Amagilebhisi etafuleni afanele ukuhlobisa noma yiliphi itafula ngokubukeka okumnandi kwamajikijolo nobumnandi be-pulp.
Ukwenza kube lula ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ofuna ukuzenza esivini sakho, udinga ukutadisha izici eziyinhloko zezinketho ezimbalwa bese ukhetha okuhamba kahle kakhulu kunambitheka yakho nesimo sezulu esifundeni.
Ibanga lamagilebhisi "Ngijabule umhlophe"
Amagilebhisi amagilebhisi alezi zihlukahlukene akhulu kakhulu futhi abe nesimo se-conical. Okukhulu isisindo amaqoqo ngezinye izikhathi ifinyelela ku-2kg. Amajikijolo anamafutha, avulekile, ayenama-oval shape. Inyama i-crispy, enamanzi futhi enomnandi, ivikelwe isikhumba esincane esincane. Umbala wamajikijolo awubucayi, uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unomtholo wegolide.
Ngokusho komkhiqizo wawo, lolu hlobo lwamagilebhisi luyizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene - kusukela ehektheleni elilodwa, ngokucophelela, kungenzeka ukuqoqa cishe abantu abangu-140. Amahlumela athelayo angama-75%, inani lamaqoqo okubalekela cishe ngo-1.6.
"Jabulela umhlophe" kubhekisela kwenye yezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala. Isikhathi sawo sokuvuthwa asidluli izinsuku ezingu-120.
Ukungaqiniseki kwakhe izinzuzo kukhona:
- ukukhula okuqinile okunzima;
- I-pulp esiphundu kakhulu nesethenda yamajikijolo;
- ukuguga okuhle;
- amajikijolo amakhulu e-golden-green;
- ukukhiqiza okukhulu kwamahlumela (kufinyelela ku-85%);
- ukuzivikela okuhle kakhulu ezinambuzane nezifo;
- umvini awulimazanga ngisho nase--26 ° C frost;
- Amaqoqo avuthiwe anempilo ende emvinini (kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-1.5), kanti ukunambitheka kanye nezici zangaphandle zamajikijolo akuguquki;
- ukuhamba kahle okuhle;
- isisindo esikhulu sezinhlamvu (cishe 550g).
Ngu u-cons angagcizelela okulandelayo:
- ukuhluma okugculisayo kokunqunyiwe kwamagilebhisi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhulela ngesimo somvini ohlanganisiwe emasimini amakhulu;
- ukuphika okuncane kum phylloxera.
Njengoba i-White Delight iyinhlobonhlobo enkulu yokuqala, ukutshala kwayo kuyakukhetha ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ngoba, ukushisa okuphephile komvini, ukushisa okuphelele kwenkathi kufanele kube okungenani ngo-2000 ° C (kule ncazelo, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa wonke amazinga okushisa ajwayelekile nsuku zonke ethile yenkathi ).
Abavinini bewayini abanolwazi bayeluleka zitshale isivini ekwindlaKusukela ngalesi sikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhethe izinto ezinhle zokutshala, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, umvini, otshalwe ngempumelelo ekwindla, uzobe ukhula ngentshiseko entwasahlobo futhi uzothela izithelo ngaphambi kwezithombo zentwasahlobo. Phela, phakathi nenkathi yasebusika uhlelo lwempande luzoqina futhi luzokhula.
Akunakwenzeka ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi kunoma yiziphi izindlela ezitholakala ku-viticulture, kodwa uma utshala amahlathi eduze nodonga lwesakhiwo, ebusuku, udonga olushisa ilanga luzokwenza ukushisa kwalo kumagilebhisi, ngaleyo ndlela ukwandisa izinga lokushisa nsuku zonke. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya inhlabathi kusayithi.
Uma umhlaba ucebile ngobumba, kubalulekile umvini yenza amanzi amanziUma kukhona inqwaba ye-peat esakhiweni, kubalulekile ukwengeza isihlabathi. Indawo enesihlabathi kufanele ifakwe umanyolo noma umquba.
Ukuze uthole ama-bunches amakhulu kunazo zonke ezivela ehlathini, kubalulekile ukudala umthwalo olinganiselwe ngamehlo (cishe ama-25 amehlo esihlahleni esikhulu somvini) nesitoreji esihle sokhuni oludala oluvikela isiqu. Ukudubula kufanele kwenziwe kuze kube ngu-3 amehlo ngoba ukuvuna okukhulu komvini kubonakala phansi kwamagilebhisi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhulile kahle ngokuhlelwa kwe-formations nama-rootstocks amakhulu. Kuye ngesimo sezulu sesifunda sokutshala, umvini kufanele uchithe izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngemikhiqizo ye-oidium ne-mildew.
Mayelana namagilebhisi "Umsizi"
Amaqoqo e-Talisman ahlukahlukene anombala omhlophe-ophuzi, kunkulu, aphefumula kancane, futhi ahambisana nomumo. Okuvamile isisindo evuthiwe ama-bunches ayi-1100g. Amajikijolo anamafutha, anokuqukethwe okushukela okuhle, lapho ekhula, athola iphunga elimnandi.
"Umsizi" ubhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivelele. Isibalo sezithelo ezihluma esihlahleni sipheze ngo-85%, kanti inani lamaqoqo ngokudubula cishe li-1.7. I-Cuttings ine-rooting enhle kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa - lokhu kuyisivini esiphakathi kwamabele (cishe izinsuku ezingu-130).
Kuya kufanelekile Lokhu kuhlukahluka kungenziwa ngokuthi:
- ukunambitheka kakhulu kwamajikijolo (okuqukethwe okuphezulu ushukela ka-21% no-acidity ka-6-8g / l);
- usayizi omkhulu wamajikijolo;
- isici siphunga iphunga le-pulp;
- ukuthutha okuphezulu;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- elihle kakhulu ukukhula kweqanda cuttings;
- ukukhula okuqinile kwezithombo;
- ukuqala ukungena e-fruiting;
- izithombo ezinamandla;
- ukulenga isikhathi eside sokuvuna ehlathini nokulondoloza ukunambitheka kanye nezici zangaphandle;
- ukumelana kahle nezifo ezinjenge-mildew ne-mold mold;
- ukuqina ukumelana nesithwathwa (kufika ku -25 ° C).
Azikho ukwehluleka okuphawulekayo kulezi zihlukahlukene. Kodwa uma ikhulile, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokulinganisa nokukhiqiza futhi i-pollination eyengeziwe yamahlathi.
Uma ukutshala kufanele uhlole inhlabathi yokuba khona kwamanzi omunyu. Amagilebhisi awasekeli kakhulu lezi zingosi. Kungcono ukhethe indawo ekhanyisiwe kahle, okulungile ukutshala kuyoba yintaba encane, ebheke eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Awukwazi ukutshala izihlahla zamagilebhisi ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona ukuphefumula kwamanzi abandayo, kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Izinsuku ezingu-14 ngaphambi kokutshala izivini ezifiselekayo bamba isakhiwo esihle, umhlabathi we-acid ohlanganiswe ne-lime ngesilinganiso se-200g nge-1 sq. m. isakhiwo.
Isikhathi sokutshala singakhethwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Eningizimu - lokhu kungangomhla ka-15 kaMeyi, futhi enyakatho, ngemuva kwesikhathi esincane, ekupheleni kukaMeyi - uma ukhetha intwasahlobo. Isikhathi sokutshala kwe-autumn sincike ekufikeni kokuqala kwama-frosts esifundeni - ngokuvamile isikhathi kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuNovemba.
Isimo esiyinhloko kufanele sibe ukufudumala okuhle komhlaba kanye nendlela eseduze yeqhwa.
Lezivini zithandwa ikakhulukazi ngoba zinokuphikisa kakhulu izifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane, kanye nesithwathwa. Akudingeki ukumboza ebusika. Njengoba kukhona ama-inflorescences angu-2-3 kumahlumela, akunakwenzeka ukukhohlwa ukulinganisa isivuno. Futhi kufanele unikeze impova eyengeziwe ngenkathi ingena ezihlahleni ezimbali. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele nokudla okungeziwe, izinga lokuqopha lokuvuna lingaqoqwa kulezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda mayelana namagilebhisi ase pink
Ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene "Arcadia"
Izinhlobonhlobo "I-Arcadia" - ingenye yezinhlobo ezithile ezitholakala ekudlukeni kwe "Kardinal" ne "Moldova." Ngenxa yalokho, wathola zonke izimfanelo zabo ezinhle - ubumnandi obumangalisayo, ukumelana nokulimala okuhlukahlukene kanye izinga eliphezulu.
Izihlahla zide kakhulu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zitholakala phakathi - kuxhomeke kumasu okunakekelwa kanye nekhwalithi ye-seedling ngokwayo. Ngezimo ezinhle zokunakekela, ubukhulu bamaqoqo bungaba 2 kg.
Amajikijolo amhlophe, kunalokho amakhulu, amaqanda ahlotshisiwe, noma aphethwe yinhliziyo. Okuqukethwe kwe-Sugar kufinyelela ku-16%, okungekho okuningi, ngakho ukunambitheka kwe-"Arcadia" kukhanya kakhulu, kuthenda futhi kungaboni. Nge-pulp egcwele yokuvuthwa uthola ukunambitheka kwe-muscat futhi unomsoco omuhle. Isikhumba sinamandla kakhulu, hhayi obukhulu, sivikela kahle ubhiya.
Ngenani lezilimo ezivunyiwe, i-Arkadia ingabhekwa njengomholi phakathi kwamanye amagilebhisi. Ehlathini elilodwa lamahlumela athelayo angaba ngu-75%, kanti i-coefficient of fruitfulness yi-1.5.
"Arcadia" - i-varia zakuqala (isikhathi sokuvuthwa kuphela izinsuku ezingaba ngu-120).
Izinzuzo Izinhlobo "Arcadia" ziyi:
- ukuthutha okuhle kakhulu;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- uhlelo oluhle lwezimpande;
- ukukhula okusheshayo kwezihlahla;
- ukulimala ekuqaleni;
- ukunambitheka okukhulu nokubukeka;
- ukuzivikela okuhle kakhulu kwesikhutha;
- ukumelana okuhle ebusika ebusika (kufika ku -21 ° C);
- ukuhambisana kahle nenani elikhulu lamasheya.
Okuwukuphela kokungalungi ekunakekeleni lawa amagilebhisi ukuthi kubalulekile ukunciphisa ama-inflorescences, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngenxa yalokho, ungathola inani elikhulu lamaqoqo angavuthiwe ehlathini, okungabangela ukuba umvini afe njengoba uzama ukukhipha sonke isitshalo.
"I-Arcadia" iyazwela izinga lokunakekela, ngakho-ke kudingeka wenze umzamo wokufeza imiphumela emihle.
Izitshalo zinezimpande ezinhle, okungabazeki ukuthi lula ukwenza inqubo yokutshala. Iphumelele kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi. Kodwa hhayi "ukugubha" amaxhaphozi usawoti. Uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze nesiqephu esikhethwe ukutshala, khona-ke phansi kwegodi lokufika kufanele kube ukwakha amanzi amanzi.
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu indawo enhle yokutshala emthambekeni, njengoba amagilebhisi azokhanya ngokukhanya ngokukhanya kwelanga. Ungatshala futhi eduze nesakhiwo, futhi izihlahla zizothola ukushisa okungekho emdongeni ovuthayo.
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu sitshala "Arcadia" kungaba sekupheleni kukaMashi. Into eyinhloko ukuthi inhlabathi ivunguza kuze kufike ku-8C, kanti izinga lokushisa lokushisa lansuku zonke lingenani okungu-10C. Emgwaqeni ophakathi isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuhlala umhlaba sizoba phakathi no-Ephreli - isigamu sokuqala sikaMeyi.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla, kubalulekile ukunaka izimo ezithile zezulu esifundeni. Okthoba yisikhathi esihle kakhulu. Amahlamvu emvinini asewile kakade, inhlabathi ayikho ngaphezulu-okumanzi, futhi kusekhona isikhathi ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka irekhodi lomnikazi wokuvunwa. Kodwa ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela efunayo, kubalulekile ukuhambisana neminye imikhuba yezolimo. Uma kungenjalo, umvini awukwazi ukumelana nomthwalo, isivuno sizoba sikhulu, kodwa singavuthi, futhi sizovele sibhubhise isihlahla. Ukulinganisa isivuno kuvamile. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze amajikijolo akhulu kakhulu futhi avuthiwe.
Kunconywa ukondla umanyolo ngobuningi obuhle entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukunisela kubuye kuhlanganiswe nokugqoka okuphezulu kwamanzi. Ngenqwaba yemvula yokuqhekeka okunokwenzeka amajikijolo, kanjalo umswakama owengeziwe womhlabathi ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukuba ume. Ukudubula kungenziwa kokubili futhi kufushane.
Umthwalo esihlahleni esisodwa akufanele udlule u-8 amahlumela ngomitha wesikwele wesilinganiso sokudla kwamagilebhisi. "I-Arcadia" iyahambisana nenani elikhulu lamasheya.
Ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi "Okokuqala"
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezihlahla zomvini ezikhula ngamandla. Amabhuzu kuhle esikhulu, enesisindo esingaba ngu-600g, ukuma okuxekethile, okuyi-conical. Ubuningi bamajikijolo bunokulinganisela. Amajikijolo ayin pink enhle noma izimbali ezimhlophe-pink, umumo ohlangene nge tip tip, evikelwe isikhumba obukhulu.
Okuqukethwe ushukela we-pulp kungu-21%, futhi i-acidity i-5-6g / l. Ama-shrub ane ukubukeka okuhlobisa futhi enhle kakhulu elangeni, abe nokuvuthwa okuhle kakhulu.
Ngokomkhiqizo, ungafaka inani elilinganiselwe. Inani lamahlumela athelayo emahlathini angama-75%, kanti isisindo sokukhiqiza singu-1.7 (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle).
Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, i- "Original" ibhekisela ezinhlotsheni eziphakathi kwesikhathi (cishe izinsuku ezingu-140).
Iningi elibonakalayo izinzuzo Lokhu okuhlukahlukene yilokhu:
- ukubukeka kwezihlahla nezihlahla;
- ukuguga okuhle kwamahlumela;
- ukumelana okuhle nezifo ezinjengesihlungu, isikhunta se-oidium ne-grey, sibekezelela i-phylloxera.
Kuya u-cons Izinhlobo zangempela zifaka:
- isilinganiso frost ukumelana;
- inombolo enkulu ngokwanele yesitshalo esithandekayo, esingenaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa;
- ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi zezulu, ngesikhathi sokuvuna kwamagilebhisi, kunenqwaba yezinyosi, okuyinto eyancipha inkulumo yeqembu;
- i-pulp encane yamanzi;
- ukuthuthwa okuphansi ngenxa yokunamathiswa okubuthakathaka kwamajikijolo kuya esiqwini seqembu.
Izinga lokuqothula lilinganiselwe, ngakho-ke isihlahla sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele emva kokutshala. Uma uthenga isithombo, qaphela ukuvuthwa kwesistimu yayo.
Uma ukhetha isikhathi sokufika, kubalulekile ukucabangela isimo sezulu esifundeni kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ezifikayo. Uma utshalwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunesikhathi esinconywayo, izithombo zizokhula kahle futhi ziwe ngemuva kokukhula.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukutshala enhlabathini emanzi kungaholela ekufeni kwamagilebhisi. Ibanga lokuqala kungatshalwa entwasahlobo - kusukela ngo-Mashi 15 kuya kuMeyi 15, kanye nasenkathini yekwindla - kusukela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Ukudubula komvini kufanele kwenziwe kwamehlo angu-8-12, kuyilapho ususa amahlumela amancane. Umthwalo osehlathini kufanele ube ngaphezu kwamehlo angama-60. I "original" idinga ukunakekelwa okunzulu. Ithuthukisa kangcono ekubunjweni okuqinile ngezinga elanele lezinkuni zakudala.
Olunye uhlobo lwethebula - "Moldova"
Amajikijolo aseMoldova amagilebhisi anombala ocebile omnyama obomvu kanye nokuqhakaza kwe-waxy, oval in shape, evikelwe isikhumba obukhulu, obukhulu. Amaqoqo aphakathi (amakhulu kunawo afinyelela ku-1kg), ahlangene, ngezinye izikhathi ayesimweni esivamile, ahluke ngokubaluleka okukhethekile.
Inyama iyamanzi, i-meaty ne-crispy, inomdla olula. Izimbali zobungqingili. Ngaphansi kwemaqabunga, i-bristly villi ingabonwa.
Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu kakhulu. Ngezimo ezihle zezulu nezokunakekelwa kungaqoqwa 150-200ts / ha.
"I-Moldova" iyinhlobonhlobo yokuphuza yamagilebhisi ephuzile noma ephakathi. Ungavuna emvinini ngo-20 kaSeptemba, kuncike kwisimo sezulu esifundeni. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kungenzeka ukuthi isivuno ngeke sivuthwe kuze kube sekugcineni.
Izinzuzo:
- ukungena ekuqaleni kokugcwele fruiting;
- ukuzivikela okuhle kwezifo ze-fungal, eziningi zazo azidingi ukwelashwa, ngaphandle kwe-oidium;
- ukumelana ngokuphelele ne-phylloxera, okuvumela ukuba itshalwe ezindaweni ezitheleleke kule nkathazo;
- inezinkomba ezinhle zokuthutha, ukugcina ikhwalithi;
- umvini ophikisana neqhwa kuze kube se--22 ° C;
- isikhathi eside sivuthiwe esihlahleni.
Ukungalungi Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziningi. Kodwa, ngezinga elihle lolwazi lomlimi, iningi lazo lingagwenywa. Ngakho:
- uzwela kwi-chlorosis ye-calcareous;
- ukuphikisana okumpofu ku-fomopsis;
- ngokuphawulekayo kokushisa, ikhwalithi yokuthutha nokugcina isitoreji kancane.
Uma ubeka isivinini, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sivini esivusa ngamandla, esingenjalo ukubekezelela ukufika okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze isithombo ngasinye sibe nesidingo esikhulu sokwenza ngokugcwele, kungenjalo amaqoqo ayoba amancane futhi ahluleke, okuyokwenza ithinte izinga lokuvuna.
Akukubi ukufaka amafomu amasha ngesandla ngokubekwa mahhala kwamagatsha amasha, kodwa, kusetshenzwa i-arbor evelele kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwamagilebhisi luthanda izindawo ezifudumele, ezihlanzekile futhi ezicebile.
Njengoba izinzuzo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zembulwa ngokuqondile lapho zihlwanyela ezindaweni ezifudumele enhlabathini evuthayo, kungenzeka ukutshala entwasahlobo ekupheleni kukaMashi, nasekuwa kusukela ngoSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni kukaNovemba.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi azibekezeli ukulayisha ngokweqile komvini ngesitshalo, noma ukulayishwa phansi. Ngakho-ke kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela futhi ukubunjwa kwamahlathi.
