Ubangele ubhalsamu - isitshalo sokutshala indlu sonke kithi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Igama lesiLatini elithi Impatiens lihunyushwe ngokuthi "lokuthinta", ngoba imbewu yebhasamu iyahlakazeka ngezindlela ezahlukene uma ubathinta. Ngokujwayelekile le mbali ihlotshaniswa nobuntwana, ngoba cishe wonke ugogo endlini wayene "Spark", njengoba kubizwa. Ibhalsamu ingenye yamalungu ajwayelekile kakhulu emndenini waseBalsamin (iBalsaminaceae), enezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-600. I-balsam yasekhaya - izifunda ezishisayo nezamaxhaphozi zase-Afrika nase-Asia. EYurophu, lesi sitshalo sabonakala kuqala ngo-1596.
Ukufika ibhalsamu: ukukhetha indawo, izinga lokushisa nokukhanyisa
Manje ake sikhulume kancane ngekhamera lebhalsamu futhi simnakekele. Elinye lamagama ayo - "UVanka Mokry" - ibhalsamu itholakele ngenxa yokuthi "umlutha" wayo unomswakama. Ibhalsamu yisitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Kungcono ukuyibeka endaweni ekhanyisiwe, kodwa ngendlela yokuthi ilanga eliqondile alithinti kuso.
Uma ungenayo indawo efasiteleni lewindi, futhi uphoqeleka ukuba 'utshale' imbali ekhoneni - ungaphelelwa ithemba, futhi lapha uzokhula, kodwa ngeke ukhule kakhulu. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sibheke phambili empumalanga, futhi ehlobo ukuhlanza ibhaluni yokufinyelela njalo emoyeni omusha. Ungafaki ibhalsamu eduze nomgqugquzeli noma ibhethri, njengoba izimbali zingase ziwe emoyeni omile kakhulu.
Ukunakekela i-balsamine yangaphakathi kufaka phakathi nezimo zokushisa ezifanele futhi ezikhululekile zesitshalo. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, ibhalsamu iyisimiso esinamandla kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa elifanele kunazo zonke liyi-18-22 ° C ehlobo futhi + 8-12 ° C ebusika. Uma ulandela izincomo zendlela yokunakekela ibhalsamu yangaphakathi, izojabula ngombala wayo unyaka wonke. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wokuqala. Ibhalsamu ayikhulile hhayi nje kuphela njengesitshalo sezindlu, kodwa futhi njengensimu.
Uyazi? E-England, ibhalsamu yayibizwa ngokuthi "Ukuzikhandla Lisa" ukuze ukwazi ukuqhuma njalo.
Ukukhetha ibhodlela nokulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala
Ukukhula kwamabhalsamu embi kungcono ukuthatha okuncane kakhulu kunesimiso sempande yembali. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho lesi sitshalo sikhula ebhodweni, ukuqhuma kungaphazamise izimbali eziningi. Abaningi banesithakazelo ku: kanjani ukubeka ibhalsamu? Kulula kakhulu, futhi sizoxoxa ngakho. Isigaba sokuqala sokukhula okuhle yinhlabathi yama-balsamines - kufanele ibe ne-acidic, elula futhi elula futhi ibe nokubunjwa okulandelayo: izingxenye ezimbili zomhlabathi omile, ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat kanye nengxenye yesihlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Umhlabathi wembali akufanele ube nomanyolo, njengoba lokhu kuzoholela ekukhuleni kobukhulu obuhlaza, hhayi umbala.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yenhlabathi yebhasamu yi-drainage yekhwalithi (kungcono ukusebenzisa ubumba obunwetshiwe). Ukuze i-New Guinea ihlaziye, i-humus noma i-compost ingafakwa enhlabathini.
Kuningi ukuphuza ibhalsamu, ukunakekela isitshalo.
I-Balsam yegumbi ayidingi ukukhuthala okuningi ekunakekeleni. Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganayo. Kungcono ukuphuza imbali ngamanzi ahlukene. Uma amanzi akho kunzima, ubilise, njengoba i-limescale, engabonakala emanzini anzima, izoholela ezifweni nokubola kwesitshalo. Ukunisela ibhalsamu kungcono kakhulu ekugcineni kombhodlela, uzama ukungabi engxenyeni yempande.
Uyazi? Uma ngezikhathi ezithile ukukhulula ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi ebhodweni, izimbali zakho zebhasamu zizobukeka zikhanya.
Ebusika, ukuphuza ibhalsamu kufanele kwenziwe uma ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-substrate loma. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze ngokweqile, kodwa uthele amanzi angaphezulu kusuka epanini, njengoba izimpande zingase ziqale ukubola ngenxa yamanzi aqinile. Ibhalsamu aliyona inhle kuphela, kodwa futhi isitshalo esihlakaniphile: libika ukungabi nomswakama ngamagqabi aphuzi.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekela ibhalsamu ifaka umquba. Entwasahlobo, lapho imbali iqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo, iyalulekwa ukuba isiphuze ngamaminerali omanyolo kanye njalo emva kwamasonto amabili ngenyanga. Ngesikhathi se-balsam yezimbali eziningi kakhulu kufanele ziphuze ngesisombululo somsoco esakhiwa nge-phosphorus ne-calcium.
Kubalulekile! Njengengxenye yokudla ibhalsamu akufanele kube yi-nitrogen, ngoba "iyashisa" uhlelo lwempande.
I-balsam yegumbi idinga ukunyusa amanzi ngokunakekelwa kahle: kanye ngesonto, amanzi aphethwe ngamagqabi nezimbali ngebhodi le-spray.
Ukunciphisa nokufakelwa kabusha "i-Vanya wet"
Ukudubula ibhalsamu akuyona into enzima njengoba kungase kubonakale. Florists batusa ukusika izihlahla entwasahlobo, kanyekanye ngokufakelwa kabusha. Uma isitshalo sakho sikhule kakhulu, khona-ke amahlumela adingeka ukuthi anciphise ngesigamu, angakhohlwa ukuwuhlola ukuze ahlole izimpande ezomile noma ezibolile, ezikhishwa ngasese phansi kwe-rhizome. Ibhalsamu ingafakwa kabusha noma kabili ngonyaka. Uma unikezwe imbali, noma uthenge yona esitolo, khona-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuba uyifake ngokushesha. Thela amanzi embizeni olungiselelwe, bese ubeka umhlabathi omncane. Bese udonsa ngobumnene imbali ngaphakathi kwebhodlela elidala, uzama ukulimaza i-rhizome, ulibeke ebhodweni elisha bese ulimboza ngenhlabathi, tamp.
Kubalulekile! Umhlabathi kufanele ube sezingeni lika-5.5-6.5.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa isitshalo, udinga ukuphuza isitshalo ngokuningi futhi uyishiye yedwa. Emva kwamasonto amabili, ungaqala ukupha imbali.
Izindlela ezimbili zokuzala ibhalsamu
Abanikazi abaningi bhalsamu banomlutha kulo mbali futhi bacabanga ukuthi bangasakaza kanjani isitshalo. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukubuyabuyelelwa kwenzalo futhi ukuxhunyelelwa kwebhasamu.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kwenzeka ngale ndlela: ngokutshala kokuqala kwembewu ebhalsamu, kufanele uqale usebenzise ingxube engenamhlaba, ehlanganisa i-peat, i-perlite ne-vermiculite. Uma ubona amahlumela noma ama-debris ku-substrate, kufanele asuswe. Ukuxuba zonke izithako, ingxube kufanele ifakwe amanzi amaningi futhi uhlanganise futhi. Thela imbewu endaweni ephepheni, ne-toothpick yokuhlanza emanzini "uwathathe" bese uwadlulisela engxenyeni.
Uyazi? Ukuze ubone ukuthi iyiphi imbewu ehlume, phawula izindawo eziseduze ne-plantings nge-toothpick.
Ngemuva kokuthi zonke imbewu zitshalwe, kumele zifafazwe nge-peat encane. Khona-ke isitsha esinezinhlamvu ezigcwele ifilimu bese efakwa endaweni efudumele ebomvu, igweme imisebe eqondile. Udinga ukuhambisa imbewu lapho ubona amaconsi phezulu kwesitsha. Imbewu ihluma kusukela emavikini amabili ukuya kwangu-4. Ukuvela kwamandla okuqala amahlumela kudingeka kuvulwe.
Futhi manje ake sikhulume ngendlela yokusakaza ama-cuttings e-balsam. Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuhlanganiswa kubalulekile ukuphatha ama-secateurs (tongs) ngotshwala, i-vodka noma yimuphi omunye umshini wokubulala amagciwane. Sika phezulu ukusika nge-internodes eziningana, ususe amaqabunga aphansi. Isiqu kufanele sibe ngu-7-15 cm ubude, kuye ngobukhulu besitshalo.
Tshala isiqu enhlanganisela ye-peat, i-vermiculite ne-perlite. Thelela amanzi afudumele ngenani elincane le-potassium permanganate. Ngokuvamile 'bayamukelwa' ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7. Ama-Cuttings azinzile, angakujabulisa ngezimbali ngesikhathi sokuqala.
Ukuze igumbi lokusanhlamvu lijabule wena iminyaka eminingi, ukunakekelwa kufanele kube okuphelele futhi ngesikhathi esifanele.
