Emashumini eminyaka, abantu abahlezi nxazonke zomlilo ovuthayo behlabelela ingoma eyaziwa kakhulu yaseBulat Okudzhava: "Ngizocwilisa imbewu yemagilebhisi emhlabathini ofudumele, futhi ngizobamba umvini futhi ngiphule amagilebhisi avuthiwe ...".
Kungaba mnandi kakhulu ukufunda ngalokhu okulandelayo: Kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhule izihlahla zomvini eziphezulu ezivela embewu yamagilebhisi?
Abalimi abaningi, abangazi ngale ndlela, bamane baphonse le mbewu.
Yonke le ndlela yokudla amajikijolo akhula, sizochaza kulokhu kulesi sihloko.
Akuwona wonke amagilebhisi afanelekile kulolu hlobo lokulima: sikhetha futhi silungiselela imbewu yokutshala.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle esikhathini esizayo, kufanele uqale ukuthola amathambo amahle okutshala. Okokuqala, kungcono ukukhetha imbewu kusuka kwamagilebhisi amasha, bayobe bephikisana kakhulu nezifo ze-fungal kanye nesimo sezulu esibi. Into yesibili okufanele ukwenze ihlanza ngokuphelele amathambo emanzini.
Ngemva kokugeza, zifakwa ezinkwameni ezincane zensimbi yensimbi, ephothiwe e-polyethylene futhi efakwe esiqandisini, noma kwenye indawo ehlile kuze kube khona ukuphahlazeka emathanjeni, lesi sikhathi sithatha cishe izinyanga ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-2. Ngemuva kokuvela kwale mifantu, imbewu iyathathwa futhi ifakwe endaweni efudumele ezinsukwini ezimbili. Kulungile-ke, kulandela inqubo yokufika, esizoyichaza kamuva.
Iyiphi inqubo yokutshala amagilebhisi ngalendlela, futhi ukhulume ngezigaba zokuhlanza amagilebhisi
Ukutshala ngale ndlela yokuvuna amagilebhisi afanelekile inhlabathi evundile enezigaba ezilandelayo: enye ingxenye yesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zama humus ahlanzekile. Ukugcwalisa izimbiza ngale nhlanganisela, sihlwanyela amathambo alungiselelwe ukujula okungaba ngu-1 noma 1.5 cm. Khona-ke sidinga ukuwafaka efasiteleni, noma endaweni ukuze izitshalo ezanele zithole ukushisa nokukhanya.
Ngokubukeka, amagilebhisi afana nokukhuphuka pepper, okuqala ukuvela emva kweviki elilodwa noma elilodwa nesigamu. Ukwanda okuqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo kumele kube njalo.
Yiziphi izigaba zokuthandana kwamagilebhisi akhula?
• Okokuqala, kudingekile ukuba uchithe amahlumela njalo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inhlabathi ayinamanzi kakhulu noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kubi kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kwabo phambili.
• Okwesibili, ukuthungatha inhlabathi kuyadingeka. Kumele kwenzeke kuphela phezu koqweqwe oluphezulu lomhlaba, ukuze kungalimazi isitshalo.
• Okwesithathu, sonke isitshalo esiphilayo sidinga ukondla okwanele kanye nomanyolo ukuze uthole isivuno esihle esikhathini esizayo.
• Okwesine, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuvimbela izifo ze-fungal. Futhi uma uthola noma yikuphi, bese ulwa nabo.
• Okwesishiyagalolunye, isilwane sesicabucabu siyinkimbinkimbi eyingozi kakhulu. Ibulala amangqamuzana amaqabunga, ephazamisa i-photosynthesis, enomthelela omubi ekuthuthukiseni isitshalo esincane.
• Okwesithupha, emva kokutshala endaweni evulekile, ngaphambi kokufika ebusika, kubalulekile ukufudumala nokumboza amagilebhisi.
• Okweshumi, kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi ukusika kufanele kwenziwe kuphela emva kokuba izithelo zokuqala zivele.
Ekupheleni kwenkathi yasentwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukutshala isiko esikhulayo sibe yizimbiza ezinkulu, bese uzifaka egumbini lehlobo noma ebhaleni. Ehlobo, isivini sevini singafinyelela cishe ngamamitha amabili ubude. Ngasekuqaleni kwekwindla, amagilebhisi atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Yiqiniso, abalimi abanolwazi bangahlwanyela amagilebhisi endaweni evulekile nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba udinga ukucima isitshalo.
Yini ehlanganisiwe ekulandiseni izinqubo
• Izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-4-5 izitshalo zimboza idokodo, emva kwalokho ungayisusa. Kodwa hhayi ukugcina amagilebhisi atshalwe ilanga eliqondile, kubalulekile ukuthi kube nesithunzi.
• Uma isiko sakhula endaweni engavumelekanga, inqubo yokuqala kufanele inwetshwe izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngokukhiqizwa kwamagilebhisi amabhande.
Yiziphi amazwe ezifanele kakhulu ukutshala amagilebhisi avela kulo itshe: indlela yokuthuthukisa ukuzala komhlabathi othile
Emhlabeni wethu kunezinhlobo eziningana zenhlabathi, futhi ngamunye wabo unezinga elihlukile lokuzala. Okuhle kakhulu ukutshala amagilebhisi kungumhlabathi omnyama, futhi inhlabathi enomswakama ayifanele ngokuphelele. Ukuze utshale isiko kuwo, ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka mayelana nokuthi siyichaza ngezansi.
Ukulungiswa kokuqala komhlaba kuqala ehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukususa indawo kusuka kwamatshe, ukhula nezinye izidumbu. Okulandelayo siveza inhlabathi ejulile ivusakodwa sizoxoxa ngalokho kamuva. Uma kukhona izindawo eziphakeme endaweni, kuyadingeka ukuba zilingane nomhlaba ophezulu, kwenziwa ngale ndlela: sisusa umhlaba kusukela ohlangothini oluphakeme lwesayithi bese siyishintshela ohlangothini olungezansi, bese uyibeka ngezinga.
Kakade ekuqaleni kwekwindla senza ukukhululeka okujulile kwenhlabathi, ububanzi buka-70-80 cm. Uma unomhlabathi wobumba, khona-ke kufanele wenziwe umonakalo emoyeni nasemanzini, ukwenza lokhu, engeza ngamatshe aqoshiwe, isanti noma umquba. Futhi inhlabathi enesihlabathi igubha kakhulu ebusika futhi ishisa ehlobo. Ukuqeda lezi zinsalela, kubalulekile ukwengeza umquba noma umquba uma uvula, futhi uma kungenzeka, khona-ke umhlabathi omnyama noma ubumba.
Inqubo yokuvuna amagilebhisi emigodini: cabanga zonke izici ekuthengeni imbewu ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala
Ngamanye, amagilebhisi akhula kusukela enzalweni avuthwe ngokushesha, kodwa anganikeli izithelo ngokushesha, kodwa ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu emva kokutshala. Konke kungenzeka ukuthi izithelo zokuqala azikho ukuthi ufuna ukubonani, kepha ungakhathazeki. Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zanamuhla ziyimifino eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, engenza isici esihlukile uma sikhula kulo itshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona impova eyengeziwe, eyenza izinguquko zayo kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo olindelekile.
Inqubo yokuvuna amagilebhisi okuvela emigodini yile ndlela elandelayo
• Ukuqala, ukhethe ukuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi esifundeni sakho, ungaxhumana nabalimi abanolwazi.
• Khona-ke sithola okuncane kwamagilebhisi oyikhethayo esitolo noma emakethe.
• Emva kokuthenga, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amathambo anempilo, enemibala emihle, eqinile kuze kube yilapho ethintwa khona.
• Lungiselela imbewu yokuhluma, le nqubo ichazwe ngaphambilini.
• Ezinye imbewu zidinga ikamelo elibandayo nelomanzi ukuze inqubo yokuhluma iqale. Le nqubo ithatha izinyanga ezingu-1 -2.
• Okulandelayo, imbewu ehlwanyelwe itshalwe emabhodini ebangeni lika 3-4 cm kusuka komunye nomunye.
• Uma izitshalo zifinyelela ubude obuyi-10 cm, zifake izimbiza ezikhululekile.
• Ngama-30-35 cm ubude, ukufakelwa amagilebhisi emhlabathini.
• Uma amaqabunga ama-5-7 avela esitshalweni, angafakwa emhlabathini.
• Ukuze umvini ukhulele phezulu, kubalulekile ukubeka isikhonkwane eduze kwalo ngomugqa odobayo wokudoba.
• Ekugcineni, emva kweminyaka engu-2-3, ngokunakekelwa kahle kwamagilebhisi, uzokunika isivuno esihle.
