I-carrot, esijwayele ukuyisebenzisa ekusebenzeni kokudla, isayensi ibizwa ngokuthi "iCrorot etshalwe."
Lena yi-subspecies yesanqante yasendle, isitshalo esineminyaka emibili ubudala.
Eminyakeni engaba ngu-4000 eyedlule, izaqathe zahlonywa kuqala futhi zisetshenziselwa ukudla.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sezimpande siyingxenye ebalulekile yezitsha eziningi ezilungiselelwe emakhakheni asekhaya.
Sekuyisikhathi eside i-karoti isetshenziselwa izimboni, kanti isivuno singafaniswa nemifino esiyintandokazi - amazambane.
Kulesi sitshalo sesitshalo, kokubili ukunambitheka okukhulu kanye nenani elikhulu lezinto eziwusizo zihlanganisiwe, njenge-carotene, amavithamini B, PP, K, C kanye nezinye izakhi zokulandelela ezidingekayo kubantu.
Kunezinketho ezimbili zokutshala izaqathe - entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Zombili izinketho zilula futhi zilula, kodwa ukutshala ekwindla kudinga umzamo omkhulu ekufuneni indawo efanelekile kanye nokuvikelwa kwembewu esanda kuhlwanyelwa kusuka amaqhwa ebusika.
Uma utshala ekwindla, kuzodingeka ucabange ngokukhetha indawo efanele, ngoba kufanele kube lapho kungekho khona i-drafts, futhi futhi akukho ukuphambuka kwendawo yonke yomhlabathi. Izinkinga ezinjalo ekutshalweni kwentwasahlobo ngeke ziphakame, ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi izinga lokushisa lokushisa ngeke libe yingozi kakhulu kulezi zitshalo.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo ka izaqathe, kuyadingeka ukuba unike indawo enelanga lapho ulala khona lapho amazambane, utamatisi, anyanisi, i-peas noma iklabishi sezikhulile ngaphambili.
Awukwazi ukufaka imbewu lapho i-parsley noma i-sorrel isetshenziselwa ukukhula.
Ngokuqondene nesikhathi esihle sokutshala, kuyadingeka ukugxila engxenyeni yesibili yentwasahlobo. Uma ubhekana nezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala zezinqathe, khona-ke kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli ungatshala le mifino yezimpande.
Ngokuyinhloko, konke kuxhomeke kwisimo sezulu sesifunda, ngakho kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela izinga lokushisa ngaphandle. I-karoti iyisiko esingenwa amakhaza, ngoba imbewu yayo iyohluma ngisho nase-4 ... + 6 ° ะก, kodwa hhayi emahlathini angu -4 ° S.
Uma ufuna ukutshala izaqathe entwasahlobo, izwe le nqubo kufanele lilungiswe ekwindla. Okusho ukuthi, udinga ukuhle bamba isakhiwongenkathi enza kokubili umanyolo owenziwe ngamanzi nezimbiwa.
Cishe u-10 g we-urea, i-30 g ye-superphosphate kanye no-15 g we-usawoti we-potassium kufanele ibe cishe endaweni ngayinye. Okungeke kusetshenziswe umquba omusha, ngoba izithelo zizoguqulwa ngokuqinile, okungukuthi, igatsha.
Kufanele futhi uqaphele inani le-nitrogen, njengoba lezi zimpande zikwazi ukuqoqa i-nitrate. Ngakho izaqathe ziyoba nobuthi obukhulu kunemifino ewusizo. Njengoba umanyolo oceliwe unconywa sebenzisa i-humus, i-peat ne-ash ash.
Imibhede nayo efiselekayo ukulungiselela ukuwa, bese kuthi entwasahlobo bayodinga ukuvuselelwa kancane ngokukhululeka. Phakathi kwemibhede eseduze kufanele kube okungenani isikhathi se-20 cm.
Ukondla imbewu isanqante ukulungiselela akusilo izitshalo ezikhulayo, kodwa ekuguleni futhi lukhuni. Ngaphambi kokuba ugcwalise zonke imbewu ngamanzi, zidinga ukuxubha phakathi kwezintende ukuze ususe i-villi ehlanganisa yonke imbewu.
Uma le nqubo isuqedile, ungakwazi ufake imbewu emanzini ukushisa ekamelweni okungenani amahora angu-24. Uma nje amanzi eguqukile, kuzodingeka ukuthi ashintshwe, ngakho-ke lesi senzo kufanele siphindwe izikhathi ezinhlanu kuya kwezi-6 kuze kube yilapho amanzi ecacile.
Kubuye kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa izakhi zokulandelela, okungukuthi isisombululo sabo, lapho imbewu kufanele ifakwe khona. Lapho izinto zokutshala zivuvukala, kuzodingeka zomiswe esimweni esidabukisayo futhi ziphoswe nge-chol ukuze zibonakale nakakhulu.
Ukuze uthole izithombo eziphikisanayo nokuvunwa kusenesikhathi, imbewu ingaba lukhuni, okungukuthi isobunxele ukufakwa endaweni enezinga lokushisa lika-0 ° C ngaphambi kokuba ivule ngokuphelele.
Njengoba izikhukhula ezikhulayo, abalimi bavame ukusebenzisa i-peat engunomuncu omuncu, ehlanganiswe nembewu bese efakwe ekushiseni izinsuku ezingu-7. Kulesi simo, udinga ukuqapha okuqukethwe komswakama wengxube kanye nezinga lokulunga kwalo, ukuze umoya we-oksijini unikezwe ngokufanele kuwo wonke imbewu. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu enjalo kufanele kwenziwe nge peat.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokutshala imbewu yenanqante.
Eyokuqala, futhi elula, ukuhlwanyela okulula kokuvuvukala, imbewu enobuthi ye-sunflower emifula emibhedeni yasensimu.
Indlela yesibili i-tape yokuhlwanyela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungathenga imbewu eyenziwe ngomumo ebhokisini lephepha, noma ungagcina ngokuzimela imbewu kwiphepha elinama-glue based based.
Ngokutshala okunjalo, umhlabathi kufanele wenziwe kahle, ngoba imbewu emabhange ayinakwenzeka ngaphambili. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwembewu eseduze kufanele sibe ngamasentimitha angama-4 kuya kwangu-5. Kukhona okungahle kwenzeke ngale ndlela - imbewu enjalo izokhula isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile.
Futhi iyatholakala imbewu ye-granulated. Lezi ziyi-granules, ngaphakathi kwayo i-carrot imbewu ephilayo. Emhlabeni wonke imbewu yenza igobolondo lejel ekhethekile, elizovuvukala ekuhlanganyeleni umswakama.
Imbewu enjalo izonikezwa izakhi isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ihlume ngokushesha. Ukujula kokutshala impahla nganoma iyiphi indlela yokufika kufanele kube ngaphezu kuka 2 kuya ku-3 cm.
Ekupheleni kokuhlwanyela, umhlaba uzodinga ukumbozwa nge-mulch ephilayo kanye nokuphuza kancane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuqina komhlaba okweqile akufaki ebusweni bomhlabathi, okuzovimbela ukufinyelela kwe-oksijeni kumbewu.
Izimfihlo ukunakekelwa isanqante
- Ukunisela
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu
- Weeding
- Ukuvikelwa
Isici esibaluleke kunawo wonke ekutheni izaqathe ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi ofanayo phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhula.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi amanzi embhede kufanele athulwe ngokulinganayo. Udinga nje ukugcina njalo lapho usungula umswakama emhlabathini, ukuze izithelo zingabi nokuhlukumeza kwamanzi.
Awukwazi ukugcwalisa imibhedeuma ungayiphuzanga isikhathi eside, ngoba izithelo ziyophela kuphela - zizoqhekeka zigule.
Uma isimo sezulu somile ngaphandle, ukuchelela okungama-3 ngeviki kanye nengxenye ibhakede ngalinye ngemitha yesikwele kuzokwanela. Uma kuphakama kakhulu emgwaqweni, ukuchelela okunjalo kwemvelo kuzokwanela.
Uma isikhathi eside izitshalo zisemhlabathini, amanzi azoba adinga kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokuvuthwa kufika, imvamisa kufanele incishiswe izikhathi ezingu-1 ngeviki, futhi ivolumu kufanele ikhuphuke ibhakede elingu-1 imitha ngayinye.
Uma ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe zezithelo, kunamaviki amathathu kuya kwangu-4 asele, bese kuthi amabhakede amabili amanzi asetshenziswe endaweni ngayinye yemibhede.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda nge-asparagus ekhulayo.
Ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa kwamanyolo ngesikhathi sokulungiselela umhlabathi ekwindla, isivuno esihle singatholakala ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi sokulima. Kodwa ukudla okungu-2 - 3 kuyo yonke inkathi ekhulayo kuyozuza kuphela, uma kunjalo, ukulinganiswa kuye kwabonakala.
Okokuqala, izitshalo zingadliwa inyanga emva kokuhluma kwenzalo. Khona-ke uzodinga ukuxuba isipuni esingu-1 se-nitrophoska ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi bese uthele izaqathe ngale nhlanganisela.
Ukondla okwesibili kungenzeka kuphela amasonto amabili emva kokuqala. Inqubo yesithathu yokukhulelwa kufanele ihambisane nezinsuku zokuqala zika-Agasti.
Khona-ke ngokuvamile yenza i-potassium, okuzokwenza isithelo sibe mnandi, futhi kuphuthumise inqubo yokuvuthwa. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu engeza ukumnika okwenziwe ngamapulangwe emanzini okunisela. Kodwa lokhu kungenziwa kuphela lapho kuqala isigaba sesibili semifino.
Ukwehliswa nokusila ukudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu endabeni yokukhupha izaqathe, ngoba izitshalo ezincane kakhulu zikhula futhi zivimbela ukukhula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhula olukhulayo engadini lungabuye luthinte ubungako kusuka ezimpandeni zezitshalo.
Uma isitshalo ngasinye sizoba namaqabunga angu-1 kuya kwangu-2, izihlahla eziqiniwe zizodinga ukususwa.
Kubalulekile ukuphinda le nqubo uma ubude bezintonga bufinyelela ku-10 cm. Ukuze ukhulume izitshalo kangcono, umbhede kufanele uphuze ngamanzi amaningi.
Ukuhlunga kuhlanganisa nokususwa kwamanxeba okujwayelekile.
Izinambuzane ezivamile kakhulu izaqathe ziyisanqante patch leaf, aphid kanye isanqante fly.
Lezi zinambuzane zingalimaza kakhulu isivuno, ngakho izitshalo zidinga ukuvikelwa ngokucophelela emiphumeleni yazo.
Ukulungiselela ukwelashwa kungatholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezolimo. Amakhemikhali kufanele asetshenziswe ngokucophelela, elandela imiyalelo.
Ngisho noma ungumgadi wegadi wesimanje, isanqante iyoba yinye yezinyathelo eziyisisekelo zomuzwa wakho ekukhuleni izitshalo ezahlukene.
Kunzima ukwenza amaphutha ekutshaleni izaqathe, futhi ikakhulukazi uma lonke ulwazi luchazwe ngenhla. Phuma futhi ungabi namahloni. Inhlanhla.
