Iphakathi kweLada
Wonke umuntu ulindele ukuphuma entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ukuba ajabulele hhayi kuphela ukufudumala nezinsuku ezinhle, kodwa futhi nokudla ngezipho zemvelo. Yiqiniso, wonke umuntu ufuna ukunambitha ngokushesha uhlobo oluthandayo lwezithelo nabalimi bezobuchwepheshe, futhi abalimi be-amateur bavame ukuthola isivuno sokuqala.
Kwakungenhloso enjalo ukuthi i-Lada pear ezihlukahlukene zivele kungekudala. Abasebenzi be-Academy yezolimo eMoscow bahlakulela lezi zihlukahlukene ngokudlulisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze "Forest Beauty" no- "Olga." Isihlahla sizokhula ngokuphumelelayo ngisho nasezimo ze-cloudiness, futhi sizokuthokozisa umnikazi ngezithelo ezimnandi ezimnandi.
Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo varieties pear Lada
Izithelo Lada amapheya akhula ngobukhulu obuphakathi nekhanda elibushelelezi, elincanyana, ukuma kwawo kufana neqanda. Isisindo se-pear esiphezulu esilinganisweni esingu-100-110 amagremu.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngezinhlobo eziphelile zamapheya.
Ubuso be-fetus bubomvu obukhanyayo ngombala obomvu ovela ngezinye izikhathi. I-pear stem yifushane futhi ayinzima kakhulu; ayikho imigudu, njengenye kwezinye izinhlobo. Isitsha sezithelo sivulekile, kanti isoso sincane, sincane futhi sincane. I-tube ngaphansi kwekhabe isayizi olinganiselwe.
Ipeyari ine-axial cavity. Umgogodla unomumo ovalwe, ubonisiwe, uqukethe imbewu engaphansi kwezinhlanu. Inyama iyombala ophuzi okwesibhakabhaka, inomsoco ophakathi, ubukhulu obuphakathi, ukuhlunga kahle. Ukunambitha kumnandi, hhayi iphunga elimnandi. Izithelo zinokubukeka okukhangayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zihlwanyela masinyane futhi ziveza izithelo ekuqaleni kwehlobo ngisho nasezimo zokuhlala njalo. Ukuphila okuphezulu kwesibalo sezithelo ezivuthiwe yizinsuku ezingamashumi ayisithupha (0 ° C). Ikhono lokuthutha lezithelo aliphezulu kakhulu.
Izithelo zinezinhloso zomhlaba wonke, zingazitholela impova, kodwa kungcono ukuba nazo izinhlobo ze-pollinator: "Isikhala", "Severyanka", "Chizhovskaya", "Rogneda", "Otradnenskaya".
Iqala ukuthela izithelo ekuqaleni - ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine, emva kokudlula ukuqhuma emanzini. Fruiting ephakeme futhi ejwayelekile - ukukhiqiza kuze kube ngamakhilogremu amahlanu kungenzeka. Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwezifo kanye nezimo ezimbi zemvelo.
Umuthi ubukhulu obukhulu. Umqhele wezihlahla ezincane unesimo esenziwe ngomngcwabo, futhi emva kokuqala kwe-fruiting kuba yi-pyramidal. Ukusabalalisa amaqabunga kuyamaphakathi. Umuthi unamagatsha amakhulu ama-squelette, i-sessile fiber final.
Ukudubula "Lada" unemibala enombala obomvu, ohlangothini oluncane olugobile, ohlangene, olude futhi ube nobukhulu obuphakathi. Ama-internodes amafushane awashiywa, abe namalenti ambalwa amancane eduze naphezulu. Amahlumela anqatshelwe kancane futhi anombala omnyama obomvu kanye nesimo se-cone.
Amaqabunga alolu hlobo lwepeyari angamasayizi aphakathi nobukhulu obukhulu, ama-oval asesimweni futhi anamathele ngesisindo sobukhulu obuphakathi. Leli qabunga lincane kakhulu phakathi kwe-vein central, kunalokho elashelele futhi ebushelelezi. Ayikho i-pubescence. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga anezinyosi ezincane.
Izimbali eziphakathi kwamaparele izinhlobo "Lada" azidluli usayizi wesilinganiso, zinomumo wesitsha. I-corolla ihlanzekile futhi emaphethelweni wezintambo ziqinile futhi zivaliwe. Izimbali zikhula ngendlela yama-inflorescences ezinhlamvu eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.
Izinhlobo zePear "Lada" cishe azikho amaphutha, ngenkathi zinezinzuzo eziningi. Njengoba sesishilo kakade, lesi sihlahla sinikeza izithelo zakuqala, singamelana nezifo eziningi, sibekezela kahle isithwathwa, futhi iphesenti lemivuno liphakeme kakhulu.
Izici zokulima okuphakathi kwe-pear
Khipha ngaphandle Izithombo eziphakathi kwe-pear zingenziwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kodwa kungcono ukwenza okufanayo ekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuhamba kwejusi kuncipha futhi amahlamvu awela.
Indawo ekhethiwe kumele kuqala ihlwezwe futhi ifakwe umquba (6-8 kg ngalinye imitha yendawo), i-potash usawoti (20-30 amagremu), i-superphosphate (ama-40-60 amagremu).
Okungaphezulu kakhulu kuhle ukufika yizimbewu ezivele ziphendukile eminyakeni eyodwa noma emibili. Lapho uthenga umuthi, kufanele kubhekelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ekubukeni kwezimpande, amagatsha nesiqu.
Ukulinganisa Kwengqimba ngoba amapheya, kufanele ahambe ngokweqile ubukhulu be-rhizome ye-seedling: ngokuvamile bafaka imbobo engu-70 cm ububanzi, ububanzi buka-100 cm ububanzi bomhlaba kufanele bukhululeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushintshanisa umoya. Ukuqinisekisa ukubunjwa okulungile kwesihlahla, ekude ngamamentimitha angama-30 ukusuka esihlahleni, isigxobo siqhutshwa cishe ngo-60 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi.
Uma ufaka isithombo, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela ukuthi intamo impande (ukuyibeka, njengombuso, akunzima: ukukala okungu-3-5 cm kusuka emahlathini okugcina okumpande, ungayithola kalula) ubheka phansi emanzini ama-5-6 cm, futhi izimpande kufanele ziqondiswe ngokucophelela futhi ihlanganiswe nenhlabathi, lapho ikhula khona.
I-pear kumele ihlolwe ngokungabikho kweziphambeko, futhi i-trunk kumele ikwazi ukuqina nokuqina. Uma ukhetha isikhathi sokutshala, kungcono ukunikeza ukuphela ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ukunikeza isikhathi ohlelweni lokucubungula ukuze lube nezimpande ngobuhlungu ezimweni zesimo sezulu esihle ngo-Okthoba.
Njengoba uqedile ngokugcwalisa zonke izimpande, kubalulekile ukugcoba umhlabathi ngokujulile futhi uthele kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthululela umquba noma i-humus eduze kwesiqu. Emva kwayo yonke into, umuthi uhambelana ngokucophelela emgodini oshiwo ngenhla. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lwepeyari luthanda inhlabathi ye-loamy ngokungezwa kwesihlabathi somfula obomvu kanye ne-peat.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhasi
Nisela umuthi kuphela okudingekayo phakathi nesomiso eside. Ngo-Meyi, kufanele ukhumbule ngesidingo sokwenza ukudla, ngoba lokhu kufanelekile: urea, saltpeter. Isixazululo se-Copper sulfate ne-boric acid sinomphumela omuhle. Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngokufaka isandla ngokulinganayo kude no-25 cm kusuka esihlahleni.
Ngakho-ke ukuthi lesi sihlahla asihlupheki ngenxa yokuntuleka kwelanga, kubalulekile ukuba njalo ukuziphatha ukusika izihlahla amanye amagatsha. Futhi le nqubo ivuselela ukuvela kwamaphuzu amasha.
Ukusoka kusetshenziswe kabili ngonyaka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ngokusobala amahlumela angenakuqhathaniswa atholakala ekusikeni, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emahlathini afanayo.
Amagatsha amakhulu kakhulu afushane, futhi phansi kungcono ukungathinti. Ukuxoshwa kwamagatsha amancane kuyomphumela omuhle. Ukuze unciphise umuthi kancane, i-pruner kumele ibukhali ngokwanele, futhi ukunyakaza kufanele kube okusheshayo nokucacile. Izindawo eziye zenziwa izihlahla kumele zihlanjululwe nge "pitch garden".
Ngenhloso ye ukuvikelwa ezinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene, i-pear kumele ifakwe. Kulo mcimbi kungcono ukhethe ukuphela kuka-Ephreli. Isikhathi sokuqala sihlanzwa ngesikhathi sokuvela nokuqhakaza kwe-efihlekile, kanti okwesibili - ngokubukeka kokuqala kokubaluleka kwalolu hlobo.
Ekwindla, kuphakanyiswa ukugcoba iziqu ukuvikela izifo zezindawo ezisengozini kakhulu zesitshalo. Endleleni, udinga ukugcoba izindawo ezonakalisiwe futhi ezingenalutho nge-iron oxide.
NgoNovemba yisikhathi esihle sokufaka umanyolo. Kule njongo, uphelele: superphosphate, umquba, potassium, dolomite, umlotha, i-chloride ye-sodium. Izitshalo zingenziwa ngaphansi kwekhasi, eduze nomjikelezo womqhele wayo.
Inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo esincane kumele ifakwe izinto ezihlukahlukene eziwusizo, amaminerali, kanye namapheya amakhulu abantu abahlala enhlabathini ekhonjiwe kufanelekile.
