Ukukhulelwa kwezinkukhu kunenzuzo futhi kulula.
Kodwa izinkukhu, amahansi noma amadada azikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngenani elinjalo lenyama ukuze londle umndeni omkhulu.
Kule nkinga, ukhetho oluhle yi-turkeys, isisindo sayo singafinyelela ku-20-30 kilogram.
Lezi zinyoni zinamanye amanani amaningi, okubaluleke kunayo yonke inyama yazo yokudla enhle kakhulu.
Namuhla, hhayi kuphela abalimi bezinkukhu, kodwa futhi abalimi sebeqale ukukhiqiza ama-turkeys.
Uma futhi unesithakazelo ku-turkeys njengenkukhu, sizozama ukutshela ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nezinzuzo nezinkinga zokuzalana kwazo.
Noma kunjalo: Kulula kangakanani ukuzala ama-turkeys ekhaya?
Eqinisweni, ama-turkeys okuzala akulula kakhulu, ngoba lezi zinyoni ziyizinhlanzi futhi azihambisani nesikhathi esincane, njengezinye izinyoni ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, ukulala amanga nokudumisa lezi zinyoni kuwe ngeke kwenzeke, kepha ake sibhekane nalolu daba ngokucacile futhi sichaze kokubili ukufaneleka kwabo uma sikhule emndenini nasezinhlelweni.
Izinzuzo nezinzuzo ezivela ekuzalweni kwe-turkey
Izinzuzo zokuzalanisa le nyoni ngokuqinisekile zikhulu kakhulu, futhi okokuqala kufanele uqaphele inyama enhle kakhulu abanikezayo. Libhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla, futhi kuletha izinzuzo eziningi uma zisetshenzisiwe:
- I-Turkey iqukethe amazinga e-cholesterol aphansi kakhulu, okuyinto ngisho nenkukhu enjalo engabizi kakhulu yenkukhu ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa.
- Ukwakhiwa kwaleli nyama kuhlanganisa inani elikhulu lamavithamini, ama-amino acid ahlukahlukene kanye nama-microelements adingekayo emzimbeni womuntu.
- Inyama yaseTurkey yenziwe kalula ngomzimba, kunconywa ukuba kusetshenziswe ngezinkinga ezihlukahlukene nezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwendlela yamathumbu, akubanga imbangela yokugula.
Ungakhohlwa mayelana nesibindi se-turkey esiwusizo, esingagcwalisa umzimba wakho nge-folic acid namavithamini, okuyiqembu le-K.
I-Turkey inconywa ukuba isetshenziswe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane ezincane. Kukholelwa ukuthi iyakwazi ukuthola amandla ngemva komsebenzi omzimba omude futhi onamandla kakhulu, unomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwesimiso somuntu, kukhulula ukuleleka.
Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-turkeys abeka amaqanda amakhulu kakhulu kunenkukhu. Zingaphambi kwenkukhu kanye nokudla nokudla, phambi kwamaqanda e-turkey kuphela izigwaca nezinyoni zezinyoni. Kodwa-ke, inyoni echazweyo ayinalo ukukhiqizwa kweqanda elinamandla njengezinkukhu.
Uma ufuna ukunikeza umndeni wakho ngama-turkeys kuphela, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukuthenga le nyama ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kodwa nokho, inyama ethengweyo ayitholi ngaso sonke isikhathi imfanelo, futhi awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini eyondliwe futhi ihlasele inyoni epulazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakha ipulazi lakho ekhaya nakho kuyiqiniso.
Abalimi bezinkukhu abanokuhlangenwe nakho babethi ukuthi ama-turkeys akhiqizi nje kuphela akhokha ngokushesha, kodwa futhi aqala ukuletha inzuzo enkulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma uthengisa inyama ye-turkey eyenziwe ngokwenza, iyoba yinto ephakeme kakhulu, hhayi kuphela ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo eziphawulekayo, kodwa ngenxa yokunikezwa okuncane kakhulu kwalomkhiqizo emakethe.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-turkeys nawo sikhule ngokusheshangenkathi uthola ngokuqinile isisindo esibukhoma. Ngempela, ngesakhiwo somzimba we-turkey cishe u-60% we-mass mass isisindo somzimba, okungukuthi - inyama ebomvu yokudla ebaluleke kunazo zonke, mayelana nezindawo ezizuzisayo esizikhulume ngazo kakade.
Uma uhlanganyela ekuzaliseni i-turkeys ngenzuzo, khona-ke kuyazuzisa ukuthi, ngaphezu kokudla inyama, amaqanda, ama-poults amancane namancane amancane, phansi kanye nempaphe zingathengiswa.
Kodwa ekunakekeleni kwalezi zinyoni akuzona okwesimanga. Inani elifanele lokudla, amanzi amasha kanye nesikhala esanele endlini kukhona okubaluleke nakakhulu kanye nezidingo kuphela zezimo okudingeka zinikezwe izinyoni.
Izinkinga nezinkinga lapho kuhlanganiswa khona inqubo yokukhuphula kanye nokuzalisa ama-turkeys
Naphezu kokuthi abantu abadala abadala kulezi zinkukhu abadingi ukuzikhathalela kakhulu, lokhu akufanele kuthiwa nge-turkey poults ezelwe kuphela. Ngalesi sikhathi banomusa kakhulu futhi banomthelela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yethonya langaphandle.
Ukudla okungenakufaneleka, okuphansi kakhulu noma izimo eziphezulu zokushisa, izimo zezindlu ezingalungile ezimweni eziningi ziholela ekufeni kwengxenye encane yabasha.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela ukufa kwabo, kufanelekile ukucabangela lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwama-turkeys kufanele kugcinwe ekamelweni elinamazinga okushisa ama-33 º C, njalo njalo izinsuku ezingu-5. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuze kufike ngosuku lweshumi, kufanele linciphise libe ngu-27 ºС, futhi kusukela ngosuku lweshumi nane kuya ku-23 ºС.
- Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-poults aphansi e-turkey adinga ukushisa okungaphezulu kunelabo abanemifantu emnyama.
- Awukwazi ukuthi intsha ihambise ukushisa.
- Uma izinkukhu ze-turkey sezixazulule inkukhu, khona-ke endlini iyanele ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa lama-23 ºС, okunye kuzokuhlinzeka ngokwakho.
- Kuze kube yilapho ama-poults afinyelela eminyakeni engama-5 amasonto futhi ukukhula kwesikhumba akufaki emakhaleni abo, ungawavumeli ukuthi bahlangane namanzi, amazolo nezinye izidumbu.
- Kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezinkukhu izinkukhu, njengoba lokhu kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kuyimbangela yokufa kwabo. Faka ngaphansi kwekhadibhodi ngaphansi kokuphakelayo, futhi kungenjalo akuyona insimbi eqinile.
Uma zizalisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni, akunakwenzeka ukugcina izinkukhu zazo zihlangene, lapho izikhukhukazi zisabela kabi - zingagula nge-enterohepatitis. I-Poults ithuthuka kancane kancane futhi ivumelane nemvelo yangaphandle kunokuba izinkukhu zikwazi ukugula ngokushesha, ziphendule ngokushelela ekamelweni eliguqukayo noma ekuphakelayo.
Futhi, ngokuqinisekile badinga amanzi afudumele, ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho ungavumeli izinkukhu ezincane zingene emanzini ngokuphelele, hhayi emanzini.
Inkinga evamile kakhulu eyenzekayo lapho unakekela ama-turkeys omdala ukukhuluphala. Kulokhu, kudingeka uqaphele ukudla kwezinyoni, ukuze wenze ukudla okungaphezulu ngenxa yemvelo, ufulawa lwe-herbal. Izitshalo kumele zinikezwe kancane, zenze izinyoni zihambe kakhulu.
Izidingo zamakamelo ayisisekelo zamathambo
Mhlawumbe esinye sezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele sigcwaliseke ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuphakamisa izintambo ukudala indlu enkukhu efanelekayo. Kunezidingo ezanele kulokho, ngakho-ke sizobhala ngalunye ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngokucacile ngisho nakwabalimi bezinkukhu.
Yisiphi isimo sezulu okufanele sinikezwe ama-turkeys: izici ezibalulekile
- Izimo zokushisa nokugcinwa kwezinyoni ebusika.
Mayelana nokuthi yikuphi lokushisa okudingekile kuma-poultts amancane, sesiye sakhuluma. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akunakwenzeka futhi ukuvumela ukuqhwaba kwabantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sebusika kunconywa ukuhlinzeka ngaphakathi endlini ngisho nokushisa okhethekile, ukugwema izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-10ºС.
Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, kubalulekile okungenani ukufudumala indlu, ubeke phansi ngobuningi obukhulu bomshini omile. Kodwa ehlobo, kubalulekile ukuthi izinyoni azishisi kakhulu. Ukushisa okuphakeme akukona nje ukuphazamisa inhlalakahle jikelele yezinyoni, kodwa futhi kubangela ukusakazeka kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
- Ukungcola egumbini nezinyoni kufanele kube sezingeni lika-65-70%.
Kokubili umoya omile futhi omswakama kakhulu uthinta ukusebenza kwe-turkeys yokuphefumula, okuholela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Futhi, uma umswakama odingekayo emoyeni ungagcinwa, izinyoni zingase ziqale ukulahlekelwa amaphuphu.
- Ukuphuza umoya.
Kuyisici esibalulekile, ikakhulukazi lapho inani elikhulu labantu ligcinwa ekamelweni elilodwa nasenkathi eshisayo.
Umswakama awuhlali ezindaweni eziphefumulayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukha indlu ye-turkeys ungakhohlwa mayelana "nama-hood" akhethekile namafasitela, okufanele afakwe ngendlela yokuthi kuvinjelwe ukuvela kwezingqikithi.
- Vala ikamelo lama-turkeys.
Ukukhanyisa okufakwayo kubaluleke kakhulu uma ufuna ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkomo zakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amahora okukhanya abo ahlala cishe amahora angu-14 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke, ebusika, ama-light avuliwe kusukela ngo-6 ekuseni kuze kube yilapho ilanga liphuma.
Okufanayo kwenziwa kusihlwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkukhu ziyashesha ngokushesha, futhi intsha ikhula ngokushesha ukuze ifinyelele ekuvuthweni kocansi.
Sihlela indawo ekahle yabesifazane endlini
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abesifazane badinga izidleke lapho bangafaka khona amaqanda.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi zifinyeleleke kalula kuma-turkeys nakuwe, okungukuthi, ukuze uthathe amaqanda kuzo futhi uhlanzeke.
Kungcono ukubeka izidleke ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, lokhu kuvumela izinkukhu ukuba zizizwe ziphephile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
Futhi, kunconywa ukuba kufakwe endaweni ephakeme ngamamentimitha angama-25 kuya phezulu phansi, kuma-perches angemuva. Izimboni zivunyelwe ukuthi zifakwe emathangeni amaningana. Ku-4-5 turkeys kuyoba isidleke esisodwa esisodwa.
Isiphi isikhala abesilisa abidingayo?
Ngokuvamile, bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane badinga isikhala esiningi, ama-perches ahlangene, ama-manholes nomswakama okhethekile nomhlabathi. Okusho ukuthi, izinyoni zidinga ukuhlela igumbi lapho zingekho nje kuphela zokulala nokudla, kodwa futhi ziholele impilo yokusebenza kahle.
Ngokuyinhloko, ngisho nama-perches kufanele abe nokuphakama okungenani imitha eyodwa, uwabeke emdongeni ongemuva wendlu.
Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukugeza ngehlabathi nomlotha. Lezi "izithako" kumele zome. Zithululelwa ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukuba zifakwe ezindlini nge-turkeys. Ngosizo lwalezi zibhakabhaka izinyoni ziqeda ama-parasite ahlukahlukene.
Ingabe ama-turkeys adinga ama-paddocks: ahlele kahle indawo yendawo yabo
Ukuhamba ngalezi zinyoni kubaluleke kakhulu., ngoba ayinayo imiphumela emihle empilweni yezinyoni, kodwa futhi yenza lula ukugcinwa kwazo.
Ama-turkeys ayakuthanda ukuguqulwa kwezintaba, futhi isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi bayakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha, bavame ukugibela phezulu emithini uma bebona noma iyiphi ingozi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu kufanele luthathe okungenani lonke igceke lokuhamba.
Kodwa, kulokhu kunengozi yokuthi bazoshiya egcekeni, begijima phezu kocingo oluphansi, futhi kungase kubhidwe izicucu ngezinja. Kulesi simo, kungcono ukwakha amakheji amakhulu avulekile ngegridi.
Ukuhamba kuyigugu hhayi kuphela kubantu abadala, kodwa nakwabancane. Inani lokuhamba ngukuthi bavumela izinyoni ukuba zithole ukudla ngokuzimela, okwenza ukudla kwazo kuhambisane kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ezindaweni zokuhamba kwakukhona izimila eziningi, ezihlahleni kanye nezihlahla, emthunzini wezintambo ezizofihla ekushiseni.
Ngaphambi kokugeza kwemvelo nesihlabathi, ngeke kube nesidingo sokuyifaka ezinkukhu zezinkukhu.
Yidla ngokukhula okulungile nokugcwele kwama-turkeys
Ngokuvamile isithako esibaluleke kakhulu ku-turkey ration i-feed exubekile, enganikezwa izinyoni cishe kusukela ekuzalweni.
Futhi, ama-poults amancane kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza amaqanda abilisiwe nemikhiqizo yobisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, turkey ukufuna kakhulu amavithamini nama microelementsukuthi kudingeka bakhule futhi balondoloze igciwane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kanye ne-feed kufanele banikezwe:
- Imbewu yamabele kanye nokoloyi.
- Ukudla kwe-sunflower.
- Yondla imvubelo.
- I-Bone, inhlanzi nesidlo sakusihlwa.
- Izikhumba, amagobolondo ne-limestone.
- Ukupheka usawoti
Futhi, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi izinyoni ezinjengama-turkeys zidinga amanzi amaningi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele njalo ihlanzeke futhi ihlanzeke. Ngama-poults amancane, amanzi nawo afanele ukufudumala kancane.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kokubili imifino kanye nemifucumfucu igcinwa ehlanzekile njalo, ngoba ingaba umthombo wokusakazeka kwezifo.
Futhi, lezi zidingo ezilandelayo zihlinzekwa kubanikazi nabaphuza:
- Izici zezinyoni zezinyoni ezinama-turkeys zifana nalokho zalabo abondla izinkukhu. Kungaba yindawo efana nayo noma umgodla, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi zikhona ukuphakama okulula kwezinyoni. Ukulala imifino yokulala ngokugcwele - konke ukudla izinyoni okufanele zidle ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Izitsha zokuphuza nazo zibalulekile ukubeka ukuphakama kwe-turkeys, okungukuthi, ezingeni lezintamo. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinyoni azikwazi ukuziphendulela futhi zichithe amanzi.
Izinketho zokuthola isizukulwane esincane se-turkeys: ukusetshenziswa kwama-incubators nezinkukhu
Zombili lezi zinhlobo zokuzalanisa lezi zinyoni ziphumelela ngokulinganayo, kodwa okokuqala futhi kwesibili kukhona ukungalungi nezinzuzo.
Uma usebenzisa i-incubator kungenzeka ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo uzalise inqwaba yesitoko esincane. Ngalokho, ukungahloniphi kunikezwa cishe ngu-100%. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ama-turkeys amancane ngeke abe nezinkukhu ezizozibuka, futhi ukuze isizukulwane esincane singapheli, kuzodingeka uthuke kakhulu.
I-Turkey ngokwayo imnandi kakhulu izinkukhu nomama, nakuba kunjalo ukuzalwa kwabo kudlala indima enkulu kulokhu. Ngokwesilinganiso, owesifazane oyedwa uyakwazi ukuhlala amaqanda angu-16, nakuba ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi akusiyo yonke into ekhishwayo.
Ngakho-ke, ukunakekela isizukulwane esincane kuyoba nokuncane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kudingeke ukuba nenani elikhulu lezinkukhu. Kungaphetha ngokuthi ama-incubators asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-turkeys, kodwa wona ngokwabo ama-2-3 ama-hens azoba akwanele.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinyoni: izici ezibalulekile
Ngokuvamile, ngenhla sesivele sichaze izimo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ama-turkeys adinga ukukhula okuhle nokuthola isisindo. Ngokuqaliswa kwazo ngokugcwele kwanoma yikuphi ubunzima obunakekelwayo kuzovela cishe ngeke. Kodwa namanje, akumele neze ukhohlwe ukuthi:
- Ama-Turkeys abaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlanzeka, kanye nakho, kokubili ezinkukhu ezinkukhu kanye nasemhlabathini wokuhamba. Qinisekisa ukuthi uphilisa amagciwane ukuze ugcinwe lezi zinyoni, uma kwakukhona izinkukhu ezigcinwe ngaphambili noma ezinye izinyoni zezinyoni.
- Cabanga zonke izimo ze-microclimate zendlu ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo somuntu ngamunye, ngoba kunezifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo ezingabangela ukufa komhlambi wezilwane zakho ezifuywayo.
- Ukondla ama-turkeys kubalulekile ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lesi simo sisiza ukulondoloza umhlambi wezinyoni, futhi ukwandise ijubane lokuqoqa kwabo isisindo esibukhoma. Futhi, okungenani kanye ngesonto udinga ukuhlanza ngokucophelela abaxhasi nabaphuza.
