Ukuze kulondolozwe izinkukhu, kufanele ube nohlu olubanzi kakhulu lwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla, kufanele luqukethe eziningi zamaminerali nezakhi, eziqukethe izinto ezinjengamafutha, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate nazo zonke izinhlobo zamavithamini.
Yonke isondlo ingathengwa ezitolo, kodwa futhi ingalungiswa yedwa.
Yiqiniso, kulula ukuya esitolo, njengokupheka ukudla okuzenzelayo kunzima kakhulu.
Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungafunda ngokushesha lokhu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukunika ithuba lokulondoloza izinsiza zakho ezibonakalayo, kanye nokuthi uzokwazi ukuthi yini engena ku-feed yakho elungiselelwe.
Ngezansi sixoxisana nendlela yokulungisa ukudla kokubili izinkukhu nezinyoni ezindala.
Kanjani okufanayo ukulungiselela ukudla izinkukhu ngokwakho?
Uma ulondoloza kahle futhi uphakela izinkukhu, lokhu kuzokunika umphumela omuhle. Okokuqala, ubukhulu bezinkukhu buphakeme kakhulu, futhi esikhathini esizayo uzothola inyama enhle kakhulu, enempilo, edlayo namaqanda.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga ukudla kwezinkukhu udinga ukucabangisisa ngokucophelela, ngoba ukudla okunendima enkulu ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwawo. Ukudla okunomthelela kuthinta ukukhula kwabo, ukunambitheka kwenyama, kanye nokuphila kwabo nokuphila kwabo.
Kuyinto engokwemvelo ukuthenga ukudla esitolo esikhethekile. Lena inketho elula futhi kuthatha isikhathi esincane. Ukudla kungathengwa nasezikhungweni zezinkukhu.
Lesi sondlo sizoqukatha konke okwakudingeka kakhulu izinkukhu, futhi sizocabangela zonke izintandokazi zezinyoni. Kulokudla kuqukethe amavithamini amanengi, ewusizo.
Kodwa ungaphinde uchithe isikhathi esithile sakho futhi ulungiselele ukudla kwakho.
Kodwa ekuphepheni kwekhaya futhi kumele iqukathe konke okuyinkimbinkimbi yamavithaminiokuqukethwe kokudla okuthengiwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwazi ukulungiselela ukudla okulula kakhulu kwezinkukhu, okuqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo: ukolweni, ukolweni, ibhali kanye ne-oatmeal, kanye nekhekhe le-sunflower.
Ukuze ube namaprotheni ekuphaleni lapho udinga ukwengeza ithambo noma inhlanzi yokudla, i-cottage shizi. Lonke uhlu kufanele luxubane nobisi olusha noma oluvutshiwe. Futhi inkukhu ngayinye ukunikeza amagremu amathathu okudla okunjalo. Kungaba kuhle ukunikeza ngamunye wabo ihlumela lemvubelo.
Phakathi namasonto amabili okuqala, igumbi lekhanda kufanele libe njalo ukukhanyaNgokudlula la maviki, isikhathi sokukhanyisa singancishiswa sibe ngamahora ayishumi nane ngosuku. Kodwa izinsuku zokuqala kudingekile ukuqapha ukuziphatha kwabo ukuze zingaboni futhi ziboshwe.
Kubalulekile ukuthululela igugu elihle kulabo abondla izinkukhu ukuze ukudla kube kuhle kakhulu ngaphakathi kwesisu sezinkukhu.
Kumele futhi ukwazi ukulungisa izinkukhu emva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kusukela ekuzalweni kwazo.
Izinkukhu kufanele zondliwe njalo, futhi ngaphezu kokudla okuyisisekelo okuvela kokudla nobisi, kumele zondliwe ukudla okumile. Okuphakelayo kumele kutholakale njalo ezinkukhu. Kodwa futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla akusizi kahle kulabo abaxhasi, ngakho-ke akusibizi noma kubole.
Ungawondla kanjani izinkukhu ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwazo? Ukuze uthole ukudla, ungasebenzisa ingxube engenhla, kodwa udinga ukwengeza ekudleni kwawo imifino emisha. Kulokhu, inambuzane, i-alfalfa noma iklabishi izokwenza. Ungasebenzisa futhi izaqathe ezivuthiwe noma uziphazamise egunjini lenyama.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala, ungangezela amagremu amahlanu ngosuku ngosuku lokudla kwawo, bese uyakwazi ukwandisa inani lezinqathe kumagremu angu-20.
Abafuyi bezilwane basabeliswa ukuba basebenzise ukudla kwabo ukupha izinkukhu, kunokuba bathengwe esitolo. Njengoba ukudla okuzenzela kuyasiza kakhulu kunokuthenga.
Ngemva kokudla izinyoni ngokuthenga ukudla, kungaba nezinkinga eziningi: izifo ezihlukahlukene, ubuthakathaka nezinye izinkinga. Futhi, akunakwenzeka ukushintsha kakhulu ukudla okufakelwayo kokudla okulungiselelwe wena, lokhu kuguqulwa kufanele kube kancane kancane.
Yini okufanele idle izinkukhu ezinsukwini eziyishumi nane zokuqala zokuphila kwazo?
Uma inkukhu ibonakala kuqala kuleli zwe, kudingeka idliwe. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwenkukhu, amaqanda abilisiwe, i-millet noma i-cottage shizi ayengezwa ekudleni kwawo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukudla kufanele kwengezwe ekudleni kwabo.
Kufanele iqukathe izakhi: i-peas, ukolweni kanye nebhali, kodwa ufulawa wezinkuni isithako esihle kakhulu. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwawo, ama-skeleton, ama-musculature, nomsebenzi wepheshana lomzimba.
Izingxenye ezidingekayo, okudingekayo ukulungiselela izandla zabo ekhaya izinkukhu:
- Isithako sokuqala singummbila osemhlabathini, kufanele kube yingxenye yesamba esiphezulu.
- Into yesibili ongeza ngayo ukolweni, kufanele ibe ngamaphesenti angama-16.
- Okulandelayo, udinga ukungeza kule ngxube yekhekhe noma ama-sprats, isabelo sabo kufanele sibe ngamaphesenti angu-14.
- Ingxenye elandelayo i-kefir, kodwa hhayi kakhulu, isabelo sayo singamaphesenti angu-12.
- Futhi into yokugcina okudingayo ukwengeza kum mix yizingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili zebhali.
Yini okufanele idle izinkukhu ezinsukwini eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili zokuphila kwazo inyanga?
Ngalesi sikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwayo, inkukhu idla cishe amagremu angu-120 okudla.
Ukuze uzilungiselele ukudla kwakho udinga ukusebenzisa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- Into yokuqala engena emkhakheni wezimbuzi noma ama-corn grits, okwenza amaphesenti angama-48 we-mass mass.
- Into yesibili okudingeka uyengeze ikhekhe noma i-sprat ngenani lamaphesenti angu-19.
- Okwesithathu esetshenziselwa ukondla ukolweni ngamanani angu-13.
- Isithako sesine yizinhlanzi noma inyama kanye nethambo lesisindo ngamanani angu-7.
- Ingxenye yesihlanu imvubelo yefolda ngenani lamaphesenti angu-5.
- Into yesithupha okudingayo ukwengeza utshani obusha ngamaphesenti amathathu.
- Ingxenye yesikhombisa kanye yokugcina yondla amafutha, kufanele kube amaphesenti owodwa.
Kule minyaka yobudala, kuyoba kuhle ukunikeza izinkukhu ukudla okuncane kancane kunomile ngokuphelele.
Yini okufanele idle izinkukhu kusukela ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa?
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, inkukhu idla cishe amagremu angu-150 okudla.
Ukulungisa ukudla kwakho usebenzisa izinto ezilandelayo:
- Okokuqala futhi okuphambili ekudleni kukhona ummbila noma ama-corn grits ngenani lamaphesenti angu-45.
- Isithako sesibili ikhekhe noma isikhalasi esilinganisweni samaphesenti angu-17 esisindo sabantu.
- Ingxenye yesithathu ukolweni ngamaphesenti angu-13.
- Ingxenye yesine yizinhlanzi noma inyama nenyama yethambo ngamanani angu-17.
- Into yesihlanu ongayengeza yi-5% yemvubelo yesilonda.
- Ingxenye yesithupha ingotshani entsha enani lamaphesenti angu-1.
- Ingxenye yesikhombisa ishayela ngenani lamaphesenti angu-1.
- Futhi ingxenye yesishiyagalombili yokugcina ingamaphesenti ama-3 okudla amafutha.
Kunzima ukupheka ukudla ngokwemvelo futhi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukukwenza, kulula ukuyithenga. Kodwa endlini yokudla kunezinzuzo eziningi.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinhlobo ezihamba kahle zama-broilers.
Indlela yokulungisa ukudla kwezinyoni ezindala ngezandla zakho?
Isidingo sokondla kulokho uma sinyanyiswa yizinyoni, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwanda. Izikhungo zezinkukhu zenze izindlela zokupheka izinkukhu. Ngakho-ke, sizobe sibhala zonke izingxenye ezifakiwe kwizinkukhu zezinyoni ezindala:
- Ingxenye yokuqala iyinhlamvu enesisindo amagremu angu-450.
- Ingxenye yesibili ingqolowa enesisindo esingama-gramu angu-120.
- Ingxenye yesithathu ibhali ngesamba samagramu ayi-70.
- Isithako sesine yisidlo se-sunflower esilinganisweni sama-70 amagremu.
- Isithako sesihlanu sikhombisa inani lama-gramu angu-70.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwengeza le nyama nenyama yethambo ngamanani amagremu angama-60, kanye nokudla kwezinhlanzi ngesamba samagremu angu-50.
- Ingxenye yesikhombisa yisimvu sefolda ngenani lama-40 amagremu.
- Isithako sesishiyagalombili kungufulawa obusotshani noma utshani obusha ngo-30 amagremu.
- Into eyisishiyagalolunye okudingayo ukwengeza yi-20 amagremu we-peas.
- Ingxenye yeshumi ngamavithamini ngesamba sama gramu ayi-10.
- Futhi into yokugcina udinga ukungeza yi-3 amagremu kasawoti.
Le recipe yokondla izinkukhu ngamagremu angu-100 okubunjwa kwayo iqukethe i-268 kcal yamandla, kanye namaphesenti angu-17 amaprotheni angcolile.
Izinhlangano zezinkukhu ziye zathuthukisa ama-feed okudla izinkukhu, kuye ngokuthi zineminyaka yobudala, ziphi izinhlobo, nokuthi zikhiqiza kanjani.
Iyini imvubelo eyondla izinyoni ihlanganisa?
Ukudla okuyisilonda okwenzelwe izinkukhu kwakungeyona i-beriberi.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha cishe amagremu angu-20 yemvubelo emisha, khona-ke kumele ihlanjululwe emanzini afudumele ekamelweni lokushisa (amanzi kufanele abe amalitha owodwa nengxenye), khona-ke udinga ukwengeza ingxube yefulawa ofulawa, konke lokhu kufanele kuxutshwe kahle futhi kwesokunxele ku-eight amahora, endaweni efudumele enezinga lokushisa elingaba ngu-20 degrees Celsius.
Ngemuva kokucubungula, yonke ingxube elungiselelwe ingeziwe kumaminerali namavithamini. Lesi sondlo kufanele sinikezwe izinkukhu cishe amagremu angu-20 ngosuku.
Ngaphambi kokulungiselela ukudla okuzenzela ngesandla, udinga ukwazi lokho inyoni yokudla kufanele icebe amaprotheni nama-amino acids. Ukuze ulungiselele, ukudla kwezilwane, ama-sprats, okusanhlamvu kanye nemifino, imvubelo entsha nekhekhe kuyadingeka.
Kudla ukubeka izinkukhu (izinyoni eziyishumi ngosuku) eziphekwe ngezandla zakhe siqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Into yokuqala ongayifaka amazambane abilisiwe kusuka ku-400 kuya ku-1000 amagremu.
- Into yesibili okudingeka uyengeze izitshalo ngesamba sama-gramu angu-700.
- Ingxenye yesithathu i-silage, ihlanganiswe cishe ngo-400-500 amagremu.
- Okulandelayo, engeza noma ubisi noma omuncu ngamagremu angu-200-250.
- Into elandelayo udinga ukungeza okusanhlamvu okusemhlabathini mayelana nama-250 amagremu.
- Ingxenye yesithupha yi-isanqante, emhlabathini ngamanani amagremu angu-200.
- Ingxenye yesikhombisa yi-bran engama-gramu ayi-100.
- Ingxenye yesishiyagalombili iyinhlanzi noma imfucumfucu yenyama ephikisiwe e-grinder ye-inyama enani lama gramu ayi-100.
- Emva kwalokho engeza ikhekhe noma ama-sprats angaba ngu-100 amagremu.
- Okulandelayo, udinga ukufaka hay encane mayelana nama-gramu angu-100.
- Kumele udinge ukungeza isikhala esilinganisweni sama-60 amagremu.
- I-Beetroot iyinxenye edingekayo ye-50 amagremu.
- Okulandelayo, engeza isidlo samathambo ngesamba sama gramu angu-20.
- Futhi ingxenye yokugcina yile usawoti enani lama-5 amagremu.
Yiziphi izinhlamvu ezihlwanyelwe eziwusizo?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinkukhu zineminyaka engakanani ubudala, kuyasiza ukuyidla okusanhlamvu okuhluma, okucebile kakhulu ku-vithamini B. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cwilisa okusanhlamvu, bese usakabalalisa kuphela kule ndawo lapho imisebe yelanga ingaphuli khona.
Amazinga okushisa okufanele abe khona kufanele abe ngama-23-26 degrees Celsius, kule ndawo yokuphumula, izinsuku ezimbalwa, okusanhlamvu kusele ukuze kuhlume. Kodwa kufanele i-hydrated njalo.
Kanti nasezinkathini zasekwindla nasebusika ungadla izinyoni ngezinhlanzi noma utshani obuncane kusuka ezinotshweni ezihlala njalo njenge-alfalfa, i-clover. Lezi zitshalo ziyocebisa ukudla kwansuku zonke kwezinyoni nge-carotene. Ehlobo, lezi zitshalo zengezwa ekudleni kwazo, kodwa zivele zihlanzekile kuphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izinyoni zingakwazi ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet usebenzisa izibani ezidingekayo. Uma kunesilinganiso esanele samavithamini E ekudleni kwezinyoni, kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinyoni, okungafisi, nokubonakala kwesilisa kubesilisa kuyodala.
I-Vitamin E itholakala ku okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu okuhlwanyelwe okusanhlamvu kanye nefolda eluhlaza.
Ngokuntuleka kwamaprotheni, ungabona emhlambini ukubonakaliswa kokudla komuntu, okuyinto engeyona into enhle kakhulu. Nakuba isibonakaliso salesi sifo singase sibe ukugqithisa kwalesi sici. Noma ukudla okungalungile, isilinganiso esingalungile samaminerali namavithamini ekudleni, kanye nokuntuleka kwamanzi nosawoti.
Yini engaba yingozi yokudla kwama-carbohydrate namafutha ekudleni kwezinyoni? Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwalezi zakhi, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu kunganciphisa, izimpaphe zingase ziqale ukuphuma, noma izinyoni ziyobe ziyesaba. Izinyoni zingakwazi unike ukudla okumnandiokuyinto abathanda kakhulu, equkethe izingxenye eziphuzi kanye orange.
Yiziphi amavithamini okufanele abe khona ekudleni kwezinyoni? Amavithamini kufanele abe khona ekuphakelayo nganoma isiphi isimo. I-Vitamin A igcwele i-carotene, itholakala ku izaqathe, amathanga, iklabishi, beet, utamatisi. Uma le vithamini enganele, izinyoni zingase zilahlekelwe isifiso sabo, zinciphise ukukhiqizwa kweqanda, ngezinye izikhathi zikhuphuke emehlweni nasempeni.
Kumele uqaphele ukuba khona kwevithamini B. Le vithamini ibhekene nokwakheka nokuqiniswa kwegobolondo. Itholakala kumafutha enhlanzi.
Okunye okubalulekile yi-vitamin E, etholakala okusanhlamvu. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho okusanhlamvu okulele isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yonyaka, inani lamavithamini liyancipha libe izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.
Kufanele wazi ukuthi izinyoni ngokwazo zikhipha amavithamini, kodwa konke kuxhomeke ensimini lapho zikhona khona.
