U-Oleander uyisitshalo esivame ukuluhlaza somndeni we-kutrov. It has izimbali ezinhle elikhanyayo imibala ehlukahlukene kanye namaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza amancane. Kunezinkondlo eziningi ezihlobene nalommeleli wezitshalo, izibonakaliso zomuntu nezinkolelo-ze. Naphezu kobuhlungu be-shrub, ema-subtropics kusetshenziselwa kabanzi ekudalweni kwezwe. Ekhaya, i-oleander yangaphakathi ijwayele ukutshala.
Oleander ukunakekelwa evamile
U-Oleander akazithobeki ekunakekeleni, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi yi-shrub esheshayo ekhulayo, ekhuphuka ibe yi-2 m ukuphakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomphunga oqinile.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukubeka le mibhobho egumbini elivulekile, elikhanyayo, elinomoya omuhle ngaphandle kwemidwebo.
Ukukhanyisa nokushisa
Kusukela ezimweni zemvelo i-oleander ikhula esimweni sezulu esishisayo ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile, ukuze ikhule i-oleander ekhaya, kufanele inikezwe ngokukhanya okuningi. Kufanelekile ukufakwa kumafasitela eningizimu. Ebusika, esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni futhi uma siswe kumafasitela asenyakatho, udinga ukunakekelwa kokukhanyisa okungeziwe ngezibani ze-fluorescent. Uma kungenjalo, amahlamvu amahlumela e-shrub.
Gcina izinga lokushisa lomoya kusuka ku-20-27 ° С ngenkathi ekhulayo kanye nezimbali (entwasahlobo - ehlobo), ngo-September kancane kancane kwehlisa izinga lokushisa kuya ku-18 ° С bese kufika ku-15 ° С. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula (ubusika) besitshalo, usethe izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi + 8-15 ° С. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, khulisa kancane kancane.
Ukunisela nokuphalaza
Entwasahlobo nehlobo, i-oleander idinga kakhulu futhi njalo (ngokushesha nje lapho isisindo siphelile) ukuchelela. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo ikakhulukazi kuvunyelwe ukushiya amanzi epanini. Spray isitshalo akudingekile.
Ebusika, izimpande ze-shrub zithatha umswakama kahle, ngakho-ke kufanele uzincishe izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuthi ibhola le-substrate ibomile. Uma umoya ugcwele ngokweqile ngenxa yokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphefute i-oleander, ngaphandle kwalokho amathiphu amaqabunga azooma.
Kubalulekile! Ukunisela nokupuniza, sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile, ahlukene, alula, 2-3 ° C ngaphezu kokushisa kwamahhala. Kodwa ungabilisi - ukuchelela ngamanzi abilisiwe kuzoholela ekwenzeni i-acidification yenhlabathi nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Umanyolo kanye nezihlahla
Umanyolo usetshenziswa njalo emavikini amabili kusukela phakathi nonyaka kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Sebenzisa ama-fertilizer ehlukile kanye nezixakile zezimila zezimbali. Yondla ngezinsuku ezipholile, ezinamafu uhhafu yehora ngemuva kokuphuza. Ekwindla nasebusika abaceli.
Njengoba izimbali zakhiwa kuphela kumahlumela ezinyaka, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi nini futhi nini ukusika isikhukhula ekhaya. Ukuchitha izihlahla emva kokugubha isitshalo (ngokuvamile engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo). Amagatsha kufanele ahlukaniswe ngesigamu noma ngisho no-2/3 ubude.
Uyazi? Kunemibono yokuthi i-oleander ihlanza indlu, ithola amandla angenamandla, iyasiza ukwenza izinqumo ezinenzuzo futhi ivuse amandla omuntu wangaphakathi, futhi imihlobiso efana ne-flower oleander inezimfanelo zemilingo futhi ifake ekufezeni imigomo.
Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi nokufakelwa kabusha
Inhlabathi ye-oleander kufanele isulwe, i-loamy (~ 6 pH). Kungcono ukuthi i-substrate ibe neshlabathi, i-peat, i-humus, i-leaf kanye ne-sod ezweni ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 1: 1: 1: 2. Ungangeza uphondo lwe-chips.
Kufanelekile ukutshala kabusha ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Izitshalo ezincane zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka ezinkomeni ezincane. Ukuvuthwa - njengoba umhlaba uhlanganiswa ne-comedy eartha (njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3). Ngaphambi kokuba i-oleander ishintshwe, izimpande zayo zifinyeziwe kakhulu, izigaba ziphathwa ngamalahle, futhi isifuba sobumba sinciphisa kancane. Uma lesi sitshalo sibe sikhulu kakhulu ukuba singene, ungamane ususe indawo ephakemeyo.
Oleander ebusika
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ubusika be-oleander ezingeni lokushisa alikho ngaphezu kuka-15 ° C, kodwa kudinga ukukhanya okuhle. Uma lesi sitshalo singatholi ukukhanya okwanele, kungenzeka ukuthi asiqhakaze ehlobo, noma senze kabusha amahlamvu ngokuphelele. Ukunisela kufanele kuncishiswe, kodwa ukupompa ngamanzi afudumele kuvunyelwe kumswakama ophansi. Izitshalo azifakisi.
Ukuqapha ekunakekeleni isihlahla
Njengoba i-oleander ijusi iqukethe ama-glycosides enhliziyo, isitshalo esinobuthi, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukungayinaki ukuphepha lapho ihlangana nayo. Ungavumeli ijusi emagqumeni amancane, ukuvula amanxeba, amehlo. Ngemuva kokushiya noma ukuxhumana nesitshalo, qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho ngeSepha kanye namanzi. Sebenzisa amaglavu uma uguqula futhi usika. Kubuye kube yingozi ukuhlala eduze nesikhukhula sesikhathi eside, futhi ngisho nokunye ukuchitha ubusuku naye ekamelweni elifanayo: awukwazi nje ukuhola ikhanda, kodwa futhi uthole ubuthi ngephunga. Kungcono ukuthi ungaqala i-oleander endlini lapho kunezingane khona.
Uyazi? Izimpawu ze-oleander poisoning zihlanganisa abafundi abahlanjululwayo, i-pulse esheshayo, isiyaluyalu, isizungu nokuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu kanye nesifo sohudo (igazi), khona-ke ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyancipha, kuphenduka ngokungavamile, ukwehla kwamandla, kulandelwa ukuboshwa komzimba nokuphefumula.
Ukukhiqizwa kwekamelo lokulala
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-oleander kungenziwa nge-cuttings, izakhiwo zomoya noma imbewu.
Cuttings
Ukusika kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ukusika kwe-apical, okungenayo i-lignified kunqunywa ku-10-15 cm ubude, ukusika kuphathwa ngamalahle, bese kumiswa. Umsuka kufanele ube se-perlite ngokungezwa kwesihlabathi namalahle. Futhi isihlabathi namalahle afafaza izimpande zempande. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayiyomanzi kakhulu. Ama-shanks adinga ukukhanya okuhle nokushisa kwe-air ngaphakathi + 18-20 ° C.
Izitshalo zingathatha izimpande emanzini ngokufaka amalahle achotshoziwe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20-30, izimpande zizovela, futhi kuzokwenzeka ukufakelwa i-oleander ibe yincinjana (cishe ngo-8 cm ububanzi).
Izakhiwo ze-Air
Uma unquma ukusebenzisa le ndlela yokukhiqiza i-oleander, bese wenza ekwakheni izicucu zegatsha 2 kude no 2-3 mm bese ususa isikhumba sesikhumba. Beka inqwaba enhlabathini enomanzi noma isitsha samanzi. Ngemuva kokuthi izimpande zivele zihlukanise ngokucophelela izingqimba ezivela esitshalweni somama bese uzihlwanyela emhlabathini.
Imbewu
Njengoba lesi shrub sinokuhluma okuphansi, kubalulekile ukutshala imbewu ye-oleander ngemva kokuvuna. Imbewu ilandelwa kuqala: ifakwe imizuzu engama-30 kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, bese ihora i-stimulator yokukhula. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kakhulu enhlabathini enomswakama enesihlabathi, i-vermiculite namalahle. Amathangi agcinwe endaweni efudumele (+ 32-35 ° C).
Ngemuva kokuba izithombo zihlume, zidinga ukukhanyiswa ngezibani ze-fluorescent, zinikeze umswakama wehlabathi owandayo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zivela. Lapho kuqala amahlamvu 2-3, izithombo ziqala ukuzivumelanisa nezimo lapho izitshalo ezindala ziqukethe khona; emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angu-4-5, bawela emagcekeni ahlukene. Njengoba ukusakazwa kwembewu ngezimpawu ezihlukahlukene kungadluliselwa, le ndlela ayithandwayo.
Ukuphulukisa izindawo ze-oleander
I-Oleander yisitshalo somuthi, ngoba amaqabunga ayo nezimbali aqukethe izinto eziningana ezisebenzayo, ezinamandla - flavonoids, i-cornerin, i-digitalin, i-oleandrin, i-ursolic acid ne-saponin carobin. Zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-circulatory failure І and ІІ degree, ukuhlela, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukuthuthukisa ingculazi.
Izinambuzane ezikhona ze-oleander ezivamile nezindlela zokubhekana nazo
I-Oleander ivame ukuthinteka yi-red spider mite, i-mealybug, ne-shieldweed.
Inhlekelele eyingozi kunazo zonke izinambuzane ze-oleander yi-spider mite. Umbukiso omncane ufakazela ukunqotshwa kwalesi sitshalo ngawo, amaqabunga abheka imabula, aphenduke futhi aphule. Ukulwa nale nkathazo, kuyadingeka ukususa wonke amaqabunga abathintekayo, bese usula isiphuzo sesephu noma utshwala oqukethe utshwala bese ufaka umgodi ngaphansi kweshaji eshisayo (+ 50 ° C). Ezimweni ezimbi, isisombululo se-0.15% samakhemikhali akhethekile, njenge-Aktellika, sisetshenziswa.
Uma ubona i-wax ethize emaceleni amaqabunga afana ne-powder amahle, amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi bese ewa, futhi ezimbali i-honeydew, i-oleander ihlukunyezwa yi-mealybug. Ukuliqeda, udinga ukusula izingxenye ezonakele zesitshalo utshwala noma uphethiloli noma ususe. Ukuze uthole umzabalazo, ungasebenzisa futhi isitha semvelo se-worm mealy - u-ladybird. Ukulwa nesimo esibi se-lesion kwenziwa ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali.
Ukukhishwa okunamandla ku-oleander kuyisibonakaliso sokulimala esihlangu sakhe. Amaqabunga aphuzi, ahlanganiswe ne-sweet substance. Ukuze ususe le nambuzane, izindlela ezifanayo zisetshenziselwa ukulwa nesilinganiso se-mealy (ngaphandle kwabesifazane besifazane).
I-Oleander iyisitshalo esinobuthi, kodwa sokuphulukisa futhi esihle kakhulu. Ungakwazi ukukukhulela kalula efulethini lakho uma ulandela wonke amathiphu angenhla ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani, wande futhi uvikele i-oleander. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nezinyathelo zokuqapha, futhi lesi sihlahla sizokunika imizwelo emihle kuphela.
