I-Chaenomeles, noma i-quince yaseJapane, ikhulile njengesiko elihlobisa izithelo eziwusizo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo esimnandi kakhulu siwumhlobiso kunoma iyiphi ingadi, futhi izithelo zawo zenza ama-dessert enhle kakhulu: ama-jams futhi agcina. I-Chaenomeles iyadingeka njengegceke elizungeza isakhiwo, uhlelo lwayo olunzulu lwezimpande zithwala inhlabathi evulekile.
I-Landing Chaenomeles
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala i-quince yaseJapane kusentwasahlobo, lapho umhlaba usuvele usuqalile, kanti amafihlekile awazange ahlume. Isitshalo esineminyaka emibili esitshalwe ngaphandle kwesitsha esinezimpande ezivaliwe sisungulwe kahle. Akuyona efiselekayo ukutshala i-quince ekwindla, uthanda ukufudumala futhi angafa ngaphambi kokuba aqede ngempela. Lesi sitshalo asithandi ukuguquka okuvamile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthola ngokushesha indawo yalo.
Ukukhetha indawo
I-quince yaseJapane ethanda ukushisa, lapho ikhulile, ikhetha ukukhanya kwelanga, ivaliwe emoyeni. Kungcono ukumkhetha ikhoneni elisezantsi, elikhanyiswe ilanga, ngoba emthunzini lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kahle futhi sikhule kabi.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala
Ukwandisa i-quince yaseJapane kulula, ikhula kahle cishe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, ngaphandle kwenhlabathi ye-peaty. Imfuneko eyinhloko yokubunjwa kwenhlabathi ukungabikho kosawoti kanye ne-lime deposits. Okuhle kunabo bonke ama-henomel aqala emhlabathini, anemifudlana enhle, umquba kanye nomswakama olinganiselayo. Qaphela ukutshala isitshalo emhlabathini we-alkali - amaqabunga e-chlorosis avele. Lesi sitshalo simelana nezinkathi ezomile, nakuba zisencane, emva kokutshala, kudinga ukuba zithuthukiswe, kodwa ngaphandle kokuswakama okunamandla. Ngaphambi kokutshala i-quince yaseJapane, udinga ukusula inhlabathi yokhula, inhlabathi empofu neyindayo kufanele ihlungwe "ngenhlabathi enomhlabathi nesihlabathi, ihlanganiswe nokubunjwa kwama-peat-dung, kanye nezithasiselo ze-phosphorus.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Japanese quince
Ukuwunakekela akusikhathi esiningi, kuqukethe ukusika, ukukhululeka kwemibuthano ye-pristvolny (kuphela entwasahlobo nasekwindla), ukwakheka komqhele nokugqoka.
Ukunisela nokudla ama-henomel
I-Chaenomeles ayidingi ukuchelela okuvame njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho yisikhathi eside esomile. Ngaphambi kwebusika ubusika amahlumela adingekayo ukuhambisa inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo ezincane, ukuchelela kokugcina kwenziwa ngezinkomba zezulu ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Ngemuva kokuvuna amaqabunga nge-jet ye-hose, ungakwazi ukugeza uthuli.
Ehlobo, ngaphansi kwezihlahla, izitshalo zikhulula inhlabathi, ukhula luzungeze, ukhula, lufafaza umquba. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubuthwa yi-spring sekwephuzile. Inhlabathi isondelene kakhulu neqhwa elicibilikile, kodwa selivele lifudumele ngokwanele. Ukuze uthole umquba, ungasebenzisa ama-sawdust noma amagxolo aqoshiwe, kudingeka ugcwalise, ugxile ebukhulu bomqhele wesitshalo. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, kuphakanyiswa ukuba ungondli ngezimiso zamanzi ukuze ungashise izimpande ezikhulayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi isivele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokutshala. Eminyakeni elandelayo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba iqhwa liqhekeke, kusetshenziselwa izithako zamaminerali nezakhi eziphilayo. Ehlobo basebenzisa umquba wamanzi, isibonelo, izixazululo ezivela kwi-bird droppings noma i-ammonium nitrate.
Ukupruning quince
Inqubo yokunciphisa i-Quince kulula. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-henomel zinezihlahla ezibukhali, ngakho-ke, uma uzothela isitshalo, zivikele izandla zakho ngamagilavu omuntu omuhle.
Ukusika i-quince entwasahlobo yinkambiso yenhlanzeko: Amagatsha owomile futhi awonakele kufanele anqunywe ngamasheya noma izibhamu ezincane. Lesi sitshalo sivuselelwa masinyane, ikakhulukazi uma ubhala amaphuzu aqunyiwe ngepaki eliphekwe ngaphambili.
Ukwakhiwa komqhele wesihlahla kuqala eminyakeni engama-4-5, kuphela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Okufanayo kwenziwa nge-root system: ukuze isitshalo singakhuli kakhulu, ingxenye ye-rhizome isusiwe. Amahlumela akhula phansi noma ahambe kude abuye aphekwe. Hlanganisa i-quince izihlahla lapho ufinyelela eminyakeni engu-10 ubudala. Lesi sitshalo sincipha ngokusika amahlumela amancane futhi abuthakathaka, aphethwe futhi ahlukaniswe ngaphandle kwesilinganiso. Zama ukugcina amagatsha athwala izithelo lapho ukusika izihlahla.
Ngenkathi yekwindla, i-tillering izama, yonke imizamo yokuthuthukiswa kokutshala nokutshala izitshalo. Ukuze ulungise i-quince ngesikhathi sebusika, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayinquma nini futhi kanjani ukusika i-quince ekwindla. Akukho ubunzima, ukusika izihlahla kuyenziwa emva kokuvuna okugcwele kwezithelo ze-henomel, akunakwenzeka ukuwashiya esihlahleni.
Kubalulekile! I-quince yaseJapane izokujabulela ngesitshalo esikhulu futhi esiphezulu, uma ungevila ukusika ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe amagatsha awonakele noma omile.
Ukulungiselela isihlahla ebusika
Umdala umuthi we-quince, ukuphikiswa okungaphezu kwalokho. Izitshalo ezincane ze-quince yaseJapan zidinga ukunakekelwa nokuvikelwa okungaphezulu, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezincane kufanele ihlanganiswe kahle, igubungele ngamaqabunga e-spruce ukuze izimpande zingabi iqhwa. Ungakhathazeki uma entwasahlobo uthola amagatsha afriziwe, kudingeka nje asuswe. Uma unezinhlobo ezinkulu zama-henomel, khothamela phansi amagatsha aguquguqukayo esitshalo - lokhu kuzoba ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kwezimpande zawo. Isitshalo esidala kahle, esigcwele iqhwa, sibhekene nokubandayo. I-Chaenomeles bark iyi-dessert yama-hares, ngakho cabanga ngendlela ongayifaka ngayo isitatimende se-quince kusuka kumagundane.
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-henomel ngezindlela ezahlukene
Ukulula kwama-henomel kusebenza ekukhiqizeni kwawo. Awudingi ukuba nolwazi olukhethekile futhi uhlushwa umbuzo: indlela yokusakaza ama-henomel, lapho isitshalo sikhiqiza kahle futhi ngaphandle kosizo lwabantu. Isibonelo, igatsha elifafazwe umhlaba ngomoya omkhulu lizokhula futhi likhule, futhi ngemva kokuba isihlahla sitshalwe endaweni entsha, amahlumela azovela esikhathini esidala okwesikhashana. Isitshalo sanda ngezindlela eziningi, cabanga ngalunye.
Imbewu
Indlela elula yokukhiqiza ukutshala imbewu ye-quince ekwindla. Emva kokuqoqa izithelo, ngesikhathi sokuvuna njengempahla, imbewu ye-quince ivunwa, isomisiwe futhi itshalwe emhlabathini. Banikeza amahlumela amahle aqinile. Uma ungenayo isikhathi ngaphambi kobusika, beka imbewu emcimbini, bese utshala entwasahlobo.
Kuyathakazelisa Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, e-China, eJapane nase-United States, izindawo eziningi zomhlaba zanikezelwe ukutshala ama-henomel, futhi zihlonywe ngezinga lezimboni.
Entwasahlobo, izithombo ezikhulile zifakelwa endaweni elungiselelwe unomphela, ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-quince ekwindla akuyona efiselekayo.
Cuttings
Ezinsukwini ezifudumele zikaJuni, ekuseni kakhulu, i-quince cuttings eluhlaza iyadliwa. I-cuttings egxilile ngokuphelele ene-centimeter yegatsha elidala. Bahlala enhlabathini ehlanganisiwe yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat (ingxube: 3 x 1). Phakathi kwe-cuttings yenza ibanga ukuze bangaphazamisi ukuthuthukiswa komunye nomunye, futhi kushukumise ukukhula kokugqoka okuphezulu "Kornevin". Emoyeni efudumele, ukuvuthwa kuyoba khona ezinsukwini ezingu-40. I-Chaenomeles iyajwayele, isivuno sezithombo ezigxile kuzoba ngu-50%. 
Ngokugoma
I-quince yokugoma yenziwa ngoMeyi. Ama-graft varietal for inoculation ngeso elivuna kusengaphambili (ekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti), engxenyeni ephakathi yegciwane izinso ezine ingxenye ye-cortex. Khona-ke, esitokisini, yenza ukuchotshozwa ekubunjweni kwencwadi ethi "T", ukugoba emaphethelweni okushiswa, futhi ukufaka i-kidney-kidney. Isayithi le-scion lifakwe, lihlanganiswe futhi lisikiwe nge-pitch pitch. Ngonyaka olandelayo entwasahlobo, lapho i-scion ivula indlela yokubalekela, ibhandeshi isusiwe. Ezitshalweni ezikhulayo ungakwazi "ukutshala" amehlo ambalwa. Kunconywa ukubeka amashifu eduze komhlaba ukuze avikele amaqhwa ebusika. Ukuze uthuthukise isiko, thatha amapheya, ama-hawthorn nama-ashberries. Ebusika, izitshalo ezihlanganisiwe zidinga ukumbozwa amaqabunga e-spruce, ungakha izihlangu zokhuni ezivela emoyeni futhi ubambe iqhwa.
Inzalo yomsuka
Uhlelo lwezimpande ze-henomel luqala ngokushesha futhi lusakazeka endaweni enkulu. Lokhu kuvumela isitshalo ukuba sisakaze izimpande zempande. Kule njongo, amahlumela athuthukile kahle cishe ama-15 cm asetshenziselwa ama-rhizomes. Amahlumela atshalwa ngokuqondile, aphuziswa, ebheka umswakama olinganiselayo womhlabathi. Kudingekile ukuba umqubuzane uzungeze ihlumela ne-humus noma izinkuni zezinkuni. Lena akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzala ama-quinces, ngoba okokuqala isitshalo asitheli izithelo kahle.
Uyazi? Emlandisweni wamaGreki asendulo, i-Paris yanikeza i-apple yegolide ku-unkulunkulukazi othandekayo u-Athene njengesipho. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-quince - i-apula yegolide, ibhekwa njengophawu lothando nezibopho zomshado eziqinile. I-dessert ethandwayo phakathi kwamaGreki kwakungu-quince, ebhakakwe uju.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ekupheleni kuka-Septhemba, nakwezinye izindawo ngo-Okthoba, kufika isikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukuqoqa i-quince. Uma ngokucophelela futhi ngesikhathi esifanele ukhathalela isitshalo, ungakwazi ukuqoqa kuze kube ngu-3 kg wezithelo emthini owodwa.
Qaphela! Ukuvotela kwama-henomel kwenzeka ngendlela engezansi; ukuze ukwandise isivuno, tshala izitshalo eziningana zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene.Uma ihlobo livula futhi lingashisi ngokwanele, futhi izithelo zazingenaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa, ungawashiyi kuze kube seqhwa kuqala. "Ama-apula" afriziwe awela, alahlekelwa ukunambitheka nokuvutha. Ukuqoqa zonke izithelo, ngisho nezinhlobo eziluhlaza, zivuthwe ngokuphelele futhi ziphuzi ekamelweni lokushisa. I-quince yesiJapane ayijabule lapho igcinwa. Ekamelweni elinomoya omanzi owanele futhi ngo-2 °, iziphephelo zigcinwe kahle kuze kuFebhuwari.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-quince yaseJapane
I-quince yesiJapane engaphezu kuka-5% iqukethe ama-acids e-organic, aqukethe cishe ama-tannins angu-2. Izithelo zama-chhenomeles zinenani lamavithamini C ngaphezu kwelamula, ligcinwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa. Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo evela esithelweni se-quince isetshenziswa njengendlela yokuvimbela izifo zengculazi zonyaka. I-Quince iqukethe amavithamini: B1, B2 no-P; i-pectin ne-trace elements: i-phosphorus, i-potassium ne-calcium.
I-pectin equkethe izithelo yenza ukuba kususwe izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye ne-toxin egazini, ewusizo kakhulu emvelweni empofu. I-fresh quince juice inomphumela omuhle uma kwenzeka isifo sokuqina kwesifo somzimba, i-anemia nezinkinga eziphakeme kakhulu. I-Chaenomeles yehlisa i-cholesterol egazini, iqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi.
I-decoction ye-quince imbewu iyanciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezingqimba zamanwe amehlo, iyeka ukuphuma; ama-lotions aphatha ukushisa nokucasula esikhumbeni.
Kubalulekile! Izingane ezincane kufanele zinikezwe izithelo ngokucophelela okukhulu, kukhona inqwaba ye-fiber eyindilinga epulp.Ama-henomeles abilisiwe abilisiwe yi-antiemetic ehle kakhulu, iyasiza kubantu abahlukunyezwa yizibindi. Izithelo eziphuzi eziphuzi ezifana ne-lemon zisiza ukulwa nokucindezeleka nokucindezeleka, ukuqinisa nokusekela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Banciphisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo, ukwelapha iziphazamiso zomuthi wamathunjini, izinkinga zokuphefumula. I-Quince yenza ukuphila kube lula nge-asthmatics, abantu abahlukunyezwa ngamathumbu.
Isitshalo esibhakabhakayo esibukekayo esimnandi siyazikhulisa, futhi imikhiqizo yezithelo izothuthukisa ithoni yomzimba wakho.
