Hlwanyela i-thistle ingomunye wokhula ohlala njalo, okulula kakhulu ukuqeda. Akuvamile ukuthi kuphakame umbuzo - lapho inhlabathi ihlwanyela khona, ngoba ikhula kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi, kodwa ikhetha i-chernozem enomsoco, okuyinto okunzima ukuyisusa. Iqiniso lokuthi inhlanzi enjalo nokuthi indlela enobungozi inokhula ngayo, hhayi ngezwi lokuzwa, wonke umnikazi we-cottage noma ingadi, ngoba ngokuvamile kufanele asebenze naye umzabalazo omude nobuhlungu. Sizojwayelana futhi sizofunda ngokuningiliziwe ngezinhlanzi nezinhlobonhlobo zalokhu kukhula, futhi sifunde indlela yokubhubhisa inhlanzi ensimini.
Incazelo kanye nezinhlobo ze-crap
I-Osote - okuhlala isikhathi eside, okungajwayelekile - imifino yaminyaka yonke yomndeni we-Astrov enokuphakama kwe-0.5-1.7 m. Uhlelo lwempande lunamandla, lukhulu kakhulu oluqondiswayo. Izinhlanzi zivamile cishe yonke indawo ezwekazini lase-Eurasia. Izitshalo zihluma ngezingxenye ezingenalutho ezingenagatsha zombili zombili ziqondile futhi zifakwe ngamagatsha, ngokuvamile ziyakhipha izinwele ngezinwele. Amagqabunga ebalahle obala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamagqabha aphefumulayo, umgqa ophansi wamaqabunga uphambana uphinde udlule ungene esihlahleni. Izimbali zincane, umhlanga, ifomu amabhasikidi, ezungezwe ukumbozwa kobunjwa obuhlukahlukene. I-blossom ekhanda kusukela ephakathi kwehlobo kuze kufike ekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna isithelo esitshalweni - umbala obomvu, i-achene, ne-tuft epholile emhlophe.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu yesikhukhula ewile phansi enhlabathini, iyakwazi ukugcina ukuhluma kwayo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, inikeza ithuba lokutshala izitshalo ezintsha ngokuqala kwezimo ezincane kakhulu.
Hlwanyela inhlanzi
Hlwanyela i-thistle noma iphuzi - yimizuzu eyi-1.5-1.7 emisiwe. Ubude be-taproot esemqoka bungaba ngu-3-4 m ubude, futhi izimpande ze-lateral ezikhulayo esiqondeni esingezansi zingaba ngamamitha ayi-1 ubude. Izitshalo ze-thistle zensimu ziyize, zingenalutho, zihlanganiswe phezulu, zifakwe amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-peduncles ishicilela kakhulu ngezinwele ezi-spiny. Izimbali zombala ophuzi okhanyayo yibhasikidi ene-jug wrapper, eyenza i-inflorescence efana ne-panicle. Imbali yokuhlwanyela ibukeka njengembali le-dandelion, njalo ungabona izinyosi ezikuyo, ezisebenzisa isitshalo njengenye yezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu. Ukuhlwanyela inhlanzi ngokuvamile ikhula ezindaweni ezingenalutho, amabhange emifula nemifino yemifino, izinyathelo ezikhona zokulwa nazo zidla isikhathi esiningi, kepha sizozitshela zona emva kwesikhathi.
IJalimani uhlwanyela inhlanzi
Ukuhlwanyela izingadi - unyaka obunotshani obunamaphesenti angu-0.4-1 kanye neziqu ezingenalutho eziqinile. Amaqabunga ahlanjululwa ngophelo olucacile futhi ahlukene-aphihliwe, afinyelele ekuthinteni uma kuqhathaniswa namaqabunga endle yokuhlwanyela insimu. Amaqabunga phezulu ehlumela ama-ssile, futhi ngezansi atholakala e-petiole enamaphiko. Amabhasikidi wombala ophuzi okhanyayo mkhulu, anebubanzi obufinyelela ku-35 mm. Kodwa, ngokungafani nensimu, bakha i-inflorescence engavamile kakhulu. Imbewu ye-osota yensimu - umbala obomvu ogcwele umbala onobuchopho obumnyama. Lesi sitshalo singatholakala emigodini, eduze kwemifula, emasimini nasezindaweni zasekhishini.
Uyazi? Kuze kube ngu-130 kg uju kungathathwa kusuka ku-1 hektare yokutshala komuthi.
Hlwanyela inhlanzi
I-Grungy yokuhlwanyela-i-thistle yonyaka onotshani onokuphakama kwe-0.7-1 m ngeziqu eziqondile. Amagqabunga alandelayo anzima aqinile, futhi angacwilwanga kancane, futhi ashintshwe kuze kufike ku-15 cm ubude ngamaphethelo abukhali, lapho kutholakala khona izimpondo. Amaqabunga aphezulu ahlala emahlumela ngama-base basal bases, basal - ahlukaniswe ngamapulati enamaphiko. I-peduncle bese ugoqa uboshwe izinwele ezikhanda. Ku-snap ebusika ekwindla, iziqu nezimpande ezisemkhatsini wamaqabunga e-thistle ehlwanyelayo ziba ngumbala obomvu-violet. Isithelo yi-achene ebushelelezi ne-tuft emhlophe. Ikhula emasimini nemifino yemifino, emasimini nasemigwaqweni.
Izinzuzo kanye nokulimala kwesikhukhula ensimini
Ebhekene ne-thistle yokuhlwanyela ensimini yabo, wonke umuntu uqala ukucabanga ukuthi angasusa kanjani inhlanzi yokuhlwanyela, ngoba umonakalo walokhu ukhula lukhulu kakhulu. Ukuhlwanyela inhlanzi, okokuqala, isimenywa esingathandeki esihlalweni segadini, esikhula ngokushesha futhi sichitha noma yikuphi isitshalo esitshaliwe esikhula eduze, ukudweba umswakama kanye nezakhi zomhlabathi. Ngaphandle kokufa kwezitshalo nokuvunwa, inhlanzi yokuhlwanyela inciphisa kakhulu umhlabathi, ngakho-ke, lapho ukubukeka kwalokhu kukhula kungabonakala khona, umlimi wensimu kufanele anqume ukuthi angathatha kanjani insimu yokuhlwanyela ensimini yemifino futhi akwenze ngokushesha.
Kodwa-ke, lolu lokhula luletha izinzuzo - lunikezwa ukudla amadlobi asekhaya, kanti iziqephu eziningi zokuhlwanyela izinhlanzi, njenge-aphid, ngokuvamile zidla ngezinhlanzi ezihlwanyelayo, ukuhlwanyela izicubu zicebile kumaminerali, okuzosiza ekucebiseni inhlabathi uma isetshenziswe njengomquba noma umquba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga amancane adliwa - enza itiye, amasaladi noma iklabishi isobho, kanye nezimpande ezibilisiwe esikhundleni se-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Abahlengikazi basebenzisa ama-decoctions kanye nama-osote ekwelapheni kwezifo ezithile.
Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyini inzuzo le sitshalo, ayikho indawo ensimini, futhi ukulwa nokuhlwanyela insimu ensimini akufanele kuhlehliswe isikhathi eside.
Kubalulekile! I-sapling ihlanganisa izinto ezinobuthi, kuyilapho kusebenza nalokhu ukhula kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele abantu abanezimo eziphuthumayo.
Indlela yokubhekana nokuduma ensimini
Njengoba amahlumela okuhlwanyela asakazwa kokubili ngembewu kanye nemifino, umbuzo wokuthi ungathola kanjani ukuhlwanyela ukuhlwanyela ngaphandle kwensimu kuze kube phakade kuba yiphuthumayo kakhulu phakathi kwabanikazi beziqephu. Iqiniso elibalulekile ikhono lokuvimbela ukhula ukuqala amahlumela amancane kusuka empandeni ngayinye ohlelweni lwempande elimele - lesi sici sidinga inhlangano yokulwa nokunciphisa izimpande ze-thistle yokuhlwanyela. Izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zingahlukaniswa: indlela yokukhipha inhlanzi yokuhlwanyela ensimini: imishini, amakhemikhali kanye nabantu.
Ukususwa kokhula kwamakhila
Ukukhishwa kwama-sapwood amahlumela amancane kuhlanganisa ukukhipha okuvela emhlabathini, kuphakanyiswa ukuba uwenze emhlabathini owomile noma ngosizo lwe-chopper ukumba isitshalo emhlabathini ukuze ugweme ukuphumula bese ushiya impande emhlabathini. Izihlahla ezinamandla ezinamandla nezimpande zawo zidinga ukucwiliswa ngokujulile, zanyakaze phansi futhi zikhishwe izimpande ezitholiwe, ukukhishwa okukodwa ngeke kwanele, futhi kuzodingeka uphinde le nqubo emavikini angu-2-3.
Indlela yokuqeda izidakamizwa ngezindlela zamakhemikhali
Imboni yamakhemikhali isiye yakhathalela isikhathi eside ukulimala kwabalimi nabalimi, kudala ukwelashwa okunjalo njenge Umsebenzi, Glyfovit, Antiburyan, Lontrel, Chistopol kanye nabanye. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ekulwa nokuduma kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandelana ngokuqinile neziyalezo ezidakamizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuzivikela. Le ndlela yokulwa nayo inomthelela omkhulu - ukubulala ukhula kungaba nethonya elilimazayo ezitshalweni zensimu futhi kungcolise umhlabathi, okunconywa ukuba uphathwe kuphela emva kokuhlukaniswa okuphelele kwamakhemikhali.
Izindlela zomphakathi ngokumelene nokuduma
Isikhathi eside sokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo kuzokutshela indlela yokubhekana ngokuphumelelayo nenhlanzi ngezindlela ezidumile:
- Ukufafazwa kwe-sediment ne-diesel, okuyothi, emva kokwelashwa, iyokoma futhi ife, into esemqoka akuvumelekile ukuvumela i-kerosene ukuba ifinyelele ezitshalweni zomhlabathi nezitshalwe;
- Ukusika kwezimpande ezincane ezithinta izinhlanzi ezincane zesikhukhula kuzokwenza buthaka isitshalo, esizofa maduzane;
- imiphumela emihle itholakala ngokutshala izimbambo, okuzokondla izitshalo zensimu nokunciphisa izimpande zenhlanzi;
- Uma i-blossom i-thistle, kubalulekile ukuphuka noma ukusika isisekelo esiyisisekelo, ukuvimbela imbewu ukuba ivuthwe futhi isakazeke.
Uyazi? Izimpande ze-thistle eziphukile ziyakwazi ukululama ngokugcwele ngaphakathi kwamasonto amabili.
Izenzo zokuvimbela: ukuthi unganiki ukulimaza ukuze ungene engadini yakho
Njengoba kunzima futhi kudla isikhathi esiningi ukulwa nenhlanzi ensimini, kungcono ukuvimbela okwenzekayo engadini. Ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu emnyama ye-polyethylene, okuyiyo ekwindla ihlanganisa indawo ehlwanyelwe yensimu yemifino ngangokunokwenzeka ekwindla, ukuyicindezela ngamatshe, iphumelele ngokuphumelelayo. Le ndlela izobhubhisa izimpande zokhula, ezingenakuveza amahlumela amasha.
Uma udonsa bese umba izihlwanyela, zonke izinsalela zezitshalo kufanele zisuswe kusayithi, futhi kubuyeleka ukuba ungavumeli ukuhluma kwezihlwanyela nokuhlanzwa okulandelayo kwezinhlamvu ezivuthiwe. Lapho ekwindla noma entwasahlobo yokumba imibhede, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe ngokucophelela izimpande neziqephu zazo ezivela enhlabathini, zibavimbele ekuphumeni amahlumela amancane.
Ngisho noma ukhula olukhohlisayo lufika egcekeni lakho noma i-dacha, akufanele uthukuthele, ukuphendula okusheshayo nemizamo kuyosiza ukukhipha inhlanzi futhi uyivimbele ekubuyiseni.
