I-Beetroot iyisiko esiningi kakhulu. Kukhona ama-subspecies amaningana alo masiko, futhi ahluke ngokuphelele ekubukeni kwawo, ukunambitheka, nobubanzi bawo.
Leyo beet, esiyisebenzisela ukupheka i-borscht, ibizwa ngokuthi igumbi lokudlela. I-beet yefolda yingxenye ebalulekile yokudla izilwane zasekhaya.
Izinyosi ze-Sugar zitshalwe ngokuqondile ukuze zenziwe ushukela. Kukhona nezinyosi ezimibalabala nezitshalo, kodwa azizona ezithakazelisayo ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwanda okuphansi ezindaweni zethu.
Lapho ukhetha izinhlobo zokutshala, kungcono ukhethe lezo zinhlobo ezazakhiwa abazalisi basekhaya.
Njengoba imifino yangaphandle ngezinye izikhathi ayikwazi ukuvumelanisa nezimo zendawo yesimo sezulu esifudumele.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Boheme"
Izinkanyezi eziphakathi nonyaka. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sisezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-70 kuya kwezingu-80.
Yenzelwe ukulima emasimini kanye neziqephu zomuntu siqu. Izithelo, ezakhiwe ngokuzungezile noma ezincane, zidwebe umbala we-maroon.
Ngaphakathi kwezimpande kukhona i-maroon, akukho amasongo. Yena ngokwakhe i-pulp inomsoco kakhulu, ithenda, inambitheka kakhulu.
Izithelo zikhula kakhulu - 0.3 - 0.5 kg. Le beet ayithintekile yi-chalcosporosis, futhi ayiziqhakazi. Ingagcinwa isikhathi eside kakhulu, njengoba izinga lokugcina lalezi zitshalo ezimpande lihle kakhulu.
Inhlabathi yale beetet kumele ikhule, ngezinga elingathathi hlangothi le-asidi.
Kungcono ukukhetha indawo yemibhede yebhethri lapho ukhukhamba, anyanisi, i-zucchini, amazambane okuqala noma amathanga asetshenziselwa ukukhula.
Ukutshala imbewu ehlonywe emanzini kufanele kube ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli, kodwa kungakapheli maphakathi no-May. Ukujula kwenzalo ku-2-4 cm. Phakathi kwemigqa eseduzane udinga ukwenza isikhala se-25-30 cm, naphakathi kwembewu engumakhelwane 8-8 cm.
Uma uhlela ukutshala lezi beet ekwindla, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kokuphela kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Kubalulekile ukulungisa inhlabathi ekwindla, ukumba futhi ukwenza zonke izinhlobo zomquba. Ukunisela amabhungane kudinga kanye ngesonto ngamanzi amaningi.
Isondlo singabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka ngamunye. Inani lomanyolo lincike ekuzaleni kwenhlabathi kanye nenani lamakhemikhali avela kusukela ekwindla. Ukuphelisa lezi zinhlobo ze-beetroot akudingekile.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Detroit"
Lezi ezihlukahlukene zenkathi ephakathi nenye ingenye edume kakhulu.
Vula ngokujwayelekile ngezinsuku ezingu-110 - 115. Ukuphakama kwesilinganiso sokuphakama. Izithelo zizungezile, zinebushelelezi, izimpande ze-axial zincane futhi zifushane, i-rosette yeqabunga incane.
Umbala wezimpande zemifino ubuhle kakhulu - obomvu obukhanyayo. Isisindo Lesi isilinganiso se-beet is 100 - 200 g.
Inyama ibomvu obomvu, amasongo ayaphumi, inambitheka kakhulukanye namanzi amaningi.
Ibanga linesifo sokuzivikela esibelethweni sokuzalwa nesifo, kanti futhi sinamathela ngokumelene ne-tsvetushnosti.
Ukuthela isilinganiso 3.7 - 7 kg ngesikwele ngasinye. m., kodwa ngokucophelela ungathola izithelo eziningi.
Ungasebenzisa le beet ngezindlela ezehlukene: ekheniwe, esetshenzisiwe esisha, futhi wengezwa ezitsha ezihlukahlukene.
Ikhwalithi enhle yalezi ezihlukahlukene yi-fruiting ezinzile, futhi izimpande zibukeka ngokufanayo. Ungakwazi futhi ukugcina le beet isikhathi eside, ngeke siwohloke.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu kufanele ifakwe emanzini amahora angu-18 kuya kwangu-20. Lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifinyelela + 6 ... + 8 ° ะก, ukufika kungenziwa.
Ukuphonsa imbewu kungaba ukujula kwe-2 kuya ku-4 cm ngokusho kwe-scheme 25-30x10cm. Izwe kakade enezimbewu lizodinga inqama encane. Indawo engaphansi kombhede we-beet kufanele ilanga kakhulu. Lezi zihlukahlukene kufanelekile ukutshala ekwindla.
Ukunisela amabhontshisi kufanele kube yilapho inhlabathi yayingekho okweqile komswakama, kodwa kwakungekho nokuntuleka kokunye. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela izinguquko zokushisa ukubikezela ukushintshashintsha komswakama emhlabathini.
Lapho ukondla, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe kumanyolo we-potash, ngoba izinyosi "zibathanda" kakhulu. Kumele futhi kube mncane phakathi komhlaba phakathi kwemigqa bese ususa ukhula.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngezinhlobo ze-karoti esifundeni saseMoscow
Hlunga "indlu yaseGibhithe"
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zavuthwa kude nango-1943 g ku-NIISH. V.V. Dokuchaev.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuvuthwa okuphakathi, ngoba isikhala phakathi kokuhluma okugcwele nokuqala kokuvuthwa kwesithelo yizinsuku eziyi-101 - 128. At izitshalo eqondile leaf rosette.
Izithelo ziyi-elliptical, ikhanda liyingcosana, lidwetshwe ngaphandle kombala obomvu obomvu, ngokuzuza okuningi kusuka ku-300 ukuya ku-550 g.
Inyama inemibala eluhlaza obomvu obomvu nge-tinge encane ebomvu, enamanzi amaningi, ethenda futhi eqabulayo. Ukudla ihlolwe ochwepheshe njenge okuhle.
Nge-sq.m. Ungathola imifino engu-3.5 - 8.5 yezimpande, okuyisikhombisa esihle kakhulu. Okuhlukahlukene kuyisici ukumelana ne-tsvetushnosti nesomiso, kodwa akazange agonywe nge-chalcosporosis.
Umbhede uhle kakhulu, ubusika buzokwazi ukunqoba amandla kusuka ku-75% kuya ku-89% wezithelo.
Abalimi bezitshalo batusa ukusebenzisa lezi ezihlukahlukene ukulima ekwindla-ebusika. Inqubo yokutshala ekwindla ayifani nenqubo efanayo entwasahlobo. Iphethini lokutshala nokujula kwembewu kugcinwa.
Ngenxa yokubekezelelana okuphansi kwesomiso, ezihlukahlukene ziyobhekana nokuphazamiseka okufushane kokunisela. Udinga imibhede encane futhi ugobe phakathi kwemigqa. Ukwenza umanyolo udingeka.
Ibanga "Ibhola Elibomvu"
Ibanga lokuqala elivuthiwe le-beet elikwazi ukuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingu-65 kuya kwezingu-100.
Izithelo ziboshwe, zibomvu, zilinganiselwa ku-200 kuya ku-500 g. Inyama ibomvu obomvu, ne-violet hues, iqukethe ijusi elikhulu, elimnandi futhi elimnandi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo azijwayele ukugaya, ukuphikisana ne-tsvetushnosti, iminyana engenamakhaza, kodwa isivuno sizokwehla uma izinga lokushisa liwehla kakhulu.
Futhi unebanga isilinganiso sokubekezela kwesomiso. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izimpande ze-beet yalezi zinhlobonhlobo njengengxenye yokudla, kanye nokulungiselela izitsha zokuzenzela.
Futhi, izinhlobonhlobo ze "Blebhu" zivame ukuthathwa ngemikhiqizo ye-borrow. Le beet ishukuthwa kalula futhi igcinwe kalula. Umkhiqizo u-3 - 6 kg nge-sq.m.
Ingasetshenziselwa ukulima kokutshala nokwindla. Ukuhlwanyela entwasahlobo kumele kuwele ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli, kanti ukuhlwanyela kwekwindla kufanele kube ngo-Septhemba.
Imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala idinga ukulungiselela. Iphethini lokufika liyi-45-60x3 cm. Ukujula kokufika kuyinto evamile. Umhlaba kufanele ube nomfudumalo futhi unomswakama. Indawo akufanele ibe semthunzini. Ngemuva kokutshala, i-primer idinga ukugoqa.
Kumele kube ukuchelela njalo, isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-5 - ezingu-6. Kumele uhlakulele inhlabathi phakathi kwemigqa, ukususa ukhula. Ukukhulelwa kuyadingeka, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zensimu enzima noma ephansi.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Libero"
Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala - izithelo zokuqala zingatholakala ezinsukwini ezingu-80 emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini.
Izithelo ziyindilinga, umgogodla omncane kakhulu, isikhumba sibushelelezi futhi siqoshiwe sibomvu. Inyama ibomvu emnyama, kunezimbuthano kuso, kodwa zibuthakathaka kakhulu, ukunambitheka okuhle.
Isisindo esilinganisweni sesitshalo sempande sihlukahluka phakathi kuka-120 no-220 amagremu. Ukumelana ne-bolting kuyinto ephakathi, isivuno sikhulu - cishe ngo-6.1 kg ngomitha wesikwele. imitha
Izithelo zifana kakhulu futhi zivuthwe ngesikhashana esincane kakhulu. Inhloso iyonke. Ngenxa yesethulo esihle kakhulu, lezi zihlukahlukene zingakhula ngokudayiswa okulandelayo.
Ungatshala imbewu evulekile emhlabathini kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuze kuphakathi kukaMeyi. Iphethini lokufika ligcinwa. Ngaphambi kokuhluma, umbhede ungahlanganiswa ne-polyethylene.
Kuyaqinisekile udinga ukumbalwa emibhedeni ne-beetroot yalezi ezihlukahlukene. Inqubo yokuqala enjalo yenziwa ngesonto emva kokuvela kwamahlumela.
Ama-beet anesidingo esikhethekile somswakama emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, ibhalansi yamanzi kufanele igcinwe. Cishe izinsuku ezingu-14 kuya kwezingu-15 ngaphambi kokuvuna, ukuchelela kufanele kumiswe ngokuphelele. Ukudla kudinga ukwenziwa njengoba kudingeka.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Bordeaux"
Mhlawumbe uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwesithombo sebhitrudi. Ikhomba izinhlobo eziphakathi nonyaka, isikhathi sokuvuna ekuhlwanyeleni ukuqala kokufaneleka kwezobuchwepheshe yizinsuku ezingu-62 - 116.
Izithelo ziyindilinga, zingahle zifakwe kancane, zilinganiselwa ku-230 kuya ku-510 g, zidwetshwe ngombala obomvu obomvu, ikhanda lincane.
Inyama inombala ofanayo, i-tender, kanye namanzi amaningi, ushukela amaningi, obuningi esakhiweni.
Lala phansi lezi imifino impande kungaba njalo phakathi nesikhathi sasebusikakuyilapho kungeke kube khona ukulahlekelwa ngokubukeka noma ukunambitheka.
Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zithelo zigcwala emhlabathini cishe isigamu, inqubo yokuvuna kulula kakhulu.
Izimila zingaphila kalula ukushisa okuncane. Ngokuqondene nobubanzi, akekho okulingana nalokhu beet. Izithelo ze "Bordeaux" zibhekwa njengento ewusizo kakhulu.
Ijusi elivela kulezi zitshalo izimpande iqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-anthocyanins. Izinhlobonhlobo zizosetshenziselwa ukucubungula nokupheka, okudingekayo ekudleni. Isivuno sifinyelela ku-8 kg wezinyosi ngesikwele. imitha
Naphezu kokungafani kwayo, imbewu yezinyosi zeBordeaux kufanele itshalwe ngendlela efanayo nembewu yazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo, yonke imingcele egcinwe. Uma ufaka imbewu, ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhuthaza ezihlukahlukene.
Ukunakekela izitshalo zalesi sikhwama sezinyosi ezivamile. Kungase kube nokulibaziseka okuncane ekutheni, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyasiza ngisho nokuqina izihlahla. Ukucwenga, ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana necebo.
Ibanga "I-Cylinder"
Izinkanyezi eziphakathi nonyaka-ukuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-110 - 130 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela.
Izithelo ziyi-cylindrical, ngakho-ke igama lezinhlobonhlobo, elide (10-16 cm) nobubanzi (ububanzi bufinyelela ku-5-9 cm), obomvu obomvu, obunzima kusuka ku-180 kuya ku-350 g.
Inhloko empandeni yobukhulu obuphakathi. Pulp iqukethe ijusi eningi, enhle kakhulu, enambitheka kahle, i-burgundy, ngaphandle kwezingqimba.
Ikhwalithi yokugcina yalezi zihlukahlukene inhle kakhulu. Cishe zonke izithelo zihlala ngokuthula ebusika endaweni ethile epholile, emnyama. Ukuvuna ngeke kube nzima, njengoba izimpande empeleni zinamathela emhlabathini.
Ekuphekeni, asetshenziselwa kakhulu, ngoba akudingeki ukuba bachithe isikhathi esiningi balinde isikhathi lapho ama-beet ephekwe khona. Futhi ezimpandeni zalezi zinhlobonhlobo kukhona ukukhula okunamandla kwensimbi, i-calcium, amavithamini A, B1, B2, C no-niacin. Ukuvunwa okuphezulu - 6 kg nge sq.
Imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala idinga ukungena. Izinyanga ezinhle kakhulu zokudonsa imbewu ngo-May no-Okthoba. Iphethini lokufika ligcinwa. Ukujula kumele kwandiswe ku-3 - 4 cm.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zidinga kakhulu umswakama wenhlabathi, ngakho awukwazi ukuthulula amanzi emhlabathini noma ukubambezela ukuchelela. Okunye ukunakekelwa kusele.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Lark"
I-Dutch mid-season beet. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwamahlumela, izinsuku eziyi-100-120 kufanele zidlule kuze kube yilapho izithelo zifika ekuvuthweni.
Izithelo zizungezile, zibomvu ezimnyama, ezilinganiselwa ku-150 kuya ku-300 g, i-leaf rosette incane kakhulu. Inyama yombala ofanayo ne-peel, engenawo amasongo omsakazo, inambitheka kakhulu.
Ukuqapha ukumelana ne-tsvetushnosti, izithelo zaleli klasi zingahle ziqoqwe ngamanethiwekhi. Gcina izimpande "Larki" zingaba isikhathi eside, ngeke ziphazamise.
Ukukhiqiza kufinyelela ku-6.5 kg ngomitha wesikwele. Isici salokhu beet is ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuzosiza ekususeni ama-radionuclides emzimbeni womuntu. Kungasetshenziswa kokubili okuluhlaza, nokulungiselela izitsha ezihlukahlukene, nokucubungula.
Le beet isifanele ukuhlwanyela kakhulu, kodwa izinsuku ezijwayelekile zigcinwa. Imbewu kumele ifakwe ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ukujula kanye nephethini lokufika kujwayelekile.
Ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukutshala kuyodingeka kuvikelwe, ikakhulu uma izitshalo zisencane. Ukunisela, ukufaka umanyolo nokukhipha inhlabathi kuyadingeka.
Njengoba sekuvele kucacile, i-beetroot iyimifino ewusizo kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukutholakala kwalo akuphazamisi wena, kodwa ngokuphambene nalokho - kuyozuzisa. Futhi hhayi kuphela kuwe siqu, kodwa nasemndenini wakho wonke, oyokwazi ukujabulisa nazo izitsha ezintsha ze-beet ezinempilo.
