Hibiscus

Indlela yokunakekela i-hibiscus yangaphakathi

Hibiscus - ummeleli okhanyayo womndeni waseMalvaceae, enezimbali ezimibalabala, ezinhle, eziyingqayizivele futhi ebushelelezi, ekhomba emaphethelweni, amaqabunga e-emerald. Isakazwe emvelweni wezhisayo. Ngenxa yobuhle bayo obungenakuqhathaniswa nokungazithobeki, kukhule kakhulu njengembali yasekhaya, i-hibiscus nayo idliwe, igqoke njengomhlobiso futhi isetshenziselwe ukwenza upende.

Uyazi? Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwe-hibiscus kubuyele esikhathini seGrisi lasendulo. EYurophu, kwafika ngekhulu le-XVII e-Asia.

Izinhlobo ezidumile ze-hibiscus yangaphakathi

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 emhlabeni jikelele. Izinhlobo ezintathu ezidumile kakhulu ze-hibiscus yangaphakathi ziyiShayina, iSiriya, zahlakazwa.

Isi-Chinese

I-Hibiscus yamaShayina (i-Chinese Rosean, i-Chinese Rose, i-Indoor Rose) - ukuhlobisa, isitshalo esikhulayo esihlala njalo esiqhingini sasePacific naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 ze-hibiscus.

Ifinyelela emamitha amathathu kuya phezulu, inamaqabunga amnyama e-emerald nge-notches futhi enkulu (kuze kufike ku-16 cm ejobeni lesiphambano) i-semi-double noma izimbali ezilula zazo zonke imibala engenzeka. Umbala wabo uhluka kusuka ebomvu kuya ku-pink, kusuka emlilweni ovuthayo kuya ophuzi.

Emva kokuvula ihlumela, imbali ihlala cishe usuku, nakuba isikhathi sokumbali sesitshalo sonke siqala kusukela ngoMashi kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla. Lolu uhlobo olujwayele kakhulu nolwaziwa kakhulu lwezinto zokuhlala ekhaya. Kukholelwa ukuthi kunomthelela omuhle emkhathini ekamelweni, ulihlanze. Imbali yale hibiscus ayibalulekile kakhulu ekunakekeleni.

ISiriya

I-hibiscus yaseSiriya (iRussia rose, uBirch) - i-stiduous shrub, indawo yokuzalwa kuyo i-Asia Minor (India, China). Enye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-hibiscus ezikwazi ukukhula endaweni evulekile emazingeni aphansi.

Iphila kuze kube ngamakhulu eminyaka, ngenkathi ikhula kancane futhi iqhuma okokuqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-3 noma emine. Izimbali zifana ne-mallow, amaqabunga ahlaza, akhanyayo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama roses aseSyria.

Uyazi? I-hibiscus yaseSyria iyimbali yombuso yaseMalaysia, uphawu lweHaiti. I-ruby kanye nezimbali zepinki ziyingxenye ebalulekile yengubo yomshado kwezinye izifundazwe zaseNdiya.

Ihlukaniswe

I-Hibiscus ihlukaniswe (i-Shizopetalus, i-Earring Princess) - I-shrub ehlala njalo eluhlaza efinyelela kumitha yokuphakama isakazeke, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, evela e-Central Africa noma eBrazil. Ikhula kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba.

Izimbali ezine-pestle ehamba phambili zibomvu, i-orange, noma i-red-orange. Baye bahlukanisa izikhala ezinamaphiko nge-fringe. Ngokujwayelekile kufinyelela ububanzi okungaphezu kuka-8 cm. Amaqabunga ayenamabala, aluhlaza. Esikhathini sethu sezulu singakhula kuphela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo noma emkhathini.

Ukukhula kwe-hibiscus yangaphakathi endlini

I-Hibiscus ayiyona into enhle futhi ikhuthaze kakhulu okuqukethwe okungalungile. Kodwa, uma ufuna i-hibiscus flower ukuqhakaza, Kufanele ulandele imithetho embalwa elula yokumnakekela ekhaya.

Ukunisela nokukhanyisa

Kufanele kuphuziswa ngamanzi ahlelekile, alula, amanzi atshisayo. Gwema ukomisa inhlabathi, kanye nomswakama walo ngokweqile.

Etshaleni nasehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kube nokuningi futhi ngokushesha (uma nje ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi luma), futhi ekwindla nasebusika, kufanelekile ukulinda ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kwenhlabathi eyomile.

I-Hibiscus isitshalo esithandayo, kodwa ukukhanya akufanele kube nokushisa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ngenkathi ehlobo ukukhanya kuhlakazekile, kungaqondile, futhi ebusika - kuthatha ukunakekelwa kokukhanya okungeziwe. Kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela lamaRain aseMpumalanga nasentshonalanga.

Izimo zokushisa

Ukushisa okufanelekile kwe-hibiscus kuyinto engu-20 ° С - + 25 ° С, ekuqaleni kwekwindla kufanele kuncishiswe ku-16 ° С - + 18 ° С, nasebusika - kuya ku-14 ° С - + 16 ° С. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ebusika hhayi isimo esiphoqelekile sokuphila kwesitshalo, kodwa izimpande zezimbali ziboshwe kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Kubalulekile! Ukushisa okungenani okungavumelekile kwe-hibiscus kufinyelela ku-10 ° C. Ku-10 ° C nangaphansi, amaqabunga aqala ukuwa esitshalweni.

Umswakama womoya

Imbali ye-hibiscus ayiyona into ecacile kuleso sibonakaliso njengomswakama futhi kule ndaba, kulula kakhulu ukuyikhathalela - ngokuvamile okwanele ukupula isitshalo ngamanzi afudumele. Kuzovimbela nokuthi kwenzeke imikhaza. Ungafaki njalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okwedlulayo, ngoba, lapho amanzi egeleza emakhaleni, imilenze yawo iyasheshisa.

Umhlabathi wokutshala nokukhula

I-Hibiscus ayiyona ingenangqondo ngokuphathelene nenhlabathi. Kodwa kufaneleke kakhulu enhlabathini yezingxenye ezilinganayo zesihlabathi, i-humus, i-peat kanye nomhlaba, Ungangeza izinhlayiya ezincane zamalahle. Ungasebenzisi izinkomo ezimile noma ezingabolile.

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula futhi ivuleke emoyeni ukuze ifinyelele izimpande. Vula umhlaba ngezikhathi ezithile. Njengoba i-rose yamaShayina ayibekezelelisi umswakama owedlula ngokweqile, ukuyikhathalela kufanele iphakamise amanzi nakanjani.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye namanyolo

Ukuze ukhuthaze izimbali, phakathi nalesi sikhathi i-hibiscus kufanele ifakwe umanyolo wamaminerali nge-nitrogen njalo ngenyanga. Izinhlayiya ze-Iron nezethusi nazo zizozuzisa. Ungakwazi ukunye okunye nomanyolo ophilayo.

Ukugqoka ama-magnesium amaqabunga ngezikhathi ezithile kuvunyelwe. Lesi sitshalo siphendula kahle ngokupomfaza ngezixazululo ezibuthakathaka ezinamandla ezimpande. Ebusika, kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba kusuka ku-phosphorus ne-potassium ngesigamu sesilinganiso. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuphumula okukhulunywayo akunikezi ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale umanyolo, ungakhohlwa ukuthululela i-hibiscus.

Hibiscus izihlahla

Kunemithetho embalwa elula yokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani i-rose yangaphakathi yama-Chinese. Isikhathi sokuqala ukusika kufanele kwenziwe eneminyaka emibili.

Okulandelayo, yenza inqubo njalo ngonyaka, njengoba izimbali zakha kuphela emisha, amahlumela abasha.

Isikhathi esihle salokhu kungukuqala kwentwasahlobo bese ngekwindla. Linda izinsuku ezintathu emva kokuchelela, usuke eshicilelwe ngu-5 mm, ukusika kufanele kube ngu-45 °. Ungayinqamu ngaphezu kuka-2/3 wegatsha.

Ukufakelwa kweHibiscus

Faka esikhundleni i-hibiscus encane minyaka yonke, uvuthiwe njalo eminyakeni embalwa. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu kwentwasahlobo. Phambi kwamanzi isitshalo.

Kubalulekile!Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, nisela ikhala ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuzosiza izimpande zikhule kangcono.

Ukusabalalisa kwe-hibiscus yangaphakathi

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhiqiza: ukusebenzisa imbewu, usebenzisa izicucu.

Uma indlela yokuqala elula kakhulu kuwe, qala ngaleso sikhathi ebusika - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Gcwalisa okusanhlamvu ku-"Epinay" noma okulinganayo ngamahora angu-12.

Thatha inhlabathi kusuka ku-peat nesihlabathi. Beka ngaphansi kwengilazi. Gcina izinga lokushisa elizungeze + 27 ° C. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili, ngezinye izikhathi ufafaza izithombo, ventilate; emva - ukufakelwa embizeni encane evamile.

Indlela yesibili ithandwa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngemva kokunciphisa. Isiqu kufanele sibe nama-3-4 ama-knot, futhi sibe ngu-10 cm ubude.

Amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu anqunywe ngesigamu. Lubricate i-cut with stimulants ukukhula. Beka isiqu emhlabathini wenhlanganisela ye-peat nesihlabathi noma amanzi, ikhava ngilazi noma ifilimu.

Qiniseka ukuthi izinga lokushisa aligcini ngezansi + 25 ° C. Ngemuva kokuba izimpande zivele - zifakelwa embizeni nomhlaba (humus, sand, sod land kanye namaqabunga emhlabeni ngo-2: 1: 1: 1).

Indlela yokwenza i-hibiscus iqhakaze

Ukuze amaShayina avele ukuqhakaza, kwanele ukulandela amathiphu angenhla. Nikeza lesi sitshalo ngokwanele ukukhanya okungaqondakali, ubheke amazinga okushisa afanelekayo wezinkathi ezihlukene, ushintshe umhlabathi futhi uwuhlwanyele, ungakhohlwa ukusika i-hibiscus, njengoba kuhlanganiswa amahlumela amahlumela amancane.

Landela imithetho elula yokunakekelwa futhi lesi sitshalo esihle siyokujabulela ngokuqhakaza kwayo isikhathi eside.

Kulesi sihloko, watshelwa ngesitshalo esimangalisayo nesimnandi, mayelana nezinhlobo zayo ezidumile nokuthi ungakhula kanjani i-hibiscus ekhaya. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lwaluyithakazelisayo futhi lusizo, futhi ibhodlela lakho lizokhula, liqhakaze futhi lijabulise iminyaka.