutshala, izithombo zikhululiwe ekujuleni kwe-10-12 cm, bese kuthi ku-5-8 cm ukujula, ukuze kungalimazi izimpande. Ukukhululeka kwenziwa ngokubambisana ne-weeding.
Utamatisi uhlaza garter
Hlanganisa amahlumela omatamatisi, ngamunye ngokwehlukana emagcekeni, noma ukwakha i-trellis. Izisekelo ze-Garter zisehlangothini olusentshonalanga noma enyakatho. Ibanga ukusuka ekusekelweni ukuya ehlathini kufanele kube khona endaweni engaba ngu-10 cm. Hlanganisa izitshalo ngezigqoko, uthathe imichilo, noma ngentambo eluhlaza, kanti isiqu singenakunakwa ngokuqinile.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa nokukhishwa kwezithelo
Lezi zihlukahlukene zingokuvuthwa kokuqala. Ngokwesilinganiso, utamatisi "i-Novice" uvuthwe kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-110 kuya kwezingu-125 kusukela kuhlumela lokuqala. Futhi uma ubala isikhathi kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo emhlabathini, isikhathi sokuvuthwa sizofika ezinyangeni ezimbili.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaTamatisi "I-Novice"
6-7 amahlumela atshalwe ngamamitha ayi-square (ene-50 x 40 cm). Ngokwesilinganiso, kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungathola cishe 2-2.2 kg utamatisi. Kungenzeka ukuqoqa kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-15 kg wekhwalithi eliphakeme, ukumelana nezithelo ezingaphezulu kokuvuthwa nokuqhekeka kusuka emitha yemitha eyodwa yenhlabathi.
Uyazi? Ama-utamatisi ayebhekwa njengengenakulinganiswa, ngisho enobuthi isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi abalimi baseYurophu bakhula njengesihlahla esihlotshiswe ngomhlobiso. Futhi ngemva nje kuka-1822, uColonel Robert Gibbon Johnson wadla ibhakede lomphakathi lamatamatisi ezinyathelweni zenkantolo edolobheni laseSalem, lo utamatisi waqala ukuthandwa ngokushesha.Njengoba uyeke ukukhetha kuleli banga lezotamatisi, kuzo zonke izindlela uzokwaneliseka, i-Novice ihluke emazweni onke, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukuthanda izinto ezinhle kanye nokugqoka.
