Ukutshala i-peach entwasahlobo

Ukutshala i-peach emisebenzini yasentwasahlobo - ejabulisa futhi ewusizo

Umuthi we-peach uyisitshalo eseningizimu esicindezelayo futhi sizwela izici eziningi uma itshalwe, inqubo yokukhula nokuyikhathalela. Izithelo ze-Peach ziwusizo kakhulu futhi zihlwabusayo, zinezinto eziningi eziwusizo namavithamini.

Ngenxa yokuphulukiswa kwayo, ngokuvamile kuvame ukungena ekudleni kwezidlo ezihlukahlukene zezifo eziningi. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zamapayipi zinama-acids amaningi, amafutha abalulekile, ama-mineral, i-ascorbic acid, i-pectic, kanye ne-carotene nezinye izinto eziningi eziwusizo.

Kodwa ukuze ukhule umuthi wezithelo, kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni ethile yokunakekelwa kwayo kusukela ekuqaleni kwenzuzo. Ngokufanayo, kuhilela ukulungiselela ukutshala kanye ne-peach ukutshala ngokwayo.

Ilungiselela ukufika

Ukubeka isithelo sesithelo se-peach kuyadingeka ukwazi imithetho embalwa ebalulekile yokutshala kwayo. Lezi zimfihlo zizobe zithonya ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwesitshalo:

  • Okokuqala, lapho uthola umuthi, kufanele nakanjani uqaphele izimpande zawo namagatsha omzimba. Ukulungiselela isithombo sokuhamba, i-rhizome yesitshalo isongwe ngendwangu emanzi, futhi isiko ngokwaso sifakwa esikhwameni, singaba i-polyethylene. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma ukuthutha isiteji azikho izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni, futhi impande yawo ayidluli futhi ayomile. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lesi sitshalo saminyaka yonke sithatha izimpande ngendlela engcono kakhulu.
  • okwesibili, into ebalulekile yindawo lapho i-peach izohlala khona. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi lokhu kuyisiko esithandayo, okusheshayo ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni - ukuvunwa kwezithelo ezihlwabusayo kungadliwa kakade ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala.
  • okwesithathu, i-peach ithanda indawo enelanga, ekhanyayo, lapho kungekho khona ukungena kwemimoya. Ingxenyeni yaseningizimu, eningizimu-entshonalanga nasentshonalanga yendawo, lapho kukhona umbuso omuhle kakhulu womoya, futhi ikakhulukazi uma umthambeko, uphelele. Uma kukhona ucingo noma udonga esakhiweni segadi, ukubeka umuthi we-peach obuncane ngaphansi kwawo kungaba yindlela enhle. Isakhiwo esivele sikhona esikhathini esizayo sibe yisivimbela esihle kakhulu emiphakathini yasenyakatho neyasempumalanga, futhi umuthi uzothola ukushisa okwedlulele emkhathini oshisayo.
  • Okwesine, i-peach ayikubekezeli neze umthunzi, ngakho-ke uvame ukutshala kude nezihlahla zakudala. Endaweni evulekile, amahlumela amancane ezitshalo asinaso isikhathi sokuthola imfucumfucu ngekwindla, futhi ama-flower shoots awagcini kuso. Lokhu kunciphisa isivuno futhi kuthinta kabi izinga lezithelo. Futhi konke okuyinkimbinkimbi kungabhubhisa ngisho nesihlahla.
  • Okwesishiyagalolunye, lapho uhlwanyela i-peach, kufanelekile nokugwema ukulala phansi, amanzi namanzi anamanzi. Futhi lezozindawo lapho umoya ongakwazi ukufudumala khona isikhathi eside.

Yiziphi izidingo zomhlabathi

Qinisekisa, ngaphambi kokutshala i-peach, kumele thola ukwakheka komhlaba phezu kwesakhiwolapho kuzokhula khona, kuncike ekutheni umuthi omncane uzothatha kanjani izimpande endaweni entsha nokuthi ngabe uzohlala lapho.

Ngakho:

  • umuthi we-peach awufanelekile umhlaba wokukhanya onesihlabathi onomhlabathi omkhulu wamanzi;
  • ngeke likhule emhlabathini onamanzi futhi onzima kakhulu;
  • uma sithatha, ngokujwayelekile, izici kanye nezintandokazi ze-peach, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inhlabathi evundile kahle evunyelwe kahle. Ingahle ihlelwe yinoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlaba, uma kusetshenzwa imithombo emihle emhlabathini; ngoba lokhu, amatshe, amagwaja, izitini zezitini kanye nezinye izinto ezifanele zihanjiswa phansi emgodini wokutshala;
  • ukhetha isayithi for peach, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi isitshalo eseningizimu ekhula kahle enhlabathini ephakathi loamy nge umswakama omuhle kanye exchange of air;
  • esinye isitshalo sithanda inhlabathi emnyama, ecebile kuma humus.

Okokuqala, inhlabathi lapho umuthi omncane uzotshalwa khona kumele uguqulwe. Lokhu kwenziwa ukugcwalisa umhlaba nge-oxygen, ukuhlanza ukhula oluhlukahlukene kanye nezimpande zawo.

Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezwe kwakunqunywa ukuthi inhlabathi ayimpofu ezakhiweni zokulandelela, indawo yomuthi kufanele ilungiswe ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufika okuhleliwe.

Ngakho-ke, ekwindla emgodini wokutshala:

  • umquba kanye nezidakamizwa, nezamaminerali;
  • umquba, i-superphosphate, i-potassium chloride nezinkuni zokhuni zifakwa emhlabathini ukumba;
  • wonke umquba uhlanganiswe ngokuphelele nomhlaba, bese kuthi izihlahla zondliwa ngale nhlanganisela.
Leli "phuloji" eliwusizo lifakwa engxenyeni yomhlabathi njalo entwasahlobo. Uma inhlabathi yensimu inhle ngokwanele, ukulungisa umhlaba wokutshala kuyokwanela ukwengeza umlotha namaminerali omquba kuwo.

Ingabe umanyolo udinga?

Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi nakho kuthinta inani lamakhamronutrients adingekayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni okujwayelekile kwesihlahla, okukhulunywa ngesikhathi sokutshala futhi njalo kuhlanganiswe ngenqubo yokunakekela umuthi. Isibonelo inhlabathi ekhanyayo ye-sod-podzolic enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwezakhi eziphilayo, for fruiting evamile nokukhula izitshalo engadini, idinga umsoco wamaminerali nonyaka.

Inhlabathi ehlanjululwayo yondliwa nge nitrogen, potash, phosphorus, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile umquba eziphilayo. Phakathi nomanyolo, kusadingeka ukucabangela ukuvama kokunisela insimu. Ukuphuza njalo kunomthelela ekufundiseni ingxenye enkulu yomanyolo. Ngakho-ke, ingadi ephuziswa njalo kufanele ifakwe ngesamba esikhulu semanyolo.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila komuthi omncane - lokhu sekuyiminyaka engu-2-3 emva kokutshala, umquba we-nitrogen uthelelwa endaweni eseduze. Le ammonium nitrate, kanye ne-urea. Futhi futhi, nge-periodical efanayo, yenza umquba ophilayo. Ngenkathi yokukhulisa umuthi, izinga lomanyolo likhula kancane kancane ngo-15-20 g njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3.

Noma kunjalo, noma yiliphi izithelo zokutshala lihlwanyiswa nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-saltpeter eluhlaza. Ukwenza lokhu emthini we-peach izitshalo ezifana nesithombo, i-colza, i-lupine ne-canola. Lezi zitshalo zisebenza njenge-siderat futhi zingashintsha i-humus.

Okuthile mayelana nomgodi wokufika

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo iningi lezihlahla zitshalwe. Zama ukwenza lokhu ngaphambi kokuphuza i-bud. Umuthi we-Peach, abalimi abaningi bancoma ukuthi batshale ngalesi sikhathi. Ukuze uphinde ulungise izimbiza ezikhethekile. Kuyadingeka ukumba izimbobo ngokwendlela yokuhlelwa ngaphambilini, kusukela ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu sokuqala. Kulesi simo, imigqa kufanele ifakwe endaweni ephathekayo eya eningizimu ukusuka eningizimu kuya enyakatho.

Futhi uma icebo lokufika emthambekeni, ke imigqa ifakwa ngaphesheya komthambeko. Ubukhulu bomgodi wokufika kufanele buhambisane nobukhulu obujwayelekile. Kodwa, kuyadingeka ukuyigubha ukuze imithwalo yonke yomuthi encane ihleleke kahle emgodini. Umgodi ojwayelekile we-peach kubhekwa njengomgodi wesayizi, lapho ukujula kungama-50-60 cm, futhi ububanzi bungama-40-50 cm.

Indlela yokukhetha isampula

Uma uthenga izithombo zanoma yisiphi isitshalo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa njalo umthetho obaluleke kakhulu - ukuthenga izitshalo zensimu, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izitshalo, kubalulekile kuphela ezitolo ezikhethekile noma kumaphuzu akhethekile.

Okokuqala, thola uhlobo lwe-peach, oluzohambisana nezimo zezulu zesayithi lokuhlelwa okuhleliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uthenga isitshalo, qiniseka ukuthi uhlole nomdayisi lapho ukuthungatha khona kususwa khona nokuthi kungabe kungakujwayela yini endaweni yakho.

Ngesikhathi sokuthenga okubalulekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela indawo lapho isitokisi sakhula khona kanye ne-graft. Kumele ubukeke bushelelezi, ngaphandle kwejusi nokuhlunga.

Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlola amagxolo e-rhizome ne-seedling. Esikhathini sembewu enempilo endaweni lapho amagxolo abonakalisiwe, uhlaka oluhlaza oluhlala luhlala, hhayi uhlaka olubomvu. Uma usika izimpande ngamasheya abukhali, phakathi kokusika kufanele kube nombala omhlophe, lokhu kusho ukuthi imbewu iyaphila.

Ukulungiselela isithombo sokutshala

Ngesikhathi sokutshala intwasahlobo yomuthi we-peach, kudingeka uqaphele futhi uqaphele. Ngokuvamile, izihlahla ezincane zithengwa kusengaphambili ekwindla, futhi zenezelwa kuzo ukufakelwa kabusha kuze kufike entwasahlobo.

Njengomthetho, umswakama kanye nokushisa kwesenzo se-prikopanny, kubangele ukuvuvukala kwamafihlethi emagatsheni nasemthini. Amaqabunga anjalo anesibindi futhi awonakele kalula, okulimaza kakhulu umuthi omncane. Ngokufakelwa okungalungile, kunezinhlupho eziningi zokuqubuka ezincane ezinjalo, kamuva, ezingathinta ukukhula okufanele kwe-peach encane.

Ukulungiselela isithombo sokutshala, basika zonke izingxenye ezomile zempande kuso. Futhi uma impande isomile, kufakwa ngaphezu kwamanzi amahora angu-24. Khona-ke umuthi utshalwe emgodini olungiselelwe phansi lapho isigundane sithelwa khona ungqimba lomhlabathi ohlanganiswe nama-fertilizer. Umuthi utshalwe kule-hillock, izimpande zawo zihlanganisiwe futhi zimbozwe ngendlela efanele ngomhlaba.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo yokugoma ishiywe ngo-4-5 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi, kanti isisu sesithombo siphendukela enyakatho. Emva kwalokho, inhlabathi iyanyathelwa phansi (ukwenza lokhu ngendlela eqondana nesiqu somuthi), futhi umuthi ngokwawo uphuziswa kahle ngamabhakede amabili amanzi. Uhlaka lomhlaba phezu komquba 8-10 cm umquba.

Watshala izithombo ezinhle zonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-3-4 amagatsha aqinile asele esitshalweni esivela phansi, ehlulwa, eshiya ama-3-4 efihlekile. Igatsha eliphezulu, eliyi-trunk, lifinyelelwe futhi.

Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngezinhlobo ezidumile ze-peach.

Siyaqhubeka nokutshala isiflethi.

Ukutshala Isihlahla Se-Peach Kunconywa ukukhiqiza esimweni sokuthula kwakhe. Le nkathi isentwasahlobo.

Yiqiniso, lesi sitshalo singahlwanyelwa ekwindla, ikakhulukazi uma sibhekene nezindawo eziseningizimu nezimo ezinzima zezulu, kepha ukutshala okunjalo kushiya ingozi yokuthi lesi sihlahla esinothando sokushisa ngeke sikwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa okuphansi futhi sisafa ebusika, esingasithandi.

Ngingahluma nini?

Umuthi wesithelo sePeach ngendlela engcono kakhulu usinda ngemuva kokutshala kwentwasahlobo. Isizathu salokhu ngumsuka oseningizimu walesi siko. Ukutshala izihlahla ezinjalo ekwindla, cishe asibaniki ithuba lokulungiselela amazinga okushisa aphansi. Futhi isihlahla esingalungiselelwe cishe sikhululeke lapho kuvela amaqhwa amaqanda.

Ngakho-ke, izithombo ze-peach zitshalwe entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza okuqala, endaweni ethile ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi. Le nkathi ibhekwa njengesihle futhi ngoba kunomsolo okwanele emhlabathini okudingekayo ekukhuleni komuthi omncane.

Mayelana nokujula kokufika

Ukutshala noma imuphi umuthi kufanele ucabangele ukujula kokutshala isithombo. I-peach umgodi owubumba cishe ngo-40-50 cm ojulile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo lapho umuthi uhlanganiswa khona kufanele uhambe u-5-10 cm emhlabathini.

Uma lesi sihlahla sijulile kakhulu enhlabathini, sizofaka isandla ku-necrosis engxenyeni engezansi yamagxolo esiqu, okuthinta kakhulu umuthi ngokwawo kanye nentuthuko yayo efanele. Uma kungenakwanela ukutshala ukujula, impande yomuthi izoba ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu, okuyophinde kube nomthelela ekukhuleni kwayo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu ukujula kuyindlela engcono yokutshala.

Ingabe umanyolo udinga?

Ukondla izitshalo zezitshalo, kufaka phakathi i-peach, kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sokunakekelwa, ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi umuthi uqala ukukhula futhi uzuze amandla okuzimbali bese ulandela izithelo.

I-Peach ngokwanele ukuzithoba ekudleni, kodwa iminye imithi yomanyolo yalesi sitshalo ikhona. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokufika kwakhe.

Ngokuqondile ungasikhuthazi ukutshala inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala. Kungashisa izimpande ezincane zomuthi omncane. Wonke ama-fertilizer, kokubili amaminerali nama-organic, ayengezwa emgodini wokutshala kusukela ekwindla.

Ukunakekelwa komuthi okufanele

Njengoba usitshale umuthi we-peach, ngenkathi ubambelela kuyo yonke imithetho ebhaliwe, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi manje isitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa njalo, ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa njalo. Futhi ukukhula kwayo okulungile, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokujwayela kwe-fruiting kuzothonywa indlela ephuziswa ngayo, evikelwe futhi eyondliwe.

Okokuqala mayelana nokuphuza

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhathi sokutshala, ukuxubha kanye nokuchelela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusindeni kwezihlahla ezincane ze-peach nokuthuthukiswa kwazo okuqhubekayo. I-Mulch ivimbela ukubukeka kwe-crust futhi uphahla emhlabathini eduze kwesihlahla, futhi kuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwezibungu, okufaka isandla ekwenzeni i-aeration yenhlabathi endaweni ye-stalk yesitshalo.

I-peach tree imelana nesimo sezulu esomile, kodwa namanje ukungabi nesikhuni esanele sokwenza umswakama kuthinta ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo, isivuno saso kanye nekhwalithi yesithelo. Emoyeni esomile, umuthi uphuziswa kusukela ngoJuni futhi uphele ngo-Agasti kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Ngesikhathi sokunisela, ama-1-2 amabhakede amanzi adluliselwa endaweni ye-stalk.

Ukuqhubeka nokugqoka okuphezulu

Ngemva kokutshala ipaki, inhlabathi eduze kombuthano wayo ihlanganiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukomisa nokuqhekeka komhlaba, okuyinto ephazamisa kakhulu impande yomuthi, futhi ingathinta ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Ngenhloso efanayo, emva kokutshala, eduze kwesiqu, ungenza isilayidi esincane emhlabathini ngokuphakama ngamaphesenti angama-30. Lokhu kuzosiza futhi ukugcina umswakama nokuvimbela ukuqhutshwa komhlabathi kanye nesimiso somuthi wesihlahla.

Njalo ngonyaka amaminerali ayengezwa endaweni yomuthi wesihlahla.

Entwasahlobo, lezi zihlahla zomquba (nitrogen nitrate) noma urea.

Ekubeni - phosphate nama-fertilizer umquba.

Kuyasiza kakhulu ukwenza umanyolo kanye nama-humus kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Ngokuvamile, abalimi abanolwazi balisebenzisa lokho okuthiwa "okuluhlaza". Ngalesi sitimela sendawo hlwayela izitshalo ezikhethekile ezikhethekilelapho, emva kwalokho, kutholakala umquba ohlaza okomhlaza.

Yiya ekuvikelekeni kwesihlahla

I-Peach isitshalo esincane kakhulu, esibhekene nezifo eziningi eziqondile, futhi yiziphi izinambuzane ezizithandayo kakhulu. Izitha eziyinhloko zomuthi we-peach ziyi-monilioz (izithelo ezimpunga ukubola), isikhutha se-powdery, kanye ne-curl esiphundu. Zonke izifo ezintathu ziyi-fungal, ezingavinjelwa, futhi ungavumeli umuthi ugula.

Izimbali ze-Moniliosis ezikhunjulwa emagatsheni abathintekayo nezithelo ezomile. Ngakho-ke, indlela ephumelelayo yokulwa nalesi sifo izitshalo ezintathu zokusika. Indlela efanayo iyasetshenziswa lapho isebenzelana nomkhuhlane we-powdery.

Izihlahla zokuqala zenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahloboOwesibini - ngesonto ngemuva kokusakazela, futhi okugcina - ekwindla. Hlanganisa amagatsha, uqoqwe izithelo ezibolile namaqabunga owomile, onegciwane elinesifo esibi, eshisa ngempela.

Ukuvinjelwa okunqunyiwe nakho kuyisifo se-fungal, indlela eyinhloko yokulawula okufanele ifafaze umuthi nge-Bordeaux ingxube noma uHorus. Le nqubo yenziwa kathathu ngonyaka: ngaphambi kokuthi amahlamvu okuqala avele, ekwindla nangemva kokuwa kwamahlamvu.

I-peach idinga ukuvikelwa futhi ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umuthi ugcwele umgqomo noma ezinye izinto eziseduze. Kukhona indlela engabizi kakhulu yokuzivikela ngokumelene nesithwathwa - yisigungqimba esiphakeme sama-50-60 cm, esakhiwa ekwindla kusukela emhlabathini ozungeza isiqu somuthi, futhi idilizwa entwasahlobo.

Ngakho-ke, ukwazi zonke izici kanye nezimfihlo zokutshala i-peach, ukutshala lesi sihlahla esiwusizo nokuzinakekela akulula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuthi omuhle, ohlosiwe kahle uzokhula engadini, futhi etafuleni kuyohlale kutholakala isithelo samaphisi amnandi, esiphundu.