Isitshalo seqanda esikhulayo

Indlela yokukhulisa ama-eggplants ku-greenhouse

Ama-eggplants kukhona izitshalo ezingenasisekelo, azibekezeli ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Kodwa ungakhulila endaweni yokushisa. Into esemqoka - ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele, utshale izithombo zazo futhi unakekele kahle.

Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zokulima ukushisa

Ukuze kusetshenziswe ukutshalwa kwe-greenhouse okudingekayo, okokuqala, ukhethe izinhlobo ezifunayo. Isitshalo seqanda sisifushane, side kakhulu futhi side. Ukukhula okuphezulu kakhulu kunobuningi, baletha isivuno esihle, kodwa akufanelekele ukuqoqa imbewu.

Ngokusho kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa, ama-eggplants ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:

  • Ukuvuna okuvuna kuqala emva kwezinyanga ezingu 3.5 emva kokutshala.
  • Mid-season - kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-4.
  • Ukuhamba kwesikhathi - izinsuku ezingu-130.

Izinhlobo zakuqala neziphansi zifaneleka kangcono ukutshala ngaphandle; izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo eziphakeme zifanelekile zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo. Uma indlu yakho yokushisa ishushu, ama-eggplants azozizwa ekhululekile uma ekhula, futhi ukunakekelwa kulolu hlobo lokushisa lulula. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ezihlolwe ngabathandi abaningi be-blue kukhona i-Sperm Whale, i-Robin Hood, uDon Quixote, i-Pink Flamingo ne-Helios.

Uyazi? Izakhamuzi zedolobha lasePalermo ngesikhathi sehlobo zihlela umkhosi wabapheki abapheka izitsha ze-isitshalo seqanda. Uma kungenakwanele ukuba usebenzise kuphela ama-buds enambitha - wamukelekile emhlanganweni owazinikezelwe kulo mkhumbi.

Lapho ukhetha ukuhlukahluka kwesitshalo seqanda lakho, bheka ezinye izinto ezimbalwa:

  • Izimo zezulu zendawo kanye nezindawo zokugcina izithombo;
  • Uhlobo lokushisa (ukushisa noma cha)
  • Ngakanani inani lokuvuna olilindeleyo;
  • Ukuzivikela okungafani nezifo.

Indlela yokulungisa umhlabathi wokutshala isitshalo seqanda

Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokutshala ama-eggplant esiteshini sokushisa, noma kunalokho ekwindla, kubalulekile ukuhlanza inhlabathi ezindaweni ezomile zezitshalo. Qinisekisa ukwenza kabili ukuchelela okuhle. Zonke umquba ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela kwangaphambili zizohlala emanzini.

Umanyolo wokufaka

Inhlabathi ehlanzekile idinga ukukhulelwa. Kunconywa ukuthi ungeze ama-humus phezulu. Ukuqeda isikhathi, kuyogcwala inhlabathi nge-oksijeni, yenza isakhiwo saso sikhululeke futhi sisuse ama-acidity amaningi. Abanye balimi ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-humus benza umlotha. Lokhu akufanele kwenziwe, umlotha uhle njengomanyolo ozimele, futhi ngenxa yale nhlanganisela yenhlabathi i-nitrogen iyanyamalala.

Kuyathakazelisa Abafundi be-Air Force University baseTurkey bathola i-oil absorbent. Umquba owenziwe ngama-eggplants waba yinto ekwazi ukuhlanza amanzi emathini amafutha.

I-Land disinfection

Ukuze kuvikelwe izifo emhlabathini we-eggplant ku-greenhouse kumele kube ne-disinfected. Namuhla kunezindlela ezingu-3 zokungasebenzi nge-disinfection: ezishisayo, eziphilayo kanye namakhemikhali. Indlela yokushisa iwukuba ukwelapha phezulu phezulu ngamanzi abilayo noma umusi oshisayo. Umhlabathi wamabhokisi anezimbewu uphethwe esithandweni somlilo esitini, kepha kukhona ingozi yokushisa, bese kuthi amabhaktheriya anenzuzo azofa emhlabathini.

Indlela yokuphila ithatha isikhathi nokusebenza, kodwa kusebenza kakhulu. Ingqimba engenhla yenhlabathi esebenzele iminyaka eminingana isuswe futhi iswekwe nge-slurry. Umhlabathi omuncu uphathwa nge-lime. Iminyaka emibili, izendatshana ezinamathele ezinjalo ziyamangala kanye nezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukhula oluhlwanyelwe kumele lususwe.

Lapho indlela yamakhemikhali yocansi ngalinye le-20-cm yenhlabathi yenza i-bleach eyomile, i-leveling yayo. Ungasebenzisa i-formalin. Ngamitha engama-250 ml we-40% yezidakamizwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Inhlabathi ephathwayo igcwele ifilimu ngosuku. Ngemuva kokumisa, ngena ngaphakathi.

Indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-eggplant, izithombo ezikhulayo

Ama-eggplant awayithandi ukufakelwa kwezitshalo, ngokukhula nokukhathalela ngaphandle kwezinkinga, zihlume izithombo ezivela ezilwaneni ngokwazo. Hlwanyela imbewu cishe izinsuku ezingama-70 ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini. Lena yingxenye yesibili ka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ukuqondiswa yisimo sezulu esifundeni sakho kanye nohlobo lwe-greenhouse. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuthi umoya oshisayo kufanele uphiswe kuze kube ngu-17-19 ° С, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe yi-15 ° С.

Imbewu ifakwe kwisisombululo sama-manganese imizuzu engu-20, bese isomisiwe. Lungisa inhlabathi: hlanganisa inhlabathi ye-turf, ishlabathi nesi-humus ku-6: 1: 4. Ungangezela umquba kusuka ku-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Izinsuku ezingu-5 ngaphambi kokutshala inhlabathi kufanele zihanjiswe kahle. Ukuze ungahlukumezi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokufakelwa, imbewu yokutshala ezinkomeni ze-peat. Uma ubukhulu bekhobe buvumela, hlwayela imbewu encane, ushiye ihlumela eliqine kakhulu.

Indlela yokutshala izithombo endaweni yokushisa

Gcwalisa umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala, wenze izimbobo ezinama-20 cm ejulile. Thela ama-2 amalitha amanzi agcwele ama-manganese emthonjeni ngamunye. Emgodini, wehlisa ingilazi ngezithombo, ufafaze umhlaba, uhlanganise futhi uthule ngamanzi afudumele. Isikimu sokuhlala sikhona kanje: ububanzi phakathi kwemigqa - 60 cm, phakathi kwehlathi - 30 cm. Endabeni lapho izithombo zingakhulumi endebeni, zisuse esitsheni ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Zama ukungalimazi izimpande ezintekenteke, ungaguquli emhlabathini, u-1 cm uwanele. Fafaza ngesilayidi, ubeke kahle.

Indlela yokunakekela isitshalo seqanda

Umbuzo wendlela yokunakekela ama-eggplants ku-greenhouse yinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zitshalo ziyakuthanda umswakama emhlabathini, kodwa ungabekezeleli umoya omanzi kakhulu; zikhululekile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kodwa uma zidlula - ziyafa.

Kuvame kangakanani ukuphuza izithombo

Ukufeza umphumela wenhlabathi enomswakama onomoya ophansi omswakama, kunconywa ukuba uchithe lesi sitshalo ekuseni, uhlanganise inhlabathi (utshani) futhi uvuselele ukushisa. Ukuphuza kokuqala kwenziwa ngosuku 5 emva kokutshala. Udinga ukucwilisa amanzi angaba ngu-20 cm wezingqimba eziphezulu zenhlabathi, amanzi ngaphansi kwempande, umswakama akufanele uwele emaqabunga. Ngemuva kwesigamu sosuku, yenza u-3-5 cm ukuze kungabikho ukwanda. Ngokulandelayo, bukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukuze ungadluli umhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo ziyoba zincane futhi zingenakwenzeka.

Kufanele kube ukushisa komoya

Umbuso wokushisa ku-greenhouse usezingeni eliphakathi kuka-25 kuya ku-28 ° C. Ukushisa okungaphansi kwe-14 ° C kuzomisa ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwamaqabunga, ngaphezu kuka 34 ° C - izoshisa isitshalo. Ukuze ulawule izinga lokushisa, thola ama-thermometers amabili we-greenhouse: enye yezinga eliphezulu lesitshalo, enye isondele eduze kwezimpande. Ukuze unciphise ukushisa, ventilate kaningi, manzi amathrekhi ku-greenhouse ngamanzi.

Izinsisekelo zokudla ama-eggplants

Isitshalo seqanda sokuqala senziwa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili emva kokufakelwa kabusha. Ukondla, thatha 3 tbsp. l "Azofoski" ngo-10 amalitha amanzi. Thela isigamu ilitha ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Ngemuva kwesibeletho sesithelo, yondla ukumnika okuncane (1:10) noma ukumnika ukhula (1: 5). Phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kwesithelo kungasetshenziselwa izixazululo ze-eggplants "Ovary" noma "Bud."

Kubalulekile! I-Perekorom engokwemvelo izonikeza ukuthuthukiswa kobudlova kwamaqabunga neziqu, futhi ukukhula kwezithelo kuyashesha. Uma uqaphela ukuthi ubukhulu obuhlaza bukhuphukile, hamba kumanyolo we-potash.

Ukwakha isihlahla nokuhlanganisa

Ama-eggplants afika esigabeni sokugcina sokulima, futhi unakekele ekushiseni okushisa ukusiza amahlumela amaningi. Kubalulekile ukwakha isihlahla ukuze uthole isivuno esengeziwe.

Izimila zinyathelisa ingxenye engaphezulu ukuze zithuthukise kangcono amahlumela e-lateral. Shiya okunamandla kakhulu kulawa amahlumela, phinda konke okunye. Okulandelayo, bheka ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo. Kusho ngaphandle kwezithelo ama-ovaries, ususe okufanayo namaqabunga omile noma aphuzi kanye nezithelo ezibolile. Ukuthuthukiswa mahhala kwesitshalo kuhlanganiswe ezisekelweni.

Ukunakekelwa kwama-eggplants ku-greenhouse polycarbonate, kuphakanyiswa ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezikhulile ezikhulayo noma nzalo. Zikhiqiza kakhulu futhi zingatholakali nezifo. Iziqu zezinhlobonhlobo zemifino (ezihlukahlukene zeBegemot F1) ziyi-2 m ubude futhi azikwazi ukuboshwa ngaphandle kwe-garter. Kubo bafaka izigxobo bese bezibopha ngamathebhu endwangu. Ngamunye ubalekele ngokwehlukana ukuvimbela ukuqina.

Qaphela! Amagatsha we-isitshalo seqanda asuke ebuthakathaka kakhulu, lapho ehlanganisa ukusekelwa, qaphela futhi uqaphele.

Ukuqoqwa kwama-eggplants abamba ukushisa nokugcina kwabo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokukhulisa ama-eggplants ku-greenhouse, udinga ukwazi ukuthi uzowaqoqa nini. Izinsuku ezingu-30-40 emva kokuqhakaza, i-peel iba yi-glossy, futhi ama-eggplants angavunwa. Sika isithelo ngamasheya, ushiye u-2 cm we-stem. Ungagcina cishe inyanga, ugoqwe ephepheni noma utshani ngomlotha futhi uphonswe emabhokisini, ufake endaweni epholile eyomile. Kodwa kungcono ukuwalungiselela ubusika. Kunezinketho eziningi lapha. Sika zibe yizicucu bese usomile, yenza i-caviar futhi ugcine. Ungakwazi ukucwenga, ukupheka noma ukugcina ngendlela yama-saladi noma i-adjika. Isikhathi esithile ungagcina ama-eggplants esiqandisini, kodwa asheshe futhi abonakale.

Ukubheka imithetho elula yokuhlwanyela nokukhathalela, ungajabulela ngokugcwele isivuno esihle samaqabunga asakhula ngokuzimela.