Izifo ze-roses zitholakala kakhulu emibhedeni yemifula yabalimi abangenalwazi abanganaki ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokutshala kwenhlabathi, ukukhetha izithombo, kanye ne-naively bacabanga ukuthi izimbali aziguli. Ukuze wazi futhi ukuthi kungani ama-rosebuds eyomile, nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nezifo eziyinhloko zalezi zimbali, ngezansi senze imiyalo yokuphatha.
Kungani i-roses igula?
Noma ubani othanda ukusongelwa kufanele azi izifo zabo, kanye nezimbangela zabo. Izimbali zingagula ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, futhi ngokuyisisekelo zonke zihlobene nokukhathazeka komlimi wensimu: 
- ngokuvamile isithombo sezitshalo sitholwa yilowo osuvele onegciwane noma esinye isifo, ikakhulukazi uma kuthengwa ezandleni; Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho uthenga izithombo, kufanele uxhumane nezizathu ezikhethekile zokuzalanisa;
- imbali ingahle igciwane lesifo noma izidumbu ezilethwe ensimini yembali ngezinye izitshalo;
- Izifo zisakazwa kalula kusuka kwesinye isihlahla kuya kwesinye, ngakho-ke uma uthola isifo esisodwa esikugulayo, masisuse ngokushesha ensimini;
- izifo eziningi zingase zibe phansi.
Ngakho lapho utshalwa ama-roses, kubalulekile ukulungisa kahle inhlabathi bese ukhetha omakhelwane ku-flowerbed, futhi futhi ungakhohlwa ngokudla nokusika njalo. Uma kwakudingeka sibhekane nezifo ze-roses, khona-ke sesilungiselele incazelo yabo kanye nokwelapha ngezansi.
Uyazi? I-Roses ayiyona nje izitshalo ze-horticultural, nazo zitholakala ezimweni zasendle, ezinye zazo ezikwazi ukubonisa ukukhuthazela okungajwayelekile. Isibonelo, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali, eziye zajwayela ngisho nasezindaweni ze-Arctic Circle.
Izindlela zokulwa nokushisa okufayo
Ukushisa okwenzekayo kuvela emahlathini asebusika ngesimo sebala elibomvu, okungagcina lihle futhi libulale ngokuphelele isitshalo. Isizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwale nkinga ye-rosary ukuqongelela ngokweqile umswakama ngaphansi kwekhava ebusika, umquba we-nitrogen owandayo emhlabathini futhi obuthakathaka amahlumela ngenxa yobunxeba. I-fungus, okuyiyona imbangela yokushiswa kwama-rose okubhebhethekayo, ingadluliselwa esitshalweni ukutshala ngaphakathi kwe-pruner.
Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokubhekana nokushisa okuthelelekayo ukuwuvimbela njalo:
- susa amaqabunga namahlumela okukhona izilonda zokutheleleka;
- Ngaphambi kokuhlala endaweni yasebusika, amahlathi nezihlabathi ezizungezile kufanele zifakwe ngesixazululo se-sulphate enezinsimbi (cishe 30 g ngalinye ilitha lamanzi);
- kudingekile ukumboza ama-rose asetsheni kuphela esimweni esomile ngezinga lokushisa lomoya elingaphezulu kuka-10 ° ะก;
- ngemuva kokukhipha indawo yokukhosela ezihlahleni, zingaphathwa futhi nge-Bordeaux ingxube ekuhlungeni kwe-1%;
- ngesikhathi sokusika izirosa, wonke amathuluzi kumele aphethwe yi-disinfected;
- Amahlumela okutshala amaqabunga Kubalulekile ukuqeda izindawo ezithintekile ngokuzikhiphela ngaphandle nokucubungula izinga lokulima.
Indlela yokususa i-rust kusuka ku-roses, nokuthi kungani ivela
Esinye isifo sibomvu i-rust, i-causative agent eyenziwa njengefungus eyingozi kakhulu. Liyakwazi ukuphalaza izingxabano zalo, ngaleyo ndlela futhi kuthinte izitshalo eziseduze. Ungabona ukugqwala emahlathini asebusika ngisho nasentwasahlobo, ngoba lesi sifo sibangele ukushona komnyaka odlule ukubola futhi impova ikhiphe. I-susceptible most vulnerable to this disease is izitshalo ezibuthakathaka ezingenayo izakhi kanye nomswakama. Kwezinye izimo, ukugqwala kubangela isimo sezulu.
Ukuvimbela ukugqwala ema-roses bese usiza izimbali ukuba zisuse, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa lemithetho elandelayo:
- Zama ngokushesha ukuze uvule izihlahla zama-rose entwasahlobo, ukuze zingapheli.
- Amahlumela abathintekile futhi afile kufanele aguqulwe ashiswe.
- Ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi obalulekile wezitshalo ezithintekile, zifakwe ngesixazululo se-Bordeaux liquid, zenezela 4 g ngalinye ilitha lamanzi.
- Ukuze ungenise lesi sifo ensimini yase-rose ngokusebenzisa umquba othelelekile, qiniseka ukuwuphonsa kwisisombululo se-1% se-sulphate yethusi ngaphambi kokutshala.
- Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuqeda ukugqila kwisitshalo phakathi nonyaka, nikela, ngaphandle kwalokho ukutheleleka kuzoshukumisela kwezinye izakhamuzi zase-flowerbed.
Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-roses iyakuthanda ukukhula endaweni enelanga futhi idinga inhlabathi evundile evundile. Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-rose kufanele ibe ne-drainage enhle, futhi i-asidi akufanele ihambe ngaphezu kwe-7.5. Izihlahla eziqinile zizophikisana nokugqwala. Kubalulekile! Ukuze kukhule kahle, ama-roses adinga umswakama obuningi, kodwa adinga ukuphuziswa ngokweqile, kodwa iningi kakhulu.
Amazolo ka-Mealy: ukususwa kwe-plaaly ye-mealy kusuka emaqabunga kanye nesitshalo sesitshalo
Lesi sifo asibonakali kuphela uma umswakama womoya ungaphumi ngaphezu kuka-60%, futhi izinga lokushisa liphakathi kuka-16 kuya ku-18 ° C. Esimo esimweni sezulu esingavamile, kunzima ukugwema ukubukeka kwayo. Iphunga likaMealy livame ukudala isikhunta kwi-roses, okwenza ukuba singaboni kahle, ngoba lesi sifo sithinta kokubili iziqu, amaqabunga, namahlumela, ngisho namameva. Uma isikhathi eside sesitshalo sizolimala, ngokubanzi ama-patches abe. Njengoba amahlumela amancane ezitshalo ngokuvamile ehlushwa yi-powdery isikhutha, ngaphandle kokuthatha izinyathelo zokulwa nesifo, i-rose ingase ingaqhakazi.
Ukuze ubhekane nomkhuhlane we-powdery futhi uvikele ukuvuselelwa kwawo, kubalulekile ukuthi usebenzise izinyathelo ezinjalo:
1. Njalo ekwindla, qeda zonke izihlumela ezigulayo, uphinde ushise amaqabunga awile kuwo.
2. Ukumba umbhede wembali, lapho ungqimba ophakanyisiwe kufanele uguqulwe khona, okuzoholela ekufeni kwezinambuzane kusuka emoyeni owanele.
3. Ukuchithwa kwama-roses ekwindla ngosizo lwesisombululo se-3% se-sulphate yethusi.
4. Ukuhlanza izihlahla ngesikhathi sokukhula ngesisombululo se-copper-soap (200-300 indlu noma isobho elimanzi kuya kwamalitha angu-9 emvula, lapho elinye ilitha lamanzi kufanele lichithe khona, lapho i-25-30 g ye-sulfate yethusi yaqedwa khona ngaphambili).
5. Ukusabalalisa ama roses ngokumiswa kwesulfure (1%). Lokhu kuyadingeka ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwezitshalo, kanye nokwandisa "ukuzivikela" kwabo kulesi sifo.
6. Ukutshala izimbali ngamanyolo aqukethe potassium. Kodwa kungenjalo akufanele kusebenzise i-nitrogen, njengoba nje kukhulisa isimo.
7. Uma i-powdery isikhutha emifuleni iqhubekela phambili ikakhulukazi, amahlumela angasetshenziselwa isixazululo sama-50 g we-soda ash ku-10 amalitha amanzi.
8. Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla kufanele ikhule ngomlotha endaweni engakapheli 120 g ngalinye 1 m2. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukumboza kancane ngenhla engaphezulu. Ukuxoshwa komlotha izihlahla ezigulayo kungasetshenziselwa (ngoba lokhu kulungisa isisombululo se-100 g lomlotha kanye no-10 amalitha amanzi, okumele kube khona izinsuku ezingu-5), okumele kwenziwe ngezinsuku ezingu-7.
9. Ukulwa ne-mycelium kuzokusiza nokwehliswa kwe-mullein, okungama-10 amalitha amanzi azodinga ngo-1 kg. Ukuphalaza kufanele futhi kwenziwe kanye ngesonto.
Ukuphalaza amahlathi kubalulekile ukufeza kuze kube yilapho imifula ye-powdery isikhala ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Spud roses akufanele kube peat, futhi nesihlabathi evamile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngesikhathi seqhwa lokuqala, izihlahla ngeke ziqale ukukhula, kodwa zizoqhubeka zilele kuze kufike ukushisa kwangempela.
Indawo yeLeaf nokuqedwa
Amabala omnyama-amaqabunga emaqabunga kanye neziqu ze-roses kubangelwa i-fungus, ekhombisa umsebenzi ophezulu kakhulu engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. Ukutshala kungabangela amaqabunga awela bese ubhubhisa ngokuphelele i-rose, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukuyiqeda - ama-parasites angakwazi ngisho nokuqothula amahlumela.
Kungenzeka ukuqeda ukubala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinyathelo eziningi:
- wonke amahlumela abathintekayo namaqabunga asuswa ngokushesha bese ashiswa;
- njalo ekwindla, ukumba kwenhlabathi kwenziwa, lapho kubalulekile ukuguqula ngokuphelele izendlalelo zenhlabathi ukuze unciphise ukufinyelela kwemoya;
- ukusetshenziswa kokulungiswa okhethekile kokutshala izihlahla, okumele kwenziwe ngo-ekwindla nasekuseni kwentwasahlobo.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-gray mold: incazelo yesifo
Ukubola okubomvu kuyingozi ngoba cishe cishe amahlumela enempilo, izitshalo ezivuthiwe ezivuthiwe ngeke zikwazi ukuqhakaza noma kunjalo, ngoba i-fungus yalesi sifo ivame ukuthinta amafihlethi kanye nezingxenye eziphezulu zamahlumela. I-susceptible mostly to this disease kukhona ama-roses amhlophe namhlophe, athola inani elinganele lokondla kanye nomswakama. I-grey fungus i-mycelium ayinamathele kakhulu ekushiseni okushisa, ngakho ithola ubumnene ebusika, futhi iyaqhubeka ikhiqiza entwasahlobo ngosizo lwezinhlamvu.
Lesi sifo sinezinto eziphilayo ezihlahleni zezitshalo ze-sitrobheli nezitshalobhisi, ukutshala ama-roses eduze nalokho okungavunyelwe. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gray grey, amahlathi aphakama kufanele atshalwe phezu kwesikhala esikhulu ngokwanele ukuze isitshalo ngasinye sivuleke kahle. Ukuphuza ama-roses kungcono ekuseni noma phakathi nosuku, ngoba emva kokuphuza kusihlwa ngeke babe nesikhathi sokuma ebusuku.
Kungcono ukuqeda nokushisa zonke izitshalo ezithintekile ukubhubhisa i-fungus ngokwayo. Ezimpawu zokuqala zokubola, ungasebenzisa i-horsetail horsetail yokupuniza, futhi uma izilonda zisakaze kakhulu emhlathini, kungcono ukubhekana nesisombululo se-foundationol esilinganiselwa ku-0.2% ngetitha lamanzi.
Umdlavuza we-bacterial on roses
Umdlavuza webhaktheriya we-rose ungenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu abalimi okufanele babhekane nazo. Lesi sifo singathinta izitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi izimpande zembali, ngenxa yalokho kungavamile ukulondolozwa.
Umdlavuza womsuka
Lolu hlobo lwesifo lubonakala ukwakhiwa kokukhula okuqinile ezimpandeni zesitshalo, ekugcineni okuqala ukubola. Lokhu kuholela ekomweni kwesihlahla, ngoba ukukhula kukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi kuze kube amahlumela. Imbangela yomdlavuza wezimpande emahlathini asetshenziselwa ukulimala umonakalo ohlelweni lwawo oluyisitshalo ngesikhathi sokutshala, kanye nokulima izimbali emhlabathini wobumba onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen.
Uma ubona izimpawu ezinjalo ezihlahleni zakho zama-rose, qiniseka ukuthi unqume konke ukukhula futhi uphonsa yonke uhlelo lwempande kwisisombululo se-1% se-sulphate yethusi imizuzu engu-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho, izimpande zigezwa ngamanzi, kanti isitshalo singatshalwa enhlabathini ekhethekile.
Kodwa-ke, uma izimpande zama-rose zithinteka ngokuphelele ngumdlavuza, futhi imidwebo yayo ibuye ibe entanyeni yentambo, kungcono ukushisa leso sitshalo ngokushesha.
I-Cancer ibonakala
I-stem iphakama umdlavuza udinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ngoba i-causative agent yayo iphenduke ngisho neqhwa elibandayo ebusika futhi ingathukuthela kakhulu entwasahlobo. Kungathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-3 ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele isitshalo.
Endleleni yokulwa nomdlavuza weziqu ezinhlahleni zama rose, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo izimbali bese ususa zonke izindawo ezithintekayo. Njalo ngonyaka, lapho izinso zivuvukala, izihlahla ezithintekayo kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-zinc sulfate (ukwenza lokhu, ukuphucula i-300 g yalesi sitshalo emanzini amanzi).
Ukuze uphuthukise ukuvimbela, ungasebenzisa futhi izixazululo kusuka:
· I-Copper sulfate noma i-Bordeaux uketshezi - 200 g yalesi sitshalo kuyodingeka ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi;
· Oxychloride ithusi (10 l - 40 g yezinto);
· Topsina-M (for 10 l amanzi - 20 g).
Isitshalo somdlavuza obuthakathaka sidinga isidlo esengeziwe. Kuze kube sekupheleni, ekupheleni kwehlobo, kuyasiza ukuqinisa i-rose izihlahla ezinomanyolo ocebile potassium. Ngaphambi kokuhlala endaweni yasebusika, kubalulekile ukuhlanza ama-roses anjalo nge-2% ye-Bordeaux acid.
I-cytosporosis nokuphathwa kwayo
Isibonakaliso salesisifo yishintsho esiyisisekelo sekhasika emagqabeni ase rose. Ngaphansi kwethonya le-causative agent ye-cytosporosis, okokuqala iba mnyama bese iqala ukufa. Futhi, phezu kwezindawo ezithintekile, ama-bumps amaningi avulekayo avela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti i-cortex ngokwayo iqala ukukhawula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-cytosporosis kuhilela ukuphatha izihlahla ezinesixazululo se-Bordeaux liquid. Le ukwelashwa kubalulekile ukufeza ngaphambi kokuhluma. Zonke izindawo ezithintekayo zesitshalo kufanele ziqedwe ngesikhathi futhi zishiswe.
Uyazi? Ngezinye izikhathi ama-rosebuds amancane awawona umphumela wokuntuleka kokunakekela izimbali noma izifo zabo, kodwa isici sezinhlobonhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ezinhlobonhlobo zama-roses okuthiwa "C", ubukhulu behlumela zezimbali aludluli ubungako bohlamvu olulodwa lwelayisi.
Ukupholisa okunamandla
Lesi sifo sibuye sivame kakhulu. Kubonakala ukuthuthukiswa okubuhlungu kwezihlahla: amahlumela kanye namaqabunga akhula kakhulu, kodwa abonakala ekhubazekile, amaqabunga afana nentambo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amahlumela namaqabunga abe mnyama, ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga awenzi amaqabunga, ngasekupheleni kwehlobo isihlahla esinjalo sivame kakhulu.
Ukulwa nokukhula kwegciwane kungenakwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke amahlumela abathintekile anqunywe futhi atshiswe ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi uma lesi sifo sithinta sonke isihlahla, kuyoba kuhle ukuyihlaba bese ishisa ngokuphelele. Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi i-wilting ye-viral ingadluliselwa kusuka ehlathini kuya esihlahleni ngokusebenzisa ama-shears, okuyinto lapho isebenza ensimini yase-rose, kubalulekile ukubulala amagciwane.
Ukuvimbela izifo
Isinyathelo sokuzivikela ukuvimbela ukutholakala kwezifo ezihlahleni zama-rose kubalulekile ukubamba njalo ngonyaka. Ngokuyinhloko, ukwelashwa kwama-roses kusukela ku-fungus usebenzisa i-Bordeaux liquid kufanele kwenziwe kokubili ekwindla, ngaphambi kokufihla amahlumela kusuka emaqanda, kanti entwasahlobo, ngisho nangaphambi kokukhula kwawo. Uma ukutshala kuphakama amahlathi, kubalulekile futhi ukulungiselela inhlabathi ehlanzekile, enezondlo lapho isikhunta nezinye izifo eziphilayo zingekho khona.
Ukufafaza ama-roses ekwindla kufanele kulandelwe ukusika izihlahla, lapho kubalulekile ukukhipha amagciwane ngama-shears, nokushisa wonke amahlumela okuqhelile namaqabunga ehlathini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona izilonda ezibuhlungu kuwo noma cha.
Kumele futhi usebenzise izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukuvikela ama-roses ezifweni:
1. Hlela ama-roses emibhedeni enomoya omuhle futhi ukhanyiswe.
2. Uma uhluma izihlahla, zama ukungazinqobe.
3. Njengondlo kanye nomanyolo, sebenzisa isisombululo se-mullein (1 kuya ku-30).
4. Ungakhohlwa njalo ekwindla ukumba umbhede wembali nge roses.
Futhi khumbula ukuthi noma yisiphi isitshalo engadini yakho sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu. Uma kungenjalo, ngisho ne-roses ye-varietal ngeke ikwazi ukukujabulisa ngezimbali ezinhle.
