I-Alpine breed breed yilapho isizwe sasendulo. Kwaxoshwa emadolobheni aseSwitzerland. Sekuyisikhathi eside lezi zimbuzi zihlala emadlelweni alpine kuphela (yilapho i-etymology yegama ivela khona). Ekhulwini lama-20 leminyaka yekhulu lama-20, lolu hlobo lwasakazeka ensimini yase-Italy, eFrance nase-United States, lapho eqinisweni yathola ukuthandwa kwayo.
I-Alpine breeds yemfuyo ithonye kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane. Ngakho-ke, emazweni ahlukene, ngenxa yokuhlukana kwalolu hlobo ne-Oberhazlis, intaba yase-Alpine, yase-Swiss Alpine, yaseMelika, yaseBrithani neyesiFulentshi, imfuyo yezinkomo yabonakala.
1. Ukubukeka
Ngaphandle, uhlobo lwe-Alpine lukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zobuhlanga. Iziqhingi zinemibala ehlukahlukene: kusukela ezimpunga zibe zibomvu, futhi zivela ezimhlophe zibe zimnyama.
Ngokuphathelene nombala ojwayelekile wohlobo, kungashiwo ukuthi izingalo emadolweni, isisu esingaphansi, isidumbu kanye nezindlebe zimnyama. Isikhathi eside kakhulu njengesibonakaliso sohlobo singaba yimuphi umbala, kodwa ezikhathini zanamuhla, ngokungafani nezinhlanga ezibomvu ze-toggenburg nezimhlophe ze-Saanen, umbala we-Alpine ushintshiwe ngokuphelele.
Nakuba lolu hlobo lukhulu kakhulu, lunomusa futhi lunomthethosisekelo oqinile. Ukuphakama kwezimbuzi ekubhakeni kungama-66-76 cm, izimbuzi zingama-79-86 cm. Inhloko imfushane futhi ilula, izimpondo zinezigqoko futhi ziyizicabha. Iphrofayli iqondile, izindlebe zakha futhi ziqondile. I-wide and voluminous, esifubeni esifubeni, intamo emfushane, iqonde emuva ne-sacrum encane - izici eziyinhloko zokubukeka kwalesi sizwe.
Uhlobo lwe-Alpine lunezinyawo ezincane kakhulu futhi ezincane, okungase kubonakale sengathi buthaka. Kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, ziphikelela kakhulu, izinhlanzi ezinamandla, ezithambile futhi eziqinile ngaphakathi, kunzima kakhulu ngaphandle. Eziningi zalezi zimbuzi zinezinwele ezimfushane, nakuba zinde isikhathi eside ezinkalweni nasemuva.
2. Izinzuzo
Lolu hlobo luvuthiwe kakhulu, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile lungakwazi ukukhiqiza kuze kube yizinyane ezine kwelinye ilitha. Isici esiyinhloko sezimbuzi ze-alpine yikhono labo lokuzivumelanisa nanoma yiliphi indawo kanye nezimo ezihlukene zezulu. Imvelo yezimbuzi "ilula" kakhulu, njengoba inobungane futhi isabela kubanikazi bayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathelene nezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobo, zizama ukuba ziphakeme futhi zibusa bonke abanye. Yingakho kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ama-Alpines ngeke alambile.
Uhlobo lwezimbuzi lwe-Alpine luhlukaniswa nokungahloniphi okungokwemvelo kokudla kwawo. Okufanayo kungashiwo ngokuqukethwe kwalolu hlobo, ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimo abahlala kuzo nokuthi umnikazi wabo ungubani.
3. Ukungalungi
Okuyinhloko kanye nenye yezinkinga eziphawulekayo zohlobo lwe-Alpine yi-egoism and egocentrism yayo. Ngokuqondene nomnikazi, unomusa futhi unomoya omnene, kodwa ngokuphathelene nomlingani wezinkomo - uhlukile.
Ngenxa yokuziphatha kwabo ukulawula ezinye izinhlobo emhlambini wezinkomo, zingadla ezinye izinhlanzi. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukungalaleli kwezinye izimbuzi, bangabaxosha emgodini bese bebaxosha ngezimpondo zabo.
4. Izici
Isici esiyinhloko salesi sizwe ukuhambisana kwayo. Imbuzi e-Alpine inezinkomba ezingenakulinganiswa ngokukhiqiza, ngoba zikhiqiza inani elikhulu lobisi, eliqinisa isikhundla sayo ngezindleko zekhwalithi. Ngakho ama-alpine ngokwabo anakho idatha enhle kakhulu namathuba okuthela izithelolapho bahlala khona isikhundla esiphakeme ngokuphathelene nezinye izinhlobo.
Ngokuhambisana nalezi zici, ama-alpine ayizibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zokuguqula nokuthuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo zembuzi. Phakathi nokuzalana nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, cishe wonke umuntu wayenezinguquko endaweni yokukhiqiza (ukwandisa kokuqukethwe kwamafutha nobisi obuningi), kanye nasemkhakheni wokuzala (uma ngaphambi kokuba udoti owodwa ube nembuzi eyodwa, khona-ke ngenxa yokukhetha umuntu okhethiwe uyokhipha ezimbili noma ezintathu udoti).
5. Ukukhiqiza
I-Alpine breed breed inekhono elihle kakhulu emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ubisi. Imbuzi ekhulile inesisindo sika 60-64 kg, nembuzi - 75-80 kg. Njengoba izimbuzi ziningi-ezivundile, ezifika ezinganeni ezine zingafakwa ngembuzi eyodwa. Kukhona nokukhiqiza ubisi oluphezulu kakhulu: ngokuba ulayini owodwa, ogcina isilinganiso cishe kwezinsuku ezingu-315, ungafinyelela imiphumela 750-1000 kg. Uma imbuzi igcinwa ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu, inokudla okuhle kakhulu, khona-ke ukukhiqiza ubisi kungafinyelela ku-1600 kg ubisi.
Ukukhishwa kwebisi ukukhiqizwa kwama-lactation ngayinye kwarekhodwa e-United States futhi kwafinyelela ku-2215 kg ubisi. Lezi zibalo ezimangalisayo ezishiya cishe zonke ezinye izimbuzi zobisi ezikhiqizayo kakhulu.
Okuqukethwe kwamanoni okumanyo kuxhomeke ngokuqondile ezimweni zembuzi. Ngakho-ke, iphesenti ye-fat content ingahluka kusuka ku 3.5 kuya ku-5,5%. Ubisi lunambitheka kakhulu futhi obuhle kakhulu. Yingakho kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyosi. Ukukhiqiza inyama kunelisekile.
Ukukhiqiza ubisi nsuku zonke kufinyelela ku-8 kg ubisi. Ngaphezu kokuqukethwe kwamafutha ka-5.5%, ubisi obunjalo kumacala ahlukene lungaba namaprotheni angama-4%, okuyi-indicator ephezulu.
6. Izici zokuzalanisa
Njengoba lo mhlanga unomlingiswa omuhle kakhulu ngokuphathelene nomphathi, ngeke kube nzima ukuthola ulimi oluvamile nalo. Kuyafana nokukwazi kwakhe ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukene zokuboshwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Yingakho i-alpine ikhuthaze kakhulu ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu.
Izimpethu zinezimpondo zondliwa ngendlela efanayo nezimbuzi ezivamile. Kodwa kukhona esinye isici esihlukile esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni kwalolu hlobo: amanzi. Ukuphuza kuyithuluzi eliyinhloko lomuntu ekudaleni izimo ezifanele zokukhiqiza ubisi oluphumelelayo. Yingakho badinga izikhathi ezingaphezulu zokuphuza amanzi amaningi kunamanye amabhishi aphakeme kakhulu.
Ngokuba izimbuzi ezihamba phambili zikhetha izindawo ezisezintabeni, futhi ikakhulukazi - amadlelo amakhulu. Ngokuzaliswa kohlobo lwe-Alpine noma yisiphi isikhulu esincane esingakwazi ukubhekana nayo.
Kanye nazo zonke izimfanelo zalolu hlobo, kungashiwo ukuthi ukuzalela kuyinkampani enenzuzo kakhulu futhi inenzuzo. Yebo, izindleko zokuqala zikhulu, ezizibonakalisa ngokwazo emalini yembuzi. Kodwa nokho, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze bonke bazokhokha futhi bazokwazi ukuletha imali engenayo.
Ukuwela izimbuzi nezinye izilwane kuzoletha inzalo enhle, ngezinye izikhathi eyadlula abazali bayo. "Ukuhlukanisana" okunikeza ithuba lokuthola inzalo efanelekayo yezithelo.
Ngokubambisana nazo zonke izimfanelo zohlobo lwezimbuzi ze-Alpine, kungashiwo ngokuqiniseka ukuthi kufanele kube neyodwa yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezimbuzi eziphezulu ze-ubisi. Ukunakekela okufanele, ukunakekelwa okufanele (ngalokhu kusho umusa, ukufudumala nokukhathazeka ngokuphathelene), iziphetho ezivame kakhulu emadlelweni ezentaba, zizoletha imiphumela ephakeme kakhulu, kokubili emkhakheni wezithelo nokuzala, nasensimini yokukhiqiza okuhle, ubisi obuphezulu.
