Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukudla okunempilo kuyingxenye "yesisekelo" sempilo yabantu.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila okunempilo ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino.
Kuvela kulokudla umuntu athola izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi amavithamini.
Ihlobo yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuvuna nokuvuthwa kwezithelo zemithi ehlukahlukene kanye nezihlahla.
Ngakho-ke, ehlobo singathola izakhi ezivela emifino, izithelo, namajikijolo.
Enye yemithombo yamavithamini iphakathi kwe.
Cabanga ngeqembu eliseduze lezinhlobo ze-dessert zamapheya "Udoti". "I-peachss pear" ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zamapheya - "i-Duchess summer" kanye ne "Duchess winter".
Incazelo izinhlobo "Duchess summer"
Iqembu lezinhlobonhlobo zamapheya "Udoti" lwakhiwa ngumfuyi odumile, uMnglishman Wheeler noWilliam basakaze lesi siko.
Umuthi wehlobo "Ukuhlambalaza" ubukhulu obukhulu noma obukhula kancane. Umqhele ububanzi, unenqwaba yamaqabunga, unesimo sephiramidi. Amaqabunga omqhele ankulu, abe nesimo se-oval, ubuso obubushelelezi obucwebezayo, obhekise ekugcineni. Inombolo yezimbali ku-inflorescence ifinyelela ku-6-7 izingcezu. Ngoba lezi zihlukahlukene yizici ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nezimbali eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbali zibekezelela kahle izinguquko ezimweni zesimo sezulu.
Usayizi wesisu kungaba kokubili nokukhulu, okulinganisa kufika ku-180g. Ukuma kuyinto ejwayelekile kulezi zitshalo zezitshalo, kancane kancane. Umbala wesithelo uhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokuvuthwa: okokuqala, isikhumba siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bese siphuzi. Inyama yesithelo i-juicy, i-cream-colored, i-sweet. Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo, "i-Duchess ehlobo" kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezinhle ze-dessert eziphakathi kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-dessert.
Izithelo emthini zibambe iqinile kuze kufike ukuvuthwa ngokugcwele ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Amapheya avuthiwe avuthiwe alahlekelwe isethulo sabo amasonto amabili. Isivuno salo mhlobonhlobo sikhulu, 230-250 kg yamapheya esihlahleni esisodwa.
Izintandokazi
- isivuno somkhiqizo
- ukunambitheka okumnandi
- cishe ayilonakalwanga ngesikhumba
- ukukhanya kokuhamba
- ukuntuleka kwemhlabathi
Ukungalungi
- ezilimele kabi ngama-aphid
-Izinga elilinganiselwe lokumelana nesomiso neqhwa
Incazelo izinhlobo "Winter Duchess"
"Ubusika bezinkukhuzi" kwasungulwa eBelgium. Isihlahla ephakeme, ekhula isikhathi eside, isivuno singatholakala eminyakeni engu-7-8 emva kokutshala. Unomqhele ogcwele ngokuma kwipiramidi. Amahlamvu ayi-elliptical, usayizi ophakathi. Izithelo Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhulu kakhulu, isisindo sifinyelela ku-350-400 g, ngezinye izikhathi u-600 g. Banegqoka lokuhweba elikhangayo, ubuso obushelelezi bombala ophuzi ngombala obomvu.
Inyama yesithelo imhlophe, enomanzi, inambitha enomnandi. Naphezu kokuthi izithelo zingahlala esihlahleni isikhathi eside, zingase ziwele ngenxa yezimo zezulu noma izici zenhlabathi, ngoba isithelo sonke sikhulu. Akufanele uthathe isivuno esingafuthi, kungenjalo zonke izimfanelo zokunambitheka zizolahleka. Ngokuqondene nezivuno, izinkomba ziyisilinganiso (90-100 kg zamapheya ezivela emthini owodwa).
Ukuvunwa kufanele kube ngo-Okthoba. "I-Duckss Winter" ivame ukuvuthwa ngesikhathi sokugcina ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka. Amapheya angavuthwa kuze kube nguDisemba, futhi endaweni epholile angakwazi ukuqamba amanga kuze kube ngoMeyi.
Izintandokazi
- usayizi omkhulu wezithelo
- akukho umonakalo ngesikhathi sokugcina
- ikhono lokuvuthwa ngesikhathi sokugcina
Ukungalungi
-ngaphansi kweqhwa ukumelana
- ukufafaza kwezithelo
- izinga lokulimala kwekhanda
-kupheka kwesikhumba ngesikhathi sokuvuna ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izici zokufika
Okungaphezulu kakhulu isikhathi esihle sokutshala amapheya - ingxenye yesibili ka-Ephreli, ngaphambi kwephuphuphuka. Kungenzeka ukutshala amapheya kokubili emigodini, nasezikhungweni ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini. Uma inhlabathi ingampofu, kufanele udinge umgodi wokutshala, futhi ngaphakathi ugcwalise inhlabathi evundile, futhi ukwenze ekwindla. Ukujula komgodi onjalo kungamamitha ayi-1, ububanzi buyi-60-70 cm. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi izihlahla zijule, njengoba lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kwezitshalo.
Uma utshala, ungadli umquba omusha emgodini, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukushisa ezimpandeni. Kungcono "ukuthuthukisa" inhlabathi ngendwangu yomhlabathi ovundile, umquba kanye ne-peat (amabhakede amabili emgodini ngamunye). Kusukela kule ingxube udinga ukwakha isigaxa futhi usakaze izimpande zesithombo kuso. Futhi, umuthi wesikhathi esizayo udinga ukwesekwa emoyeni, ngakho-ke udinga ukushayela isigxili esijulile phansi bese ubopha isikhwama sembewu ekusekeleni. I-Garter ingcono ukuyenza ngendlela ye "ayisishiyagalombili" ukuze ugweme ukulimala kwesiqu.
Zombili izinhlobo zeqembu elithi "Duchess" ukuzimela, okungukuthi, nabo badinga i-pollinator. Ehlobo "Ukuhlambalaza" kufanelana nezilwane ezinjalo njenge-Favorite Clapp, Forest Beauty, uBere Bosc, Olivier de Serre. Futhi, ebusika "iDuchesse" idinga "u-Olivier de Serre", "i-Bere Ardanpon" nabanye. Futhi lezi zinhlobo zidinga inhlabathi ehlukene. Uma "uWilliams" engathobekile enhlabathini, bese ubusika "i-Duchesse" (noma i-Dean ebusika) idinga umhlaba ovundile ezindaweni ezifudumele nezivikelwe.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda ngokutshala okulungile kwamapheya ekwindla.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhasi
1) Ukunisela
Ukutshala izihlahla kukubekezelela ukuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini, kodwa kusadingeka ukuthi kuphuziswa. Umthamo wokunisela okunjalo yi-2-3 amabhakede wamanzi ngonyaka wempilo yomuthi. Kudingeka uphuze ngaphambi kokuzimbali futhi emva kokuqhakaza (ekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni). Uma kunesidingo, unganisela imithi ekwindla. Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi igcwale umswakama, kubalulekile ukukhulula umhlabathi ukuvula ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen ohlelweni lwempande.
2) Ukuxhuma
Ukunciphisa umzimba kuyinkqubo okumele ibe nayo yonke imithi yezithelo. Lapho sekuqala isimo sezulu esibanda, izimpande ezingavimbelwe zingafisa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo ngeke sisinde kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Ukunciphisa umzimba kuvikela uhlelo lwempande kusuka ekugqibeleni kwezinga lokushisa. Amapheya angcono kumquba womquba, ama-humus. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ungasebenzisa ukhula, utshani. Ukuncintisana kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokunciphisa izinga lokushisa, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni-ekwindla.
3) Ukuhweba
Ukuze uvikele eliphakathi kwezinto ezilimazayo zeqhwa nemimoya yasebusika, kubalulekile ukumboza ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk ngendwangu yesikotini noma i-newsprint. Ngemuva kweqhwa, udinga ukuyiqoqa ngangokunokwenzeka nxazonke zezithombo. Iqhwa yilona ukuvikelwa okungcono kwesistimu ebusweni emakhazeni, kepha esimweni sokuthi awekho amaqhwa amabi okwamanje.
Ngokuqondene nezihlahla ezivuthiwe, zivele zidinga ukuvikelwa emaqanda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza ucingo oluncane nxazonke zomuthi noma ucingo oluvamile lwesayithi lonke.
4) Ukudubula
Ukukhipha izihlahla kungcono kakhulu entwasahlobo, njengasezindaweni ezilimale zasebusika kungonakaliswa izinga lokushisa okuphansi, kanti ehlobo, kanye namagatsha, amaqabunga azophinde asuswe, okungaholela emiphumeleni eyingozi emthini omncane. Ngonyaka wokuqala, kubalulekile ukusika cishe u-¼ engxenyeni ephakathi kwesiqu, kanye namagatsha ase-lateral ngaphezu kwamafihlethi.
Ngakho-ke, i-pear ngeke ikhule hhayi kuphela ephakeme, kodwa futhi ububanzi, okuzoholela ekukhuleni kwe-efihlekile entsha. Kodwa ngonyaka wesibili okuyingxenye eyinhloko kudingeka ifinyezwe ngu-20-25 cm, futhi kusukela emagatsheni ahlangothini ukuze enze i-cone eqoshiwe - amagatsha angenhla kufanele abe mfushane kunalawo aphansi. Ukunciphisa amagatsha ohlangothini angaba ngu-5-8 cm.
5) Umanyolo
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhula, amapheya awudingi ukondliwa okungeziwe, ngoba athuthukise umhlabathi emgodini ngenkathi utshala. Iningi lomanyolo kufanele lisetshenziswe ekwindla. Amaminerali amaminerali adinga ukwenziwa minyaka yonke, i-organic - once in 3 years. Ngama-1 sq.m. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza 5-8 kg of umquba eziphilayo, 30-20 g of superphosphate, 20-30 g of potassium chloride, futhi 20-25 g of ammonium nitrate. Noma yikuphi ukugqoka kumele kwenziwe emigodini ukujula kwe-15-20 cm emaphethelweni omjikelezo, ochaza umqhele.
6) Ukuvikelwa
Njengoba "i-Duchess" ibonakaliswe ngesikhumba kanye ne-sucker, kuzomele uhlole izindlela zokuvikela izihlahla ezinambuzane.
Isikhumba - esinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu eziphakathi kwepheya. Kokubili amaqabunga nezithelo ngokwabo bangadalulwa ku-fungus. Isikhumba sidluliselwa ngamaqabunga awile. Amabala amnyama avela emagqabeni anesifo kanye nezithelo.
Kungenzeka ukulwa nalesi sifo ngokuphatha izihlahla nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid noma isixazululo se-oxychloride se-0.5% ngesikhathi sokuphuza futhi ekupheleni kwezimbali. Kubalulekile futhi ukushisa amaqabunga endala bese uhlakulela umhlabathi ozungeza umuthi ngesisombululo se-nitrafen esingu-0.3%.
I-pear sucker i-hibernates emaqabunga awile, izithelo ezifihlekile. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngokubeka amaqanda ezintsheni nasemagqabeni. I-Medianitsa idonsa isitshalo esihlahleni, ngakho-ke iyancipha. Ukuze ulwe nezinambuzane, kudingekile ukuba uchithe izihlahla nge-ole-cohort, i-karbofos (90g ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi), njll ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela amahlumela. Ukuze ukubhubhisa izibungu ze-sucker ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwe-pear kuyadingeka ukucubungula isihlahla ne-organophosphate insecticides
