Cishe kuzo zonke iziqephu zensimu zezwe umuntu angathola izihlahla eziningana ze-currants ezihlukene kakhulu - ezimhlophe, ezimnyama noma ezibomvu.
Lezi amajikijolo sekuyisikhathi eside zisetshenzisiwe ngabesifazane besifazane ukuba benze ujamu, izithelo ezitshontshiwe, futhi abantu baqede lezi zingqimba ezincane, ngenxa yokuthi ubusika ukhumbule ukunambitheka kwehlobo.
I-currant ngokwayo ayiyona isitshalo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kodwa namanje amahlathi kufanele anakekelwe ngesikhathi ukuze athole amajikijolo amaningi.
Uma uhlela ukuzizame ekutshalweni kwe-currants, khona-ke elinye lamaphuzu okuqala nalawo ayisihluthulelo kuyoba ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene.
Okudume kakhulu futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlobo ezinhle ze-currants zibalwe ngezansi.
Izinhlobonhlobo "I-Black Pearl"
Ngenye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ze-currants ze-dessert. Wanqoba imakethe ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuphezulu nokudla.
Ngokuvamile izihlahla ze-currant zididekile ne-gooseberries noma nge-blueberries, kodwa, empeleni, lesi sitshalo simelela uhlobo oluthile olungaqondakali lwe-currants-igolide.
Isihlahla ngokwayo sibheke ngaphandle kwesihlahla se-ugqumugqumu, sikhula ngokuqondile, sinama-branching amancane. Ukudubula bend ngokukhula, mnene.
Amaqabunga afana namapheshana e-hooseberry Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kulezi ezihlukahlukene siyisilinganiso esikhathini eside, ukulimala kuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Juni.
Izithelo ezinkulu, isisindo singahluka kusuka ku-1.5 g kuya ku-6 g! Ukunambitha, izithelo ze-Black Pearl zifana nama-blueberries, kodwa kunamanothi amnandi futhi amuncu ajwayelekile ngama-currants.
Ukuvuna kuqala iminyaka engu-1.5 kuya kweyesibili emva kokulahla izithombo. Kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa ungakwazi ukuqoqa isilinganiso esiyi-3.5 kuya ku-4.5 kg amajikijolo avuthiwe, okuyisikhombisa esihle kakhulu.
Okuvamile okwenziwe nge-golden currant kuyamelana, futhi kunezici eziningi ezingaphandle zangaphandle.
Izihlahla "I-Black Pearl" uyakwazi ukumelana nokuwa kokushisa, nokuntuleka kwamanzi emhlabathini, ngisho nezifo nezinambuzane.
Ngisho nezinambuzane zezinso azilimazi kabi lezi zihlahla, futhi empeleni ngokumelene nayo noma yikuphi ukwelashwa akunalutho. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhethwa ezindaweni zokuhlala zaseSiberia, ngakho-ke ubusika obukhulu kunabo bonke kanye namaqhwa abo phansi -39 C ngeke bakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu lezi zitshalo. Futhi, lesi currant sinamandla omzimba we-powdery isikhutha.
Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge izithombo kudingeka zihlolwe kahle ngeziphambeko ohlelweni lwempande noma amahlumela. Izimpande kumele zithuthuke kahle, zingabi nemonakalo yomshini, futhi zifinyelele ku-25 cm ubude.
Uma uhlelo lwempande lubonakala ludlulile, izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala okuhlongozwayo, isithombo kufanele sidonswe emanzini, lapho ungangezela khona inani elincane lokukhuthaza ukukhula.
Kungcono ngaphambi kokufika cwilisa izimpande kumkhulumeli webumba. Uhlelo lokutshala - 50x50x50 cm. Masinyane emva kokutshala, imbewu ngayinye idinga ukuphuziswa, futhi umhlabathi ozungeze amahlumela kufanele uhlanganiswe ngesikhwama semboza. Ukwehlisa izithombo kungaba kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla yokuqala.
Ukuze i-currant ibe nomswakama okwanele, kuphakanyiswa ukuba kwenziwe ukuchelela kwamanzi, okuzohlinzeka izimpande ngamanzi anele isikhathi eside. Amanzi kufanele afudumele, ungakwazi ngisho nokufaka amadivaysi okugcoba ukuchelela, okuzoletha ngokuzenzakalelayo amanzi ezihlahleni.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhulula inhlabathi ukuze oksijini ifinyelele ezimpandeni ngokulinganayo. Kubalulekile ukufeza le nqubo ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande eziseduze.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukumboza njalo umhlabathi nge-mule wezinto eziphilayo, okuzokondla ngesikhathi esifanayo izihlahla. Izihlahla ze "Black Pearl" ngokuvamile azidingeki ukwelashwa izifo, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi uphefle njenge-prophylaxis efanelekile ngamalungiselelo afanele.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Venus"
Ummeleli we-black currant. Wadalwa yi-ASIlinin eSouth Ural Scientific Research Institute for Ukulima kanye nePatato.
"Abazali" balezi zihlukahlukene yizinhlobonhlobo zeBredthorp and Seedling Dove. Ama-shrub awaphezulu kakhulu, izinga lokuhlanganiswa nobukhulu liphakathi.
Amahlumela aphakathi kokuqina, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, ukugoba njengoba ekhula, ngaphandle kwe-pubescence, kodwa kukhona ukuqhakaza okubomvu emagatsheni angenhla. Ama-buds akhiwe ngendlela yokuthutha, okwesayizi ophakathi, ohlangene phezulu, yakha i-engela ye-degrees angu-30 nge-shoot, futhi yenziwa ngabanye.
Esikhatsini seqabunga lamaqabunga e-currant "Venus" ama-blades amahlanu, ngalinye elikhonjisiwe. I-lobe ephakathi yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke, ezinye zincane. Iqabunga ngokwalo liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, cishe alukhanyisi, alinayo i-villi, i-wrinkled ephakathi.
Izimbali zibomvu olubomvu, ubukhulu obuphakathi, ibhulashi liyingayizi ephakathi, lifinyelela ku-4.5 - 7 cm ubude, inani lezimbali ngakwesinye isandla lihluka kusuka ezicucu ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-11. Izithelo zinkulu kakhulu, ngesisindo esingaba ngu-5.5 g, ukuma nxazonke, isikhumba sinomzimba omncane, amajikijolo asemnyama.
Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuhle kakhulu, kumnandi kakhulu. Inhloso iyonke. Ukuvunwa okuphezulu, kusuka kwesitshalo 1 ungathola 2.1 - 5.1 kg amajikijolo avuthiwe.
Iqiniso lokuzilolonga liphinde lenzeke, ngoba izimbali ezingaphezu kuka-56% azidingi izinambuzane zokuvota. Futhi i-currant "i-Venus" ayesabi isimo sezulu esibi nesithwathwa, futhi futhi ayesabi ngisho ne-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-anthracnose.
Iphethini lokufika livamile. Izithombo kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela. Uma kukhona izibonakaliso zokunqotshwa amahlumela noma izimpande zezifo, kungcono ukhethe esinye isihlahla. Awukwazi ukuthatha lezo zitshalo ezomile kakhulu, ngoba nje aziqedi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukusinciphisa izimpande ngo-5 - 6 cm, futhi usike phezulu kwesibhamu.
I-currant yokunakekela i- "Venus" evamile. Kufanele kube ukuchelela njalo, okwesikhathi eside kuzokwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezihlahla ze-currant ngomswakama. Kakhulu kakhulu kubalulekile ukufaka isikhunta bese ukhulula phansi, ukuze ukhula lungakhuli ezihlahleni.
Kungcono ukufaka umquba ngezintambo, i-peat noma i-hay, futhi futhi ukucubungula lezi zakhiwo ngamalungiselelo akhethekile okuzosheshisa ukuwohloka kwezixhobo eziphilayo. Kumele uphathe izihlahla ezinamalungiselelo ngokumelene ne-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-anthracnose.
Hlunga "uJonker Van Thets"
Ibanga lokuqala le-currant ebomvu yokukhetha i-Dutch. Itholakala ngo-1941 lapho iwela izinhlobo "Faya Fertile" ne "London Market".
Iyaziwa kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Lesi sitshalo siqondile, sinamandla, sinyene. Amahlumela akhula kakhulu, anombala ombala, akukho pubescence.
I-beige yokudubula e-Lignified, iqondile futhi ayiphuli nomphumela obuthakathaka. Amaqabunga amancane, amaqanda-ayenziwe, enza i-angle ne-axis ye-shoot.
Amaqabunga angama-five, aphezulu, ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlangene. Ama-blade ayimangqamuzana, ubude obufanayo, amaphuzu aqondile. Izimbali ezifana nezimbali, ezinkulu ngokwanele, izikhala ezinkulu.
Amabhulashi amakhulu, afinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, izithelo ezingafika ku-10 zakhiwa ngesibhamu esisodwa, ukusatshalaliswa kwabantu okungenani.
Izithelo zinkulu, zithola isisindo ngesisindo esingu-1.5g, spherical noma se-pear, ezibomvu ezikhanyayo, ngesikhumba esinomsoco, ukunambitheka okumnandi nephunga elimnandi. Ku amajikijolo kukhona imbewu, izingcezu ezingu-4 - 5 ngamabhuloki.
Inhloso yalesi currant iyinhlangano yonke, okungukuthi, kufanelekile kokubili ukusetshenziswa okusha kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokucubungula. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu kakhuluNgokwesilinganiso, kusukela ehlathini ungathola cishe ama-6.5 kg amajikijolo.
Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka ekuqaleni kukaJuni, okwenza lokhu kuhlukahluka kakhulu. Ukuzithandela kubonakala kulezi ezihlukahlukene, kodwa izinkomba zayo ziphakathi. Kanti futhi, izitshalo ziphephile ngokuhlala ezinomshini ophansi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinomkhuhlane we-powdery isikhutha, kepha izinambuzane ze-anthracnosis nezinso zengane zingenza umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni.
Izithombo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-currant ebomvu kufanele zibe neminyaka emibili ubudala, futhi kufanele zibe nezimpande eziyisihlanu ezinama-skeletal uriciform, ubude obufanele bube ngu-20 cm. Ingxenye yomhlabathi yehlumela kufanele iphindwe futhi, okungukuthi, kufanele okungenani ibe namahlumela amabili cishe 40 cm
Imbewu ngayinye idinga ukugobhozwa kancane ngaphansi komthambeka emgodini ka-45x50 cm. Intamo yentambo kufanele igwetshwe 5-6 cm ngaphansi komhlaba, kanti ingxenye yangaphandle yehlumela kufanele ihlulwe ezingeni lezithombo eziphansi ukuze inani eliphelele lalezi zingxenye zingenani izingcezu eziyisithupha. Masinyane emva kokutshala, imbewu ngayinye idinga ukuphuziswa nge 1 litre lamanzi afudumele.
Ukunisela kuyinkqubo ebaluleke kunazo zonke ekunakekeleni izihlahla ezibomvu ze-currant. Unganisela izitshalo kaningi, kepha ngamanzi amancane, noma ungenza izilinganiso zamanzi avuselela ukuchelela.
Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwandisa inani lokunisela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulamba kwamanzi kwezimpande. Ukukhulula nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi nxazonke ezihlahleni ze-currant kulezi zihlukahlukene kufana nezinqubo ezifanayo zezinye izinhlobo. Futhi ukuhlanzwa kwe-prophylactic kanye nokwelashwa okudingekayo ngokumelene nezilokazane nezifo.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zama-strawberry "Gigantella"
Ibanga "Ural White"
Ibanga lokuqala le-currant emhlophe. Kuboniswa ngezandla ze-VS U-Ilyin ovela eSouth Ural Scientific Research Institute for Ukulima kanye namazambane. Izinhlobonhlobo "Ural White" kwakuwumphumela wokuvundiswa kwamahhala we-currants ezihlukahlukene "Chulkovskaya".
Izitshalo zalesi currant azizona ezide kakhulu, kodwa zinyene futhi zikhulule amahlumela asozini ezingeni elilinganiselwe. Amagatsha angamaphesenti aphakathi, alula, aphihliwe kancane.
Futhi emahlumela kukhona i-pink matte coating. Amaqabunga amancane, ama-ovate, aphakanyisiwe, anombala obomvu, ahlezi noma ahlangene ne-axis of the shoot. Ishidi linezinhlaka ezingu-5, ipuleti leqabunga likhulu, liluhlaza.
Ingqikithi yeshidi cishe ayinalo isicwebezelisi, kodwa ibomvu. I-lobe ephakathi ikhulu kakhulu kunabanye, kodwa bonke baphelile. Izimbali ziyizilinganiso ezilinganiselwe, ezifana ne-saucer. Ama-Brushes akade kakhulu (ama-5 kuya ku-8 cm), anesilinganiso esiphakathi. I-berry iyisayizi ephakathi, ithola isisindo esingaphezu kuka-1.1 g, nxazonke, umbala ophuzi, nenani elincane le-pulp.
Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuhle kakhulu, ukulingana noshukela ne-asidi kwalinganiswa ngamaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu. Amajikijolo walesi currant afanele kokubili ukubukeka okucutshungulwayo, futhi okusha. Ukukhiqiza ngokuqondile kuxhomeke kwikhwalithi yezithombo nokunakekelwa.
Ngokwesilinganiso kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa angathola u-2.6 - 6 kg amajikijolo avuthiwe. I-currant "i-Ural White" ibonakala ngokumelene nezimo zezulu ezimbi, kuhlanganise neqhwa, kanye nokuzivikela komzimba we-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-anthracnose. Kanti futhi kule currant ibonakala yiqiniso lokuzivocavoca.
Izidingo zezitshalo ezijwayelekile, okungukuthi, hhayi ezomile, izimpande ezinhle, kanye nomhlaba oqinile we-shoot. Iphethini lokufika livamile. Amalungiselelo okutshala isitshalo afanayo - ukusika izimpande namahlumela, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwabakhulumi bebumba ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha. Ukuphuza nokuhlanganisa umhlaba ngokushesha emva kokutshala kuyadingeka.
Ukwelashwa kuvamile, kepha lesi currant sidinga sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kungcono faka ukuchelela kokuniselaukuze kungabikho ukuntuleka kwamanzi emhlabathini. Kumele udonsa umhlaba futhi wenze umanyolo, futhi konke okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Uma uhlale ulungiselela umhlabathi wokutshala ozayo ekutheni, okungukuthi, wengeze indaba ephilayo, khona-ke ungakwazi ukugubha umhlaba ngezinsimbi ezizokwehla kancane kakhulu. Kumele ususe amagatsha agulayo noma aphukile futhi uphathe amahlathi ngokumelene nezifo.
Ibanga "Ubuhle be-Ural"
I-currant yokuqala ebomvu. Ukudalwa kwezandla zabakwa-Ural abalimi VS Ilyin no-A.P. Gubenko. Umphumela wokuwela izinhlobo "Chulkovskaya" no "Faya Fertile".
Izitshalo ziyingayizi ephakathi, nenani elikhulu lamagatsha eliseduze eduze komunye nomunye. Amahlumela aqinile, aguqa ngokukhula, eluhlaza, ngaphandle kwe-pubescence, kodwa ngokuqhakaza. Cishe isisipili, i-elliptical, i-brown eluhlaza, "uhlale" ngamunye, okwakhiwe nge-angle kuya kwesibhamu.
Amaqabunga amahlanu aqoshiwe, amakhulu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, anesibhakabhaka. Izimbali ziyingcosana, ubude besikhathi eside (kuze kube ngu-7 cm), ububanzi obuphakathi. Amajikijolo ayinkulu (1.5 - 1.7 g), i-spherical in shape, obomvu umbala, kukhona imbewu encane epulp. Ukunambitheka kwalesi currant kuyinto enhle, i-dessert. Amakamelo okukhiqiza avela ku-3.5 kuya ku-15.5 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye.
Le currant i-self-pollinated yi-61%, ukumelana nomkhuhlane, ukumelana ne-powdery isikhutha. Izihlahla "Ubuhle be-Ural" bungathintwa kancane yi-ognevka nama-sawflies.
Azikho izici ezenzelwe izithombo nezitshalo zokutshala. Kungcono ukukhukhumeza le currant entwasahlobo, ukuze kuqiniseke ukuthi ihlome izimpande. Indawo kufanele ilanga ukuze izitshalo zizwe zikhululekile.
Ukunisela, ukuxubha kanye nokukhulula inhlabathi kuyadingeka. Ukuphuza kungcono ukwenza ukuvuza. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo ekwindla, enkonzweni yokulungiselela umhlaba ngesikhathi sasebusika. Ukwelashwa nge-fungicides nezinye izidakamizwa kuyadingeka, uma kungenjalo isifo esinqatshiwe sizoholela ekulahlekelweni kwemikhiqizo.
Manje kufanele ukhethe izinhlobo eziyintandokazi kakhulu noma umane uhlume izihlahla eziyi-1 - 2 ezihlukahlukene, futhi emva kwesikhathi uzithokozele umbono wezithelo zokuvuthwa futhi uzihlanganise nazo ngendlela evuthiwe. Ukuphumelela emzamweni wakho.
