Abaningi bahlanganyela ekukhuliseni izinkukhu, ngoba lokhu akuyona ibhizinisi elikhohlisayo, kodwa umphumela uyasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni izindleko ezivela kwisabelomali siqu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abalimi bezinkukhu zanamuhla sebeye bafunda isifundo sokuthi ukusebenza kwaleli bhizinisi kuzoxhomeka ngokuqinile hhayi kwinani lokunakekelwa kokudla nokunyelwa kwezinyoni, kodwa futhi nokukhetha okulungile kokuzalwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yinhloso yokuzalisa izinkukhu: inyama, amaqanda noma i-fluff. lapho kwenzeka ukuthi izidingo zakho zinciphise kulezi zigaba ezintathu, sikukwazisa ukuthi unakekele ukwenziwa kohlobo, okuzofakwa kuwo wonke ama-athikili alandelayo - ezinyangeni ze-Kuchinsky.
Sizozama ukukunikezela kuzo zonke izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuzaleni, izinzuzo kanye nokungazi kahle kohlobo ngokwalo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinkukhu zaseJuichie zaseKuchinsky futhi yiziphi izinzuzo zayo: incazelo yezohlobo
Lolu hlobo luyaziwa isikhathi eside kakhulu, kanti nasemaphakathini amaningi abalimi bezinkukhu, kanye nabantu bendawo, umuntu angakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezinhlamvu zeJubae zaseKuchinsky, ezingatholakali ngokukhethekile, empeleni, ngokwemvelo.
Futhi, lo mhlobo ngokwawo watholakala ngenxa yokuwela iqembu lonke lezinkukhu ezenza kahle kakhulu izici zazo. Ngokuyinhloko, i-Australorp, Rhode Island, i-Striped Plymouthrock ne-Bury Leggorn izinhlobo zawela.
Inhloso yokuwela okunjalo kwakuwukuthola uhlobo oluhle kakhulu ngenhloso yonke, okungukuthi, hhayi kuphela ukuzaliswa kwezinhlobo zenyama, kodwa futhi nokukhiqiza amaqanda. Umphumela waba kuhle kakhulu, ngoba uhlanga olubi alukwazanga ukuthola ukuthandwa okunjalo futhi luhlala luthandwa kakhulu kuze kube namuhla.
Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi hlobo luni lohlobo olukhulunywa ngaso, okokuqala, cabanga izici izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukuwela:
- I-Australorp. Uhlobo lwabantu bonke - luletha inani elikhulu lamaqanda (kusuka kumaqanda angu-180 kuya kwangu-200 ngonyaka kusuka kolunye ungqimba) futhi unikeza inani elikhulu lenyama.
Isisindo somuntu ngamunye wesilisa singashintsha kusuka ku-2.7 kuya ku-4 kilogram, kuyilapho owesifazane esincane kakhulu - okungenani ama-kilogram ayi-3. Ngokwezinhlobo zokugubha iminyaka engu-Kuchinsky i-Australorp yaba yisisekelo sezakhi zofuzo.
- I-Rhode Island. Ngaphandle kwezwe jikelele, lolu hlobo luyisithwathwa semvelo sokunganaki ekunakekeleni nasekulimeni, kanye nokukhuthazela. Siyabonga, ubuhlobo esiba nesithakazelo buwamukele izimfanelo ezinjalo ezimangalisayo njengesizotha sokuzinza nokuvumelana kahle.
Isisindo se-rooster nezinkukhu zohlobo lwe-Rhode Island zicishe kufane nalesi sizwe esichazwe ngenhla.
- I-Plymouth Brock eqoshiwe ibhekisela ekuzaleni inyama, nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nakho kuyanelisa ngempela - amaqanda angama-160 ngonyaka. Uhlobo luvame ukusetshenziselwa njengento yokukhiqiza ezinye izinhlobo zezinkukhu, ngoba futhi akuyona into ebalulekile ekuqukethwe futhi inikeza inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yezinyama namaqanda.
- Brown Leggorn. Uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi yi-Italian Chicken Husk. Uhlobo oludumile lwesikhathi eside, olubaluleka ngomkhiqizo walo ophezulu ekubeka amaqanda amakhulu.
Isisindo esiyindilinga senyonikazi sifike ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-2.5, kanti owesilisa u-3.7. Ukuzivumelanisa kohlobo luphansi.
Incazelo eningiliziwe yokufaneleka komkhosi weKuchinsky wokuzalwa kwe-curia
Lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu aludingi kuphela kubaphathi bomndeni, kodwa nakwabathengisi abenza lolu hlobo ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu.
Isizathu sokufunwa kwalezi zinkukhu akukhona kuphela ekukwazi ukukhiqiza inqwaba yenyama, kodwa futhi ukuthola amaqanda amaningi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ukunambitheka kwenyama nomhluzi weJubilee we-Kuchi ozaliswa nemikhiqizo yenkukhu yezinye izinhlobo (isibonelo, iRhodde Island noma i-Plymutrovka efanayo), izobe iphakeme kuzo zonke izinkomba nezinqubo ezikhona.
Ngisho inyama ye-broiler ayikwazi ukuncintisana ngesineke ngenyama yezinkukhu ezichazwe. Futhi, inyama iqukethe amaprotheni amaningi, iyinambitheka kakhulu futhi iphunga elimnandi.
Kulula kakhulu futhi kulula ukusabalalisa lezi zinkukhu, ezithandwa yizinga eliphakeme lokungahloniphi izinga lika 82-94%. Okokuqala, lokhu kubonisa umsebenzi omuhle wocansi we-rooster.
Ngakho-ke, ngisho nabesilisa abayishumi bayokwanela ukuba owesilisa oyedwa enze amaqanda azaliswe. Okwesibili, ukwenza izinkukhu ezinjalo zilula futhi ekhaya, zibeka amaqanda okuzenzela ngaphansi kwenkukhu, okuyinto inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu.
Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu elifanele ukukhokha ngokukhethekile - izinkukhu Kuchinsky unyaka wokuzalwa sikhule ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi, kakade emavikini angu-20 ubudala, i-rooster ingaba ngamakhilogremu angu-2.4, futhi ngamaviki angu-52 ithola okungenani 1 kilogram ngesisindo.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngezimbangela zokufa kwama-broilers.
Izinkukhu ngokwemvelo zikhanya kancane, nakuba zingasuki ngemuva - ngokuvamile isisindo ngesonto lama-20 liyi-2 kilogram, futhi ngesonto lama-52 - 2.7.
Lesi sici singenxa yesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sezinyoni zezinyoni ezichazwe, ezikwazi ukucubungula kahle ukudla okutholiwe futhi zisebenzise kakhulu izakhi ezitholakala kuyo.
Izazi ze-biologists kanye ne-physiologists bathole ukuthi ngisho nezinkukhu ezinama-4 ezinamaviki cishe zinamathuba amaningi okuhlanganisa amaminerali afana ne-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, ne-fat (ephuma ngokudla), ngisho noma siwaqhathanisa noBrailers no-Plymouths.
Ukunciphisa umzimba okunjalo kwalezi zinkukhu kubenza bakwazi ukwakha umthethosisekelo oqinile ngaphambili, ukuze bathole isisindo esiphilayo.
Ngokwemvelo, uhlanga lokho ibhekisela ku-oviparous, akukwazi ukumangala ngokulingana kwamaqanda asetshenziswa izinkukhu. Ngokuyinhloko, ngonyaka owodwa wokuqala wokukhiqiza komuntu oyedwa, kusuka kumaqanda angu-180 kuya ku-240 angatholakala, okuyisilinganiso esingavamile kakhulu.
Ngalokhu konke, ukubeka amaqanda kuqala ukuqala ezinyangeni ezingu-5.5-6. Isisindo sesilinganiso seqanda cishe ama-gram angu-58, futhi umbala wegobolondo unombala obomvu, onobuthi obuncane obubomvu.
Kungenzeka yini ukuzala iJuba leJuba ekhaya?
- Umkhiqizo ophezulu, ongeyona nje inani lezinyama namaqanda, kodwa futhi ekuzaleni ukwenziwa kohlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinkukhu zizibonakalisa njengomama okhathalelayo kakhulu, kuyinto engavamile ukuthi inkukhu iphonsa amaqanda ngaphambi kokuba izinkukhu zivele.
Kungase kube nomthelela onjalo, njengokukhathala ngokweqile kwenkukhu, okuvela ngokungafuni kwayo ukushiya isidleke ngamaqanda ngesikhathi sokufakelwa (ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuyiqhuba bese uyondla ngokukhethekile).
Ngakho-ke, uma amaqanda abeka phansi ngaphansi kwawo ayesehle, khona-ke azoba ngu-100% enikeza isizukulwane esisha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cishe isigamu sazo zonke izinkukhu ziba amaphuphu, okuzohlala kuzo izinkukhu ezingaba ngu-30.
- Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinkukhu ezizalwe ukuzalanisa okwenziwa ngokweqile, kuyinto engavamile ukuthola okunjalo okungavumelani nokuxosha esikhathini esizayo, ikakhulukazi uma kugcinwe ekhaya.
Kodwa ukuzalwa kwezinkukhu zeKuchinsky kunyaka efanayo futhi kubhekisela kulokho, okuyivumela ukuba kuzalwe lolu hlobo iminyaka eminyaka, ukuthola ukukhiqiza okufanayo okuphezulu.
- Ukuphila kwemikhiqizo ehlongozwayo kuphakama kakhulu, okuphinde kuqinisekiswe ukufaneleka kwabo kokulima nokuzala ekhaya. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kunomthelela ekwenzeni i-poduh enamandla, okuyisivikelo esihle kunazo zonke ngokumelene nesithwathwa.
Ngisho nenkinga enjalo yemikhakha eminingi njengoba umonakalo esiqhumeni ngenkathi ebandayo yonyaka akuyona into enhle yeJubilee yaseKuchinsky, ngoba inamabanga amancane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezulu elibandayo, lezi zici kanye nezici zinomthelela omuhle wokubekezelelana nokushisa.
- Ikhwalithi yokugcina ikhonjiswe nenkomba yokulondoloza izilwane ezincane, okulingana no 96-98%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinkukhu ezincane kakhulu zifa ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka noma ukunganakwa kwenkukhu, futhi futhi, abavame ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
- Ukuzivumelanisa kahle kakhulu kwezimo ezahlukene zezulu nezokuqukatha. Ngisho nokuzaliswa kwezimboni zalolu hlobo (okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwezinkukhu emasethini), ukukhiqiza kwawo nokuzala akunciphisi.
Ngeziphutha zohlobo nokuthi zingabathonya kanjani
Eqinisweni, lolu hlobo alukho neze amaphutha, akusilo ngalutho ukuthi lwakhiwa ngendlela enzima kakhulu yokuzalanisa. Kodwa namanje, kunezinto ezincane eziqukethwe ngokuqukethwe okufanele ukukhokha ngokukhethekile.
Ngakho nge-overfeeding eqinile i-curia yohlobo oluchazwe, ikakhulukazi ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila kwawo, esikhundleni sesisindo esibukhoma, baqala ukuthola amanoni. Ngenxa yalokho, kunciphisa noma ngisho ikhono lokubeka amaqanda.
Kulesi simo, ngisho nakutholakala kulolu cala, amaqanda ngokuvamile ayengaziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni zingenza buthakathaka kakhulu isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ngokuvamile siqala ukugula futhi sibheke ngokujulile.
Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kungcono ukusindisa ukudla kunokuba uwedlule ngobuningi bawo. Izinkukhu zezilwane zezinkukhu ziphikisa ukuthi kungcono kakhulu uma izinkukhu zishiya abanikazi bezinkomo belambile, okuzosiza ekubukeni kwabo okunempilo.
Izici zokungafani nokubukeka kocansi Kuchinsky inkumbulo yenkukhu
Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa ama-cockerels ezinkukhu kusukela ekuzalweni kanye, futhi ubulili bungasethwa ngamathuba angu 90%.
Iningi lezinkukhu lihlukile embala kusukela ku-fawn kuya kumnyama omnyama, kanye namaphethini emigqagqabha ngemuva futhi isici esimnyama esihlokweni. Kodwa lapha ngama-cockerels amaphiko ecaciswa kakhulu, uma siqhathanisa nombala womzimba wonke.
Futhi, ibhantshi ingahle likhanyiswe ngokuphelele noma libe nebala elikhanyayo phakathi. Izinkukhu kungenzeka zingenalo amabala nhlobo, noma zingase zibe khona ekupheleni kwamaphiko azo.
Ekukhuleni umbala we-feather lolu hlobo lweqiniso iyashintsha: kuba i-golden-calico ngesifo sokuvuvukala okuluhlaza okweqile. Umgogodla wepeni unomthunzi okhanyayo, ukuze izidumbu zezinkukhu zingenayo insipho emnyama.
Izakhiwo zinezimpuphu ezibomvu, okwenza zikhanyise kakhulu futhi zikhangele. Ngaphambi kokuphumelela kwesikhathi esivuthiwe, izimpaphe ezisebusweni nasemaceleni ezansi ziba shiny negolide. Kodwa esifubeni nomsila, kuguquka kumnyama.
Umcibisholo omnyama ungabonwa emaphikweni, ngesimo somnyama esimnyama salolu hlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke inqwaba yabo isithambile kakhulu futhi iningi, hhayi ukungafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo izinkukhu.
Kufanele uqaphele imizimba yomzimba nezici zesakhiwo Kuchinsky inkumbulo yenkukhu:
- Inhloko ye hen iyingcosana, ubukhulu obuphakathi.
- Umlomo ukhulu kakhulu futhi unamandla, ophuzi obomvu obomvu.
- Ama-earlobes abonakala ngokucacile, njengoba anemibala ebomvu.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kuyinto encane, amaqabunga.
- Isifuba sigcwele futhi sijule, futhi emuva kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuqondile.
- I-torso yezinyoni ingakapheli isikhathi eside, ephindaphinda imhlane.
- Amaphiko asondelene kakhulu nomzimba wenkukhu.
- Uhlobo lubonakala ngemilenze ephansi nombala ophuzi ohlukile.
A kancane mayelana nesimo curia echazwe uhlobo
Lezi zinyoni cishe ungadala izinkinga. Uma kungakapheli ukwenza izidleke endlini ye hen, khona-ke wonke amaqanda ayoba khona kuwo, futhi angahlakazeki kuzo zonke amalahle ezikhona noma ngisho nasegcekeni. Futhi, izinkukhu azilokothi zilale ezidlekeni, zikhetha ama-perches kubo. Ngakho-ke, aziboni izidleke noma izimpaphe zawo.
Ngisho nezinkukhu ezincane zibonisa masinyane ukuhlakanipha nokuzivumelanisa kahle. Ngokuyinhloko, ngokushesha bajwayele ukujwayela umuntu futhi bayeke ukwesaba ukubonakala kwakhe, ngokushesha bafunde ukuxhumana phakathi kokubukeka kwakhe nokubonakala kokudla okusha. Izinkinga azitholakali ngisho nalapho zidluliselwa kwelinye igumbi, zivumelanisa ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izici zokususa izinqwaba: ukwabelana nakho kanye nezimfihlo
Kungcono ukuzala lolu hlobo ngokwemvelo, ngosizo lwezinkukhu. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, le ndlela inikeza imiphumela engaba ngu-100%. Ungakhohlwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukushayela inkukhu emaqanda bese uyidla.
Kodwa-ke, uma unquma okokuqala ukuqala ukukhula hhayi kuphela izinkukhu zokugubha izinkukhu kuKuchinsky, kodwa futhi ukuqala ukulima kwezinkukhu okokuqala, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhetha indlela ye-incubator. Nakuba kunjalo, kulula ukuthenga amatshitshi emakethe, kodwa ngokuvamile kubiza okuningi.
Uma ugcina izinkukhu kuphela, kubalulekile ukugcina ukushisa okuphezulu, cishe ezingeni lika-30ºС, kancane kancane kwehla ku-20 ºС. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuzivumelanisa kwabo ezweni elingaphandle, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Yini ongayidla izinkukhu nezinkukhu ezindala Kuchinsky unyaka wokuzalwa?
Enye kanye nokuzalwa - ukungazitholi ekudleni. Ngakho-ke, izinkukhu ziqala ukondla amaqanda abilisiwe, kanye nobisi omuncu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imifino encane eqoshiwe, i-wheat bran, imifino ehlukahlukene (amazambane, ama-beet, izaqathe), ngisho nemvubelo ifakwe eqandeni.
Kuzinkukhu ezikhulile, imenyu idinga ukwenziwa ngcono, ngoba sifuna ukuthola isisindo esiningi nokufiphala. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ukondla izinyoni zakho:
- Izitshalo;
- Imifino nemifino yezimpande;
- Ukuhluma kusuka enhlanzi ne-clover;
- Ukuhlunga;
- Imikhiqizo yobisi;
- Igobolondo le-egg;
- Ubunhlamvu bommbila.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nokulungiswa kokudla
Ukugcina izinkukhu: yiziphi izimo okufanele zibhekwe njengesibopho?
Indlu yenkukhu yalolu hlobo kufanele yenziwe ivulekile futhi inenqwaba yamaphakheji okuhlala kanye nezihlalo zezidleke. Iphansi lihle kakhulu ngotshani, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uhlale umile.
Kanti futhi, akukho cala ukuthi umoya kufanele uvunyelwe ukuqhuma egumbini lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona. Kulokhu, uhlelo lokuphuza umoya luyadingeka.
Ngaphakathi kwegumbi kumele kubekwe amabhokisi ngokudla kanye negravel. Futhi kubalulekile unike izinkukhu amanziKodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akugcini kulo lonke indlu futhi akubanduli ngesikhathi sebusika.
Lolu hlobo lubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngama-paddocks avulekile ekuhambeni, lapho beyoba nethuba lokuzimela ngokuzithandela ukudla kwabo. Ikakhulukazi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwanikeza ukufinyelela ekutsheni obuluhlaza bese befuna izimbungulu ezihlukahlukene esihlabathini.
Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi umgwaqo esihlabathini ungumsebenzi ozithandayo wezinkukhu, ngenxa yokuthi zilahla izimpungushe.
Ukuzalwa okufana neKuchinsky oblast curia
Uma isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke ekukhetheni izinkukhu zokukhuphula okuqhubekayo yikhwalithi nenani lenyama, kanye nekhono labo lokubeka amaqanda, khona-ke kufanele uqaphele ezinye izinhlobo ezithakazelisayo.
Lezi izinkukhu zikaPoltava kanye neSalmon Zagorsky. Bazophinde bajabulise izithelo zeqanda eliphezulu futhi ngokuqinisekile uzoyithokozisa ikhwalithi yenyama efana neyohlobo oluchazwe.
