Utamatisi ophuzi, oseMedithera okuthiwa "ama-apula egolide" aqondise ngokugcwele igama labo langaphandle.
Lezi zithelo ezikhanyayo, ezinamanzi ziyakwazi ukukhombisa ukunambitheka okumnandi kwetamatisi isiko akubi kakhulu kunabamele abomvu bendabuko.
Okubalulekile ukuthi utamatisi ophuzi ulingene ngokuphelele ekudleni kwemithi, kanti kungabangeli noma yikuphi ukuphendula okungalungile.
Kulawo utamatisi ukuthi i-antioxidant enjalo njenge-lycopene iboshwe ifomu elifanele kakhulu lomzimba womuntu kunokuba utamatisi obomvu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyama yalezi zithelo eziphuzi iqukethe i-carotene eningi kanye nama-acids e-organic, okwenza lolu hlobo lwesiko luthandana luvame kakhulu.
Hlunga "i-Lemon giant"
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa salezi ezihlukahlukene siyisilinganiso - izinsuku ezingu-120. Izihlahla ezingenakulinganiswa, zikhule zibe yi-1, 5 m. Ngaphezulu kwesikhombisa - isishiyagalolunye iqabunga ibhulashi lokuqala lizoqala ukwakha. Okunye okunye kuzokwenziwa kuzo zonke ama-2 - 3 amashidi.
Izithelo zinkulu kakhulu isilinganiselwa ku-0.9 kg egodi phansi bese igcwele phezulu, iyakuthandeka. Inyama yinyama kakhulu, ijusi kuyo cishe ingekho.
Esikhathini sibhebhe sakhiwa ngokwesilinganiso samatamatisi amakhulu amabili namakhulu amabili. Izithelo ngokwazo ziluphuzi - i-orange, eduze kombala we-persimmon.
Isivuno sikhulu futhi silinganiselwa ku-5 kg ngesitshalo ngasinye. Lezi tamatisi zenza ama-saladi ahle kakhulu. Zifanele ifomu ekheniwe, futhi ziya ekukhiqizeni ijusi nama-sauces.
Kuyinto evamile ukuqala isithombo kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Kungenzeka ukutshala izimbewu zenhlabathi okungenani izinsuku ezingama-50 ubudala.
Isikhathi esihle sokuwa phansi sizovela engxenyeni yokuqala kaMeyi kuze kube yingxenye yokuqala kaJuni. Endaweni yunithi ingafakwa izithombo ezingaphezu kuka-4. Izithombo zokunakekela ezivamile.
Izitshalo zizogxila kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Uma izimo zesimo sezulu zesifunda zizinzile, kungcono ukumboza izithombo ezincane kuze kube yilapho isimo sesimo sezulu sijwayelekile, noma izihlahla zingabi namandla.
Ukuhola lezi zihlahla ngeke kube ku-1, kodwa ku-2 ukuphunyuka. I-Garter ne-pinching iyadingeka. Futhi udinga ukondla njalo ngezixube ezihlukahlukene zemanyolo.
Ukuqhutshwa njalo kwezinhlahla izixazululo ze-fungicides zizovimbela izitshalo ukuthi zingenwe nezifo ezihlukahlukene, ezifana nokulimala okwesikhashana, umdwebo wezokwelapha, njll. Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla kuleli klasi akufani kakhulu nokunakekelwa kwezinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi angakapheli.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi ovulekile.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Persimmon"
Umphumela womsebenzi wabalimi be-amateur. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi kwesikhashana, kusukela emahlumela okuqala kuya ekuvuneni kokuqala isilinganiso sezinsuku ezingu-115-125.
Izihlahla ziyi-determinant, enamandla, enenani elikhulu lamaqabunga, likhule lifike ku-1 m emhlabathini ovulekile futhi lifike ku-1.5 m ku-greenhouse. Lezi zihlahla zinconywa ukuba zikhule ezinqolobaneni zokugcina izithombo, kodwa ziphinde zithole izimpande emgwaqeni. Amaqabunga amakhulu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izithelo zizungezile, zihlwitha kancane kusuka phezulu, kunalokho zikhulu (ubuningi bezithelo zokuqala zifinyelela ku-0.3 kg, abanye abazuzi ngaphezu kuka-150 g). Ngezinye izikhathi utamatisi olunjalo lukhula, isisindo sawo singaphezu kuka-0.6 kg.
Umbala we-peel kanye ne-pulp i-orange, phezulu, eduze kwe-stem, kubonakala indawo eluhlaza. Utamatisi ngokwawo athokoza, kukhona imbewu encane emaspini, kanye nejusi. Enye yezinkinga zalezi zihlukahlukene yiyona ushintshe ngokuqinile ukunambitheka kwesithelo ekuvuthweni. Kulesi simo, i-pulp iba yintsha.
Futhi, isithelo sinomkhuhlane okhuni ongeke uthuthukise ukunambitheka. Kodwa lezi utamatisi ziyakwazi ukubekezelela ukuhamba. Ungaphanga uma ugcinwa endaweni emnyama, epholile.
Isivuno sesilinganiso esingu 3.5 kg kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa. Lezi utamatisi zinenani eliphansi lama-organic acid futhi eziningi ze-carotene, ngakho-ke zingabhekwa njengomkhiqizo odlayo ngokuphelele. Benza ama-saladi amahle, utamatisi afanele ukulondolozwa.
Kungcono ukubeka imbewu esikhathini sokuphela kukaMashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Kumelwe kube nokukhetha nokunakekelwa okufanele izithombo. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kungenziwa kusukela phakathi kukaMeyi ukuya ekushiseni okushisa, futhi kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni ukuya ezweni elivulekile. Isikimu esivamile sokutshala - 50x40-40 cm. Eyunithi ye-plozad, kungabi khona izithombo ezingaphezu kuka-3.
Kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukugubha njalo emagqumeni ukuze isiqu esiseduze naso kuphela. Ngenxa yokuphakama okumangalisayo kwesitshalo, kubalulekile futhi ukubopha ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokukhula yezihlahla, futhi ngokwayo - inqubo yokuvuna.
Uma kunamathela, kuhle ukuba ususe amaqabunga, okwenza isithunzi sesithelo. Uma kungenjalo, ilanga ngeke liwile utamatisi, futhi ngeke livuthwe. Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa kanye nomanyolo wokucubungula umanyolo kuyadingeka. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngesikhathi futhi ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.
Ibanga "iKönigsberg Golden"
Wadalwa ngabalimi base-Siberia abasha. Kucatshangwa ukuthi yizihlobo ezihlukahlukene zakudala, kuqala ukuthela izithelo emva kwezinsuku ezingu-105 kuya kwezingu-110 emva kokusuka kokuqala.
Efanelekele inhlabathi evamile, kanye nezitshalo zokugcina izithombo, kodwa isakhula kangcono ezimweni zokushisa. Izihlahla ezifakiwe, zikhule zifike ku-2 m ukuphakama. Ihlumela ngokuqinile igxiliwe kumqhubi wesikhungo. Ama-inflorescences akhiwa ngemuva kweqabunga elilodwa. Esikhathini shayela kufaka kuze 6 utamatisi.
Izithelo zinkulu, zihlangene, igolide-liphuzi embala, lumnandi ukunambitha. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukunambitheka kwe-apula omuncu kumatamatisi. Igama lesibili lala utamatisi "yi-apricot yaseSiberia". Futhi wambiza ngokuthi kunjalo ngoba okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-beta-carotene epulp, ukwenza lezi zithelo ziwusizo kakhulu.
Ukukhiqiza kuphakeme, kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa kungenzeka ukuqoqa cishe amabhakede amabili ka-tomate. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zizibonakalise zona zombili zihlanzekile futhi zinamathanga.
Bhalisa izithombo kumele zikhiqize ngasekupheleni kuka-Mashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Kufanele ikhuphuke ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-12.
Izinkomba kufanele zenziwe ngemuva kokuvela kwamashidi amabili. U-Rassad uyozuza ngokusetshenziswa kwabathuthukisi abahlukahlukene.
Njengeziqukathi zezitshalo kungcono ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ze-peat, okudingeka zifakwe kuzo izihlahla. Ukuze izithombo zihlanyele, izithombo kumele zibe nezinsuku ezingama-60 kuya ku-65 ubudala ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kokushisa okushisa ukushisa kungase kube mncane. Ngoba izithombo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa ngokukwelula izitshalo zezithombo, kanti amaqabunga akhula njengokungathi aphansi, acishe afane ne-stem. Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlwanyela izithombo, kungcono ukusetha ngokungaqondile, kodwa nge-angeli ukuze izimpande zamuva zifake ngokushesha engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba. Izithombo ezingu-3 nge-1 sq.m. kuyokwanela.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, lezi zihlahla azidingi. Izimila zidinga nje ukutshala, amanzi, ukuhlakulela inhlabathi ngaphansi kwazo, nokususa ukhula.
Izihlahla ziphakeme, ngakho kumele ziboshwe. Le nqubo ingcono kakhulu emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamatsatfu emva kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini. Uma unamathele, ungashiya uhlangothi olulodwa ukudubula ukuze wenze isihlahla emagodini amabili. Umthwalo ojwayelekile ehlathini ngeke ube ngaphezu kwezibhamu ezingu-8.
Ibanga "I-Amber Cup"
Ibanga le-Sredneranny, lihluma kamuva emva kwezinsuku ezingu-105 kuya kwezingu-110 emva kokushiya. Kuyafaneleka ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zokulala, nangenxa yomhlaba ovulekile. Izihlahla ezifakiwe, zifinyelele ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-1.7. Ibhulashi lenziwa izithelo ezine kuya kwezihlanu.
Utamatisi anesimo se-oval, enesikhumba esithambile, inyama enesisindo, esilinganisa u-85-125 g. I-pulp yalezi utamatisi iqukethe i-carotene eningi nendaba eyomile, enomnandi ekunambeni, enomsoco wejusi.
Lezi tamatisi azihlaziyi ngesikhathi sokuhamba, futhi ziyakwazi nokugcina ukubukeka kwazo nokunambitha izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuvuna.
Izihlahla nezithelo ngokuthula ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulufuthi futhi ayithinteki yi-gay mosaic virus, verticillus kanye fusarium. Ilungele ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwindlela eluhlaza kanye nokulondolozwa.
Izitshalo zokubhalisa kudingeka zenze izinsuku ezingama-60 kuya kwezingu-70 ngaphambi kokufika okuhlongozwayo emhlabathini. Ukuthatha okugunyazayo ngesikhathi sokubonakala kweshidi elilodwa noma amabili. Uhlelo lokutshala - izithombo ezintathu - 4 nge 1 sq. M.
Ukunakekela izithombo kumele kuqukethe ukuchelela njalo ngamanzi afudumele, kanye nokukhulelwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izinhlobonhlobo zingenakuzithoba. Izihlahla ziyoketshezi njalo, ukususwa kwezingxenye zezinhlangothi, ngaphandle kweyodwa, ukuze ukwazi ukudala isihlahla esinemigqa emibili, ukususa ukhula, ukuxubha, ukudla, kanye ne-garter. Zonke ozimele isikhathi kanye nezinto eziningi zokunakekela zifana nezindinganiso.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Peach"
Wadalwa ngabalimi baseChina. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi kwesikhashana, kusukela ngesikhathi sokubeka imbewu esitshalweni sokuqala, isilinganiso sezinsuku ezingu-110-111 ezidlulayo.
Izihlahla zizogxila kokubili kuma-hotbeds nasemhlabathini ovulekile. Izitshalo ngokwazo ziyi-determinant, azikwazi ngisho nokufinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama.
Ekuboneni kokuqala kungase kubonakale sengathi isitshalo sonke siyafa, njengoba isitshalo, amaqabunga, ngisho nezithelo zizogoba phansi. Kodwa lokhu kubonakala kulezi ezihlukahlukene, ungethuki.
Izithelo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zingenza uboya obubomvu ohlangothini, lukhulu njengama-peaches ahlanganiswe nezinwele. Izithelo zokuqala, njengazo zonke izikhathi, ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu (kufika ku-150 g), futhi zinciphisa zibe ngu-100 g. Ukunambitheka kuhle, kumnandi. Ungadla futhi uhlanzeke, futhi unamathanga.
Kudingeka uqale ngezithombo. Ukuhlwanyela ngesikhathi esivamile - ekupheleni kukaFebruwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Ukutshala kabusha ukuvula umhlaba ngemuva kokuphela kweqhwa. Esikhathini sokushisa singadluliselwa ngaphambi. Ukunakekela izithombo ezijwayelekile.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlela ukudla okuvame ukwandisa izithombo, ukuze bathole amandla ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukukopisha. Akubalulekile vumela izithombo zikhishwe
Qinisekisa ukuthi uhamba ngezinhlanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo zimane nje zingenaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa. Udinga ukwakha izitshalo kwesinye isiqu. Kubuye kube nesifiso esihle se-garter sezihlahla ukuze kube lula ukumboza inhlabathi ngomunwe bese ususa ukhula.
Ukuncintisana kubamba iqhaza elibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba izithelo zingase zise phansi. Futhi uma bethatha umhlabathi, bangaqala ukubola, ngakho-ke kuyoba ngcono, bazovuthwa, isibonelo, etsheni.
Hlunga "i-Honey Spas"
Ibonisa izinhlobo eziphakathi nonyaka. Ingatshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasezweni elivulekile. Linesikhathi sokuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingu-110 kuya kwezingu-115. Izihlahla ezifakiwe, emhlabathini ovulekile kufinyelela ku-1.2 m, futhi ku-greenhouse - 1.7 m.
Izithelo zinkulu futhi zinkulu kakhulu, ezinye zingafinyelela ku-1 kg ngesisindo. Ukuma kwezitamatisi kufana nenhliziyo. Umbala wesithelo unhle kakhulu, uju-ophuzi, ukunambitheka okumnandi, ngobuhlungu obubabayo.
Lolu hlobo lwezotamatisi kubhekwa njengokudla kufanelekile kubantu abaphikisayo kumatamatisi abomvu. Utamatisi angcono kakhulu adliwe, njengamafomu akheniwe noma aqoshiwe ngeke ahle kakhulu. Utamatisi ngeke ukuphahlazeka, futhi ngeke ahlushwe yizimo eziphuthumayo.
Isivuno sikhulu futhi sine-4 - 5 kg isitshalo ngasinye.
Ukuhlwanyela izithombo kuhle kakhulu ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, izinsuku ezingu-50 kuya kwezingu-60 ngaphambi kokutshala okuhloswe phansi. Ukushisa kwezithombo ezikhulayo kufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-23 ° C. Ukunakekela izithombo ezijwayelekile.
Ukuletha izithombo kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe okwesibili phakathi kuka-Ephreli, nakuba ungakhula amahlathi endaweni yokushisa ngisho nangaphambili. Masinyane emva kokufakelwa kabusha, kubalulekile ukushayela ekusekeleni eduze kwehlathi ngalinye ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwesihlahla. Endaweni eyodwa yemitha ingahlwanyelwa izithombo ezingaphezu kuka-3.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo okuvamile. Kungcono ukwakha amahlumela ezinhlakeni ezimbili kuya ku-3 ukuze uthole isivuno esengeziwe. Ngenxa yokuphakama okuhlaba umxhwele kwezihlahla kumele ziboshwe ekusekeleni.
Ukucwiliswa njalo ngezinkimbinkimbi ezihlukahlukene zemanyolo kuzosiza futhi izitshalo ukuze isivuno sidlulele konke okulindelwe. Ukuphikiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ku-phytophthora akuvimbeli ukutheleleka, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uphathe izitshalo ngezidakamizwa njalo.
Uzokwazi ukukhulisa utamatisi omnandi ophuzi, ukusetshenziswa okuzokuzuzisa nakanjani. Sebenzisa kancane esakhiweni, ukuvuna, nomzimba wakho kuzokuphendula kuwe ngokubonga ngemifino entsha neyomzimba.
