Ukutshala u-Tui nokumnakekela kahle

UThuja ungomndeni we-cypress.

Lesi sihlahla esivuthiwe (noma shrub), esinomqhele obukhulu, sizohlobisa noma yiliphi ipulazi lasekhaya, indawo yasemadolobheni, igceke lomuzi, njll.

Ngaphandle komqhele ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-thuja izokujabulisa ngephunga layo, ngoba izinkuni zalo ziqukethe amafutha abalulekile.

Kulesi sihloko sizoqonda ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini isihlahla se-thuja nokuthi sinakekela kanjani kahle.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Tui

Ezweni kunezinhlobo ezingu-5 ze-tui: entshonalanga, isi-chinese, isi-korean, isi-japanese futhi sinamathele.

Uyazi? Ukuphila kwe-Tui kuneminyaka engu-90-200.

Izinhlobo ze-Tui:

• Thuja japanese - umuthi uphelele kumamitha angu-18 ngezinaliti eziphansi. Izwe - Japan. Ibekezelela ukushisa okuphansi ebusika. Ayidingi ubuningi bomswakama, kodwa ayibekezeli umoya ongcolisayo, yingakho ayikhuli ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
• Thuja korean - umuthi onomqhele omningi wamagatsha okuhlunga. Izinaliti ezincane ziyiqabunga elide elingavamile (kuze kufike ku-2 cm) lobunjwa obunxantathu obunxantathu. Izinaliti ezisehlangothini elingemuva ziyisiliva elikhanyayo, futhi ngakwesokunene kuluhlaza okomnyama. Izwe - i-Peninsula yaseKorea. ERussia ikhula kuphela eNingizimu.

• Thuja enkulu noma ehlungwe - iyi-shrub efana ne-pyramid ebukeka njenge-cypress. Izinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha iTui (kufika ku-30 ​​cm ngonyaka). Ikwazi ukufinyelela ubude bamamitha angu-15, ububanzi bamamitha amathathu kuya kwangu-5. Izinaliti ziluhlaza obumnyama, kunamabala amhlophe ngezansi. Crohn ukukhanya ngephunga elinamandla. Buka ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukumelana nomoya. Ukushisa okuqinile kubekezelela kabi, ngoba ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezimanzi.
• Thuja empumalanga - i-shrub kuze kufike kumamitha angu-18 ukuphakama, lapho ngokuvamile kuqhuma khona ama-1-3 cm ubude. Amagatsha aqondile, aphansi. Lezi zinhlobo zibekezelela isomiso, ukushisa, futhi akuyona into ebonakalayo ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi. Ubusika namazinga aphansi okushisa angeke aphile.
• Thuja entshonalanga - umuthi we-pyramidal ophakeme ngamamitha angu-15 - 20 nobubanzi bamamitha angu-3 kuya kwangu-5. It has izimbali ezincane umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi kanye nezigaxa ezibomvu. Ehlobo, izinaliti zibe nombala omnyama okhanyayo (umbala ophansi), futhi ebusika bathola uboya obomvu (luphenduka luhlaza futhi entwasahlobo). Uhlelo lwempande luyi-fibrous and branched. I-Western thuja ikhula kahle emthunzini oyingxenye, kancane kancane kunelanga elishisayo (kodwa ayibekezelele isomiso esinzima nokushisa). Uma lezi zinhlobo zitshalwe emthunzini omnyama, amagatsha we-thuja ayancipha, futhi lokhu kuyaphanga ukubonakala kwawo. I-Thuja entshonalanga ikhula kunoma imuphi umhlabathi, inamandla okumelana nomoya, kodwa ezindaweni zethu, kuvame kakhulu ngenxa yokumelana nokuqina kwamaqhwa (kunemifino engaphezu kuka-30).

Uyazi? ERussia, thuja yabonakala ku-XViii ikhulu leminyaka.

Indlela yokusakaza i-thuja

Thuja - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Ikhula emthunzini nasemini. Ihlala kahle emhlabathini ohlukene: i-peaty, isihlabathi, isanti, imifula, kepha umswakama emhlabathini kufanele wanele.

Isitshalo esitshalwe nje kufanele sithole amalitha ayisishiyagalolunye samanzi ngesonto, kanye nama-15-20 amalitha amanzi phakathi nesomiso (okungcono ukuphuza izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto). Udinga ukwazi ukuthi uzotshala nini i-thuja kuleli zwe, futhi yikuphi ubudala lapho isithombo selungele indawo entsha yokutshala.

Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukutshala i-thuya ngendwangu enkulu yomhlaba (kusuka esitsheni noma kusayithi lokukhula langaphambilini). Kunconywa ukuthi uthele umgodi nge-coniferous earth (1/5 yezinaliti kumthamo wendawo yonke).

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-thuya cuttings

Umlimi wensimu kumele azi ukuthi angakhula kanjani ezweni. I-Thuja ingazaliswa yizimbewu noma ama-cuttings.

Uma uzalisa, thuja sebenzisa izigaxa ezixubile (uthathe amahlumela ezineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala 25-40 cm ubude) noma ama-cuttings angama-10-20 cm (ama-cuttings kufanele anqunywe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngoJuni).

Hlanganisa isiqu uphathwa ngesisombululo se-heteroauxin. Ukuzisika ngokwayo, ngaphandle kwezilinganiso ezivela ngezansi (cishe 5 cm) futhi utshalwe enhlabathini: isihlabathi somfula, i-peat kanye ne-turf ground (1: 1: 1).

Umhlabathi olungiselelwe disinfect isisombululo se-potassium permanganate ebuthakathaka. Ukujula kokutshala yi-1.5 - 2 cm, kanti izithombo zihlanganiswa phezulu (zenza ukushisa).

Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukusika ama-cuttings ukuze ngesisekelo sokuphunyuka kwezinkuni ezindala - "isithende". Lokhu kunomthelela ekubambeni kwabo okuhle.

Ukusika izidingo zesibamba sokushisa ngezikhathi ezithile emoyeni (isikhathi sokushaya umoya sisanda isikhathi ngasinye) futhi sikhuphule inhlabathi (kungcono ukuphalaza inhlabathi). I-cuttings esezimpande (inqubo ihlala izinyanga ezingu-2-3) lukhuni.

NgoNovemba wabo efudumele amaqabunga, amagatsha ama-fir noma i-sawdust. Lapho izinga lokushisa liwela ku- -5 ° C, udinga ukumboza ukugoqa isithombo.

Ukukhula kwe-thuja kusuka kumbewu

Ungasakaza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-thujas ngembewu esanda kuvuna. Ukupakisha uthola eminyakeni engu-3-5.

Ngalendlela, imbewu idinga shiya ekwindla ngaphansi kweqhwa (lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi yemvelo).

Entwasahlobo, imbewu evela ezigodini ezincane iyafika futhi ohlwanyelwe ngamateyizi at 0.5 cm ngokujulaikhava nge-coniferous sawdust. Amathrekhi we-Seeding asethelwe indawo epholile emnyama.

Ukudubula ukumboza izihlangu kusukela elangeni elivuthayo. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlale ivulekile futhi imanzi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kungenziwa ukondla ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka slurry (1:20).

Izincomo zokutshala thuja emhlabathini ovulekile

Thuja: ukutshala nokunakekela endle - lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ulwazi lomlimi ngamunye. Plant thuy kumele kube endaweni lapho lonke usuku ngeke kube ilanga ngqo.

Kubalulekile! Ngaphansi kwelanga elivuthayo i-thuja izobuna futhi ebusika kusukela ku-frost iyogula.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lomhlaba oludingekayo ku-Tui. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu inhlabathi ye-turf lapho kwenezela khona umhlabathi wesihlabathi kanye ne-peat.

Uma uhlela ukutshala izihlahla eziningana ze-thuja, bese ugcina ibanga phakathi kwazo: 1 m (uma utshala isigqoko esisodwa), 2 m (uma uthango luyi-2-irowu), 5m (uma uhlela ukwakha i-tui). Izithombo zibhalwa emhlabathini ngamasentimitha angu-60-80.

Abaningi banesithakazelo sokuthi kufanele ukufakelwa kanjani kahle thuja ukuze kungafi. Ungakwazi ukuphindaphinda i-thuja kusukela entwasahlobo (kusukela ngoMashi) kuya ekwindla (kuze kufike ngoNovemba). Ubekezelela ukufakelwa kahle, yiqiniso, kuphela ngezenzo ezifanele zomlimi wensimu.

Kubalulekile! Uma inhlabathi esiteshini isindayo futhi idonsa, kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze uhlaka lwamanzi ka-15-20 cm. Uma isayithi ligcwele amanzi, khona-ke amapayipi okugeleza afakwa emathangeni.

Ngaphandle Thuja Care

Emhlabathini ovulekile, i-thuja idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile, okubandakanya ukuchelela njalo, ukudla, ukukhulula umjikelezo we-trunk nokusika izihlahla (umqhele wokwakha).

Ukunisela

I-Thuja inezinaliti eziluhlaza, ngenxa yokuthi kuningi okuswakama kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, umgadi wensimu kumele aqinisekise ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile (ngisho nasekwindla).

Isithombo esisanda kutshalwa siphuziswa kanye ngesonto, ekuseni noma kusihlwa (10-50 amalitha amanzi emithini ngayinye) - kuye ngokuthi isitshalo sitshalwe kanjani).

I-Krona, ngenyanga yokuqala, ibuye ifiseke kakhulu ukunisela. Ukufafaza kusiza ukususa uthuli kusuka ezinaliti futhi kuthuthukiswe ukufinyelela kwe-oksijeni kwisakhiwo somuthi.

Kubalulekile! Umhlabathi oseduze ne-thuja kufanele ube manzi kancane. Ukutshala umhlabathi kuyingozi ekukhuni. Ukuntuleka kobumswakama kunqunywa yi-yellowing phezulu ye-thuja.

Uma ukuphuza kwezulu kwezulu kufanele kukhishwe.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izinhlobo zokugqoka:

• Ukugqoka okuyisisekelo kuyadingeka emthini osanda kutshalwa: u-Epin, umgqugquzeli wokukhula kwemvelo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuzosiza isitshalo ukuba sithole izimpande futhi sibhekane kangcono nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
• Ukondla kwe-spring kunezithasiselo ze-potash-phosphorus. Ungasebenzisa imifino eyinkimbinkimbi "Kemira-jikelele" (amagremu ama-50-60 ngamitha yendawo ngayinye). Umanyolo uhlanganiswe nokuchelela okuningi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kunziwe kabili, ngekhefu lamaviki amabili.

Kubalulekile! Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala umanyolo we-mineral wasetshenziswa, ke ukufaka umanyolo kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kweminyaka emibili kuphela.

• Ukondla i-thuja ekwindla akukwenziwa.

Ukudubula

Ukuze unciphise i-thuja uzodinga i-earle kanye ne-pruner yamandla noma yegesi.

Isihlahla esincane asithinti iminyaka emibili (kufanele sithole izimpande endaweni entsha), khona-ke ungayifaka futhi ubeke umqhele kumqhele. Ngokusika izihlahla ukuqonda:

• Ukususwa amagatsha omisiwe nabuthakathaka (ngokuvamile avame futhi abe nombala obomvu).
• Crown thinning. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukwehlisa ngokweqile kuyonciphisa izimfanelo zokuhlobisa ze-thuja.
• Izihlahla zasekhaya. Inqubo yenziwa ngo-Ephreli. Ehlobo, ifomu lilungiswa kuphela. Uma uvame ukuvuna, ngokuvamile umqhele uzoba umqhele. Lapho kuguguleka kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagatsha anqunywe ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yobude.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole "uhlobo olunamandla" lwe-thuja, kubalulekile ukususa amagatsha okukhula konyaka owodwa.

Uma uhlela ukukhulisa umuthi ngobubanzi, kufanele usike ingxenye engaphezulu yomqhele. Abalimi abaqalayo bangaqala ngokubunjwa komqhele we-thuja ngesimo sebhola, i-curb noma i-cascade.

Uma unesithakazelo ekunqunyeni izinwele, buza ukuthi ungayiphatha kanjani i-smaragd: unganika isihlahla izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezilwane, iminyango, izinyathelo, njll.

Ngaphambi kokuqala izinwele, cabanga ngokucophelela ngokuma. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi, ngezikhathi ezithile hamba eceleni futhi ubone lapho udinga ukuqoqa okungaphezulu, futhi lapho usuvele uqoqwe khona.

I-smaragd ehlukahlukene ikhula minyaka yonke, ngoba izinwele zizodinga okungaphezu kweyodwa.

Kubalulekile! Ukunquma izinwele nokuqothula kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esomile.

Ukulungiselela thuja ebusika

Uma i-thuja ikhula esayithini lakho, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukubuza ukuthi unjani ukunakekelwa akudingayo ebusika. Udinga ukulungisa kahle umuthi ebusika. Ngalokhu ungadinga:

• amasheya engadini;
• ukukhiqizwa kwezimpande ezithuthukisa;
• i-peat kanye nanoma yiziphi izinto zokwakheka (utshani, izinaliti, i-sawdust);
• ugundane noma izembozo ezikhethekile zokugqoka izihlahla ze-coniferous.

• Ukuyeka ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamagatsha, kufanele uyeke ukondla u-nitrogen fertilizer (phakathi no-Agasti).
• Amagatsha agulayo, aphuziwe, aphukile anqunywa ngezingcweti zensimu.

• Lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze ngaphansi kwesisombululo sempande, kuze kufike ukushisa kwezulu. Le nqubo inegalelo ekuthuthukiseni izimpande ezinzulu ezijulile ebusika.
• Umbuthano we-Pristvolny kufanele uhlanganiswe (lokhu kuzovikela izimpande ezingenhla kusuka kumaqhwa amaqabunga). Uhlaka lwe-mulch 5-7 cm. Entwasahlobo lingasuswa ukuze umhlaba uvuse ngokushesha.
• Ekwindla eyomile, thuja idinga ukuchelela okulinganiselayo. Ikakhulukazi imifucumfucu, ehluma unyaka wonke (ngisho nasebusika), idinga umswakama.
• Ukuze uvikele i-trunk emimoyeni enamandla, ungafaka inani eliqinile futhi ubophe isihlahla kuso.
• Ukuze uvikele isikhukhula esincane se-thuja kusuka efrijini, ungabeka amabhalansi noma utshani esihlahleni.
• Ukuvikela ukushiswa kwelanga (zakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho ilanga liphuza izinaliti nomswakama kusukela ohlelweni lwempande alisayi kufika), ebusika bokuqala emva kokutshala, i-thuja ihlanganiswe ngendwangu engavamile yokugqoka. Kodwa ungagcini lesi sitshalo ngokuqinile, ngoba phakathi nesikhukhula isithwathwa se-trunk singenzeka.

Kubalulekile!Kunomuthi okhethekile "Purshate", okuvikela ukushisa kwelanga. Kufanele ifakwe emasileni - futhi kuhlanganiswe ifilimu evikelayo, engeke ivumele umswakama ukuba uqhume. Lesi sigqoko esivikelayo sihlanza ngamanzi ngesikhathi semvula kanye nomuthi wokunisela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukwakha isakhiwo esikhokhelwayo esizungeze isitshalo.

Ukusebenza okunjalo kubiza kakhulu, kepha kuyisiphendule kunazo zonke embuzweni othi "Ukunakekela kanjani i-thuja ebusika emgwaqeni?".