Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezithelo zomvini ezinezinhlamvu ezinkulu namajikijolo.
Ngisho nangamazinga ahlukahlukene wezinhlobonhlobo, abanye abavinji bewayini abakhuthele bayakwazi ukufeza impumelelo engakaze ibe khona.
Kodwa, uma kwenzeka ukuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi akwaMonarch, imizamo ekhethekile ngeke kudingeke.
Phela, ngisho naphezu kobukhulu besilinganiso samagilebhisi, amajikijolo alesi sithelo samagilebhisi asuke afinyelele emaqophelweni amarekhodi.
Uma ufuna ukumangala abangani bakho - ngokuqinisekile uyohlwanyela lezi zihlukahlukene kulesi sakhiwo sakho.
Futhi kanjani ukufeza ukutshala okulungile, futhi yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo ezithandwa yiMonar grape - sizobe sichaza ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngokuningiliziwe ngawe ngezansi.
"Monarch" - amagilebhisi afanele ababusi beqiniso
Umlimi olula waseRussia u-E.G. wakwazi ukufeza impumelelo ephezulu ekudaleni izinhlobo ezintsha zamagilebhisi. Pavlovsky. Ukuthola ezihlukahlukene "Monarch" wasebenzisa ezihlukahlukene amagilebhisi "Kardinal", impova nge ingxube yempova kusuka kwezinye izinhlobo.
Umphumela walokho kutholakala impova, wawela ngamagilebhisi "Umsila". Emva kwemiphumela yokuwela okunjalo kwabonisa imiphumela engavamile, i-hybrid entsha yanikezwa igama elifanele ngempela "uMongameli".
Izici ezihlukanisayo zamagilebhisi "Monarch"
Amaqoqo alezi zithelo ezivuthiwe amancane, nakuba zibhekwa njengezikhulu. Isisindo sabo sishintshashintsha kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-1 kilogram. Amajikijolo afakwa kwiqembu labantu abaphakathi. Ifomu leqembu lamagilebhisi elithi "Monarch" livame ukucubungula, nakuba livame ukutholakala futhi lilindile.
Kodwa inzuzo enkulu yalezi zihlukahlukene ngokungangabazeki amajikijolo ayo. Ubukhulu obufinyelela kubo bukhulu ngempela. Amajikijolo enziwe ama-egg alezi zihlukahlukene atholakala ngesisindo kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-20 amagremu., nakuba kunesisindo esingama-gramu angama-32. Ngakho-ke, lesi sivini sinokufana okufana namaplamu.
Ukuphakama kwamajikijolo ajwayelekile we "Monarch" kungamamentimitha angu-3.6, ububanzi bawo buphakathi kwama-2.6 cm. Umbala wesikhumba wamagilebhisi ungumbala ophuzi obomvu obunobomvu obomvu ovela ohlangothini olukhanyiswa ilanga. Ukwakhiwa kwesikhumba semibhede yamagilebhisi kuncane kakhulu, kodwa nakuba kunesilinganiso sobukhulu, asizwa sengathi sidliwa. Ukubukeka okuhle kubanika iphrezentheshini ekhangayo nakakhulu.
I-pulp yamagilebhisi "i-Monarch" ayinemvelo engavamile, emnandi kakhulu uma isetshenziswe ngokushesha. Imbewu ebhakheni incane, kuphela izinto ezingu-2-3 kuphela. I-pulp iqukethe isisindo esikhulu sejusi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ubuningi bamajikijolo buphakathi. Ukunambitheka kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyamnandi kakhulu futhi kumnandi, isici kuphela "seMonarch", sinomsoco we-muscat. Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali walesi grape kakhulu amashukela amaningiokuyinto ngokushesha buthelela, ukuze ikhule ngokushesha.
Ibanga elithi "Monarch" liyadla. Amajikijolo alo afaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwabantu futhi avame ukutshala ngokukhethekile. Ngenxa yobuningi besikhumba, amajikijolo nawo athuthwa ngokuphelele. Inani elikhulu lejusi lenza lezi zihlukahlukene zilungele kahle ukwenza iwayini.
Imigomo yokuvuna yamagilebhisi kanye nomkhiqizo wayo
Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi "Monarch", khona-ke lezi zihlukahlukene kufanele zibhekiswe kumuntu wokuqala. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezehlukene kuye ngokuthi isifunda sezulu esivame ukukhula kwamagilebhisi. Eningizimu, ukuvuthwa kungase kuqale kusukela ngo-Agasti 10 noma phakathi kwawo, ngenkathi, njengesibonelo, esifundeni saseSamara saseRussia, lezi zikhathi ziphuza kuze kube maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ngokwesilinganiso, inkathi ekhulayo yalezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ayisekho, kunezinsuku ezingu-130.
Ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kuphezulu kakhulu, ngoba isihlahla esisodwa ngokuvamile siletha kusuka kumakhilogremu ayisikhombisa amajikijolo avuthiwe. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi amandla okukhula esihlahla sama-monarch asinamandla kakhulu. Umvini uyakwazi ukuvuthwa okungaphezulu kuka-30% ubude bawo, amahlumela ngokuvamile anebude obungaphezu kweyodwa imitha. Uma ukusika kufanele kunconywe ukuba ushiye ukulayisha ehlathini angaboni ngaphezu kwama-35 amehlo. Inani elikhulu lamahlumela esihlahleni esisodwa yizicucu ezingu-24.
Amagilebhisi kaMonic aphethwe yiziqu ngokuzimela. Lokhu kubangelwa imbali yobungqingili. Kodwa-ke, ukuvelela kwayo ukuthi kungcono kakhulu impova kusukela ohlangothini olusemthunzini.
Amapulangwe amagilebhisi "uMonarch"
Okubaluleke kakhulu kulezi zinhlobonhlobo kukhona amaqabunga amahle kakhulu amagilebhisi anesethulo esiphezulu nesayizi elihle lokudayiswa. Futhi, inzuzo enkulu yi-amajikijolo amakhulu akhangayo, anambitha ohlukile. Futhi, izinzuzo ze "Monarch" zilandelayo:
- Ngemva kokuvuthwa, amajikijolo angahlala ehlathini ngaphandle kokulimaza ukunambitheka.
- Amajikijolo awaphendukeli ekushintsheni okungazelelwe emhlabathini umswakama nomoya. Ukuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi akukakwanga.
- Amajikijolo ensimbi awaqaphelwa ngisho nasezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu.
- Ukunqunywa kwamagilebhisi "uMonarch" kunamanani aphezulu kakhulu okuqothulwa kwezilimo njengoba kuhlwanyela ngezimpande zawo, futhi lapho uhlanganiswa.
- Izinkuni zomvini ziphikisana kahle namazinga okushisa aphansi ebusika. Ku--23-25ºС akulimazwanga.
- Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwalezi zihlukahlukene kuya isikhutha kanye ukunqotshwa isithelo gray isikhunta.
Izinkinga ezihlukahlukene "Monarch" nezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga
Phakathi kokushiyeka ukuthambekela kwalezi zihlukahlukene kuya ukuchitha i-ovary. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungalokothi ulahlekelwe isivuno ngokuphelele, kungcono ukuthi ungagcini amaqabunga. Futhi, kukholelwa ukuthi ukususwa kwamahlumela ngaphambi kokuzimbali kungenye yezimbangela zokuchitha i-ovary. Ukunciphisa inani lamabhande emvinini lapho ama-berries e-pea eqala ukwakha kuwo.
Bush kanye nezithelo zamagilebhisi "Monarch" okuvame ukuthinteka ngamazolo efulawalokho kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme okunjalo, umvini kufanele uchithelelwe ukuvikela.
Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi "Monarch" kusayithi: imibuzo nezimpendulo
Amagilebhisi amahle adinga ukulingana okuhle nokufanele. Umbuzo wokuqala uqondene nokukhethwa okufanele kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zokutshala. Ungalungisa isiqu noma usebenzise isithombo esivele sithande. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izimpande zezithombo ezithengiwe zithuthukisiwe kahle. Ubufakazi obuhle, hhayi izimpande ezimisiwe ngumbala wabo omhlophe. Beka ukusika kwesithombo kumele kube luhlaza. Inani elihle lemigodla ye-cuttings - 2-3.
Indlela yokulungisa ukusika ukutshala?
Ukulungiselela ama-cuttings wokutshala ngezimpande zabo futhi ukuhlanganiswa esitokisini samagilebhisi kuhlukile. Esikhathini sokuqala, ukusika kunciphisa emanzini noma kuthelwe ingilazi ngezwe elimanzi futhi kushiyelwe kulesi simo kuze kube yilapho kutholakala izimpande nokuvulwa kwamehlo.
Okwesibili, isiqu sidinga ukunqunywa. Kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela futhi ngendlela yokuthi izinhlangothi ezimbili kuphela zaqedwa, futhi amahlombe amabili ahlala ezinhlangothini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi siqu sibekwa usuku olulodwa emanzini. Ngaphambi kwe-inoculation, ingxenye ekhonjiwe ingafakwa kwisisombululo esikhethekile esenziwe ama-Humate (ukuze kube nesisombululo, kuphela amaconsi angu-10 omuthi ngamunye ilitha lamanzi kufanele lisetshenziswe). Esikhatsini esifanayo kumele kubekwe isilwane kanye nesithombo.
Ingxenye engenhla yokusika inconywa ukuxhuma. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukulondolozwa komswakama esibambeni, okubuye, kwandisa ikhono layo lokuqothula. Kodwa kudingekile ukuba ugxume ngokucophelela isiqu: ukuze kungalimazi, isiqu sishintsha kancane kancane ephafini ecibilikile futhi ngokushesha sehlile emanzini.
Iyiphi indawo engcono kakhulu yokutshala amagilebhisi "iNkosi"?
Amagilebhisi athande kakhulu ukukhanya kwelanga, ngaphandle kokuthi ukuvuthwa komthengi akukona ngesikhathi esifanele. Futhi, imimoya ebandayo ephikisana nayo, ngokuvamile evame ukushaya kusukela enyakatho. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungcono ukusihlwanyela eduze nezindonga eziseningizimu ezakhiweni, okuyinto ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyoba kokubili ukuvikelwa komoya nokusekela ukusika ngokuqondile.
Futhi, uhlobo lomhlabathi lapho amagilebhisi atshalwa khona kubaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sifaneleke kakhulu emaphashini. inhlabathi enezinga elikhulu lokuswakama.
Okuphikisana ngokucacile kukhona inhlabathi yobumba nemifula. Ngeke kwenzeke ukufeza okuhle okusinda kwamagilebhisi esihlabathini.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yamagilebhisi inhlabathi emnyama ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba cishe ngamamitha ayi-1.5. Uma bekhuphuka phezulu - qiniseka ukwenza isimiso sokugeleza kusayithi, ukumba i-groove noma into enjengesibi. Kungenjalo, ukutshala amagilebhisi kumele kushiywe.
Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala amagilebhisi "Monarch", futhi yisiphi isikhathi sokukhetha?
Sesivele sikhulume ngenhla ukuthi ukufika kweNdodana kungenziwa njengoba usebenzisa izithombo ezihlukahlukene, kanye nokufakelwa kwesitokisi kwi-shtamb yamagilebhisi endala. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokunambitha iyakwazi ukunikeza amagilebhisi, atshalwe ngezimpande zawo. Nokho Ukutshala esitokisini kuzokuqinisekisa ukungena okusheshayo komvini ngesikhathi sokuhluma kanye nezitshalo eziphakeme eminyakeni yokuqala.
Uma ukhethe ukutshala isilwane, kungcono ukuyiqhuba ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngoba isitsha sesineke sibekezelela kakhulu ubusika kakhulu, njengoba kungavinjelwe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamagilebhisi "uMonarch" uphelele kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Phela, ukugoma kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningi:
- Gweba "amahlumela amnyama" ku-shtamb yamagilebhisi afanayo.
- Hlanganisa i-stalk eluhlaza esiqhingini esiluhlaza sesihlahla esidala.
- Inoculate nge-"black" graft ku-boom esivele igcwele.
Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi nge-sapling?
Indlela yokulungiselela ukutshala isiflethi esivele sichazile ngenhla, manje sekulungiselela umgodi. Ukujula kwalo kuvame ukuqhutshwa izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu ubukhulu besimiso sempande yesithombo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kufakwe kuwo futhi ingxube ye-humus nomhlabathi. Umanyolo ugcwaliswe ngenye ingqimba yomhlaba, engahlanganiswa nodaba oluphilayo noma umquba wamaminerali (uma kungenjalo kukhona amathuba okushisa izimpande zesithombo somvini).
Okulandelayo, thatha isithombo sethu futhi usike kancane ngommese obukhali noma ubeke izeluleko zezimpande zawo. Kudingekile ukuthi uhlise ngokucophelela isithombo emgodini ukuze intamo yentambo ayizange ingene emgodini. Ngemva kwalokho, kancane kancane siwugodle umgodi, siqiniseke ukuthi izimpande azilimazanga futhi akukho sikhala samahhala phakathi kwabo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukumba ukusekelwa okuqinile eduze kwesithombo semagilebhisi. Ngemuva kokutshala, amagilebhisi aphuzisa kakhulu, okungenani asetshenziswa ngamalitha angu-30 amanzi (nakuba kufanelekile ukunaka izimo zezulu).
Yini ekhethekile ngokuxhunyelelwa i-Monarch graft graft?
I-cuttings yalezi zihlukahlukene inekhono elihle lokuqothula. Ngakho-ke, uma ukusika kukhethwe okuhle, akufanele ukhathazeke ngokuthi ngabe kuzosetshenziswa yini isitokisi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuyifaka ngokufanele, njengoba ulungiselele kahle hhayi kuphela ukuhlanganiswa ngokwayo, kodwa futhi isiqu. Ngokukhethekile I-shtamb kufanele ihlanjululwe ngokucophelela, okwenza kube lula ngokuphelele futhi isula yonke ingcola ngendwangu emanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitokwe sihlukana phakathi ukuze ukusika kuhambisane kahle. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukusika ngaphakathi kwesitokisi ukuze kuphela okuyingxenye yayo ehlanganisiwe efihlekile ekuhlukaneni. Emva kwalokhu i-shtamb igxilile iminyene futhi igwetshwe ngobumba.
Ukunakekela amagilebhisi "Monarch" - yikuphi okungafanele kuphuthelwe ama-nuances?
Ekunakekeleni kwamagilebhisi kudingeka uqaphele ngokukhethekile, ngoba lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu isivuno saso uma kungekho ukusika okulula nokuphuza. Indima ebalulekile nayo idlala ngokugqoka kahle nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi ezungeze isiqu somvini.
Ukunisela - imigomo nokuhlala njalo
Ukunisela amagilebhisi kudinga kakhulu kuphela uma kunomsolo oqinile futhi emhlabathini ogcina umswakama ngokwawo ngokungafanele. Emhlabathini omuhle, ngokuvamile akudingekile ukuwahambisa kaningi, kuyokwanela ukuba ube namanzi amabili ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali futhi emva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi. Esikhathini esizayo, kufanele uqaphele njalo izinga lomswakama lomhlabathi nokuphuza uma kunesidingo.
Ukunambitheka nokugqoka izithelo zomvini - imithetho esemqoka
Ukunambitheka, njengomanyolo ngamanyolo wamaminerali, kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwesihlahla samavini.
Ngokukhethekile ukuxubha, ngaphezu kokusiza ukulondoloza inani elikhulu lomswakama emhlabathini, nakho kuyondla izimpande zamagilebhisi. Ngempela, njenge-mulch yamagilebhisi, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa i-humus enenkani, ehlanganiswe emhlabathini nomhlabathi ongamasentimitha amathathu.
I-potassium ne-phosphorus ifaneleka kakhulu njengama-fertilizer amaminerali amagilebhisi. Yilawa amaminerali anomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kwamagilebhisi. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulethe ngobuncane kakhulu emhlabathini ngenkathi kukhululeka. Kodwa-ke, akufanelekile ukuwahambisa ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwe-shtab ngokwayo, ngoba ngale ndlela ungonakaliswa, futhi awusakwazi ukuthola umquba.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nokwenziwa kwezithelo zamagilebhisi ekwindla.
Sihlala esihlahleni somvini ebusika
Ukumboza amagilebhisi kahle, isihlahla kufanele sinqunywe kahle, sinciphise ngezinye izikhathi futhi sibeke phansi. Emva kwalokho yena ihlanganiswe ngotshani nefilimu. Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zinyathelo zenziwa uma kuphela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-25ºС kungenzeka esifundeni sakho. Uma unewubusika obufudumele, ungazikhawulela ukufaka imifino enhlabathini.
Ukusika izivini "Monarch" - yini ebalulekile ukwazi?
Isihlahla salolu hlobo luvame ukubunjwa kusuka emikhanda emine. Ukunconywa kunconywa ngaye-ngakho-ke ama-4-6 kuphela aso kufanele asuswengenkathi eshiya ehlathini cishe ngo-40-ka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akufanele uzisole ngamagilebhisi ngenkathi ukusika, ngoba inani elikhulu lamahlumela liyoholela ekunciphiseni izinga lesitshalo. Amagilebhisi athwalwa kuphela ngezikhathi lapho ephumula. Ukuvuna amagilebhisi akuhambanga isikhathi sokubunjwa kwama-peas kuwo.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zamavinini "Monarch" ezifweni
Naphezu kokuthi i-"Monarch" yamagilebhisi ibhekwa njengenye yezinselele kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ingabetha amazolo efulawa. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala esihlahleni semagilebhisi kanye nesitshalo salesi sifo, qiniseka ukuthi uphefisa ukuvimbela. Njengomuthi wokupuniza uvame ukusetshenziswa njalo. 1% i-Bordeaux liquid. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ngokujwayelekile okufana nokuchelela okudingekayo.
