Izinhlobo ze-cherry esifundeni saseMoscow

Izinhlobo ze-cherry esifundeni saseMoscow

Emaphupheni akho, mhlawumbe okungaphezu kwesisodwa wangena endaweni yezithelo zokunethezeka, okungasetjenziswa ekhayeni lakho. Futhi uma izwe lingekho kahle engadini, ungathanda kanjani?

Noma iyiphi infield ngeke iphelele ngaphandle kwe-cherry. Lobuhle buzokuthokozisa ngezimbali zawo entwasahlobo, kanti ehlobo kuzokumangaza ngezithelo zamanzi.

Abaningi bazosho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukukhula i-cherry enhle ekhiqiza esifundeni saseMoscow. Kulesi sihloko, sibonisa - akunjalo. Imfihlo eyinhloko ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zama cherry zokutshala. Nokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela izimo zezulu kanye nezinhlekelele zezulu.

Izimo zezulu ezisesifundazweni saseMoscow

Lapho ukhetha i-cherry, sincoma ukukhokha ngokukhethekile ukumelana kwasebusika nokuqhwa kwamaqhwa okuhlukahluka okuthile. Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi lezi yizinto ezimbili ezifanayo, kodwa ezingafani.

Ngaphansi kokuqina kobusika kubhekisela emandleni okuthi umuthi noma isitshalo ukulwa nezimo ezingokwemvelo ezimbi: frost, icing, njalonjalo.

Kodwa esifundeni sethu, ukuphikiswa kwamaqabunga esihlahla kuyadingeka, okungukuthi, ikhono lemvelo lesitshalo ukulwa namazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, ngoba ebusika singadonsa ku -35 nangaphansi.

Enye iphuzu elibalulekile kungenzeka ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene. ukumelana nezifo nezifo: kokuqala coccomycosis kanye moniliasis. Lezi yizifo ezivame kakhulu ze-cherries esifundeni saseMoscow.

Akunakwenzeka ukulwa nezifo ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane; ngakho-ke, kungcono ngokushesha ukhethe izinhlobo ze-cherry ezingavumelani nezifo ezinjalo ze-fungal. Ngamafuphi mayelana nalezi zifo ezithathelwanayo.

Coccomycosis noMoniliasis. Uma umuthi utheleleke nge-fungus ye coccomycosis, amaqabunga ayo asheshe aphendule abe yi-black speck futhi awe ngokushesha. Nge-moniliose, akuwona amaqabunga ahlupheka, kodwa amajikijolo. Zifakwe umbukiso omhlophe, njengokuqhakaza, bese uqala ukubola - izithelo ezinjalo azikwazi ukudliwa.

Manje ake sikhulume ngezinhlobonhlobo zama cherry, okungahle zilungiswe ukuze ziphile futhi zikhule esifundeni saseMoscow.

Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Cherry "Apukhtinskaya"

Isihlahla yalolu hlobo phansi, i-2.5-3m kuphela ubude, ikhula njenge-shrub, enezinhlamvu ezimbalwa ezingaphansi kwama-squelette. Izithelo zibomvu embala, zikhulu kakhulu futhi zifana nenhliziyo. Iyakuthandeka okumnandi futhi imuncu, kodwa ishiya ngemuva kokubabala okubabayo.

Kuyinto ehlukahlukene ephuzile, izimbali zayo ziqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo, futhi izithelo zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Umuthi ubusika kakhulu futhi awukwenzanga neze i-coccomycosis. Kamuva ukukhazimula uhlobo lomshwalense olwa ngamahlumela asehlobo, izithelo eziphakeme.

Ukuvuna kuqala ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala futhi ezihlukahlukene ze-samoploden. Izithelo ze-cherry ziqukethe izakhi eziningi ezilandelanayo ezikhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwegazi nokugcina izinga lensimbi ne-hemoglobin.

Kodwa, futhi, kunezimo ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi. Kamuva ukucubungula kokubili kuyinkinga futhi kunenzuzo, ngoba izinhlobo ezinjalo azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuvota impova. Ukuvuthwa okudala kungabangela ukuwa kwamajikijolo, uma ekwindla iza kakhulu kakhulu.

Siphinde sigcizelele okucacile kokutshala ama cherry. Njengoba i-cherry iyitshalo lesitshalo, lithanda ukushisa nelanga, ngakho-ke indawo kufanele ikhethwe emithambekeni eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga yale ndawo futhi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele abe eduze kuka-2.5m emhlabeni. Izithombo zingcono ukukhetha iminyaka emibili, ngesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile, nokufika okwenziwe ngoSeptemba.

Kubuye kubalulekile ukuphawula okuphawulekayo kokunakekelwa kwe-cherry enjalo. Lokhu kungenye ye-cherries engenakuzithoba, cishe kungabikho izinkinga. Izitshalo kufanele zenziwe lapho zihlwanyela: eziphilayo (umquba, umquba) kanye ne-mineral (superphosphates kanye ne-potash). Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ucece umhlaba njalo eminyakeni emithathu.

Kubalulekile ukuphuza i-cherries ngokushesha emva kokutshala, bese-ke inemvula eyanele yemvelo. Kuphela lapho kusetshenziselwa ukuchelela ngokwengeziwe kwesomiso. Ukutshala kufanele kuqale ngokushesha emva kokutshala, kushiya amagatsha angu-4-5 kuphela ukuba akhe umqhele, ekude okungenani ama-40 cm kusukela emngceleni wezimpande, izihlahla ezilandelwayo zenziwa njalo ekwindla ukuze umqhele ungapheli kakhulu futhi kukhona isivuno esihle.

Mayelana nezihlukahlukene "eLyubskaya"

Enye yezinhlobo ezindala kunazo zonke ze-cherry, ezakhula endaweni ephakathi yaseRussia, ukutadisha kwayo okusebenzayo kwaqala eminyakeni yama-40 ekhulwini lama-20.

Umuthi omdala ukuphakama ufinyelela kumamitha angu-2.5-3, okuyinto ayidingi imishini eyengeziwe yokuvuna.

Umqhele we-cherries usakazeka, kodwa awuwunzima, futhi lokhu kuzodinga umzamo ongaphansi uma usika. I-bark inomthunzi obomvu obomvu nombuso ophahliwe, futhi amagatsha womumo ogobile avame ukusuka emagqumeni e-angle engaba ngu-45 degrees. Ngombala, amajikijolo abomvu obomvu, futhi ukukhanya kombala kuxhomeke kunani lokuswakama nokushisa.

Inyama iyamnandi futhi iyomuncu, kodwa i-aftertaste ihlala emuncu, abaningi abangayithandi, ngakho-ke bayakhetha ukunikeza izithelo zokucubungula: iwayini, i-compotes noma i-jam.

Izinzuzo ezinkulu kunalezi zihlukahlukene: isivuno esikhulu, izihlahla ziqala ukuthela izithelo kakade ezineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala, kanti nangeminyaka yobudala eyi-8-9 zifaka amandla okugcwele. Izithelo zihanjiswa kahle futhi azilahlekelwa ukubukeka.

Into eyodwa - lokhu samoplodnaya cherry, okusho ukuthi kungatshala ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zomakhelwane. Izitshalo eziphakeme kanye nezimbali eziphelile ziheha futhi abalimi besifunda saseMoscow kuya ebuhleni "beLyubskaya".

Nokho, akwenzi ngaphandle kwamaminithi we-cherries angabonakali. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwesibhakabhaka, umuthi uqala ukushisa phakathi kwamaqhwa aqinile okumelwe avinjelwe. Futhi kunciphisa ikhono le-cherry ukulwa nezifo ezifungayo.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iLubskaya cherry ayiyona insimu yasinda, ngoba ngokwesilinganiso iphila futhi iveza izithelo kuze kube neminyaka engu-18 ubudala futhi kuphela ngokunakekelwa kahle kuyokwazi ukunweba impilo eminyakeni engama-20-25.

Khokha ngokukhethekile ezitshalweni zokutshala nokunakekelwa. Uma utshalwa, khumbula ukuthi le cherry idinga kakhulu emhlabathini - qinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi engadini yakho ayinayo acidic, kungenjalo kuzodingeka uyishaye.

Engeza eziningi zemanyolo ephilayo, kodwa ungangezi umanyolo omningi wamakhemikhali - ayithandi lokho.

Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganayo - amanzi akufanele agxile eduze nezimpande. I-Cherry ayidingi ukusika izihlahla, kodwa-ke, enikezwa ukuqina kabuhlungu kakhulu ebusika, izimpande zayo kufanele zimbozwe ebusika.

Manje mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo "Intsha"

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zadalwa ngo-1996 ngokuwela ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili: uLyubskaya noVladimirskaya.

Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko zangaphandle zezinhlobonhlobo yizinto ezilandelayo: i-cherry ingaba nomuthi kanye nesimo samahlathi; ezihlukahlukene zide kakhulu, ukuphakama komuthi omdala akungekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2.5, kanti isikhathi sokuvuthwa esiphakathi (izithelo zivuthwa ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi).

Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka anesisekelo se-skeletal. Izithelo zombala obomvu omnyama nge-pulp enomsoco, omnandi-omuncu kunambitha. Okumangalisa ukuthi le cherry ingcono kakhulu ukudla okusha - kuzoba nezinzuzo eziningi.

Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kungaphawulwa isivuno esikhulu (ngonyaka), ukumelana namaqhwa ebusika, izinga eliphezulu lokumelana nezifo ze-fungal, ukuhluleka ukukhathalela.

Kodwa ubuthakathaka balo bubonakaliswa ngokwanele ukumelana nobusika-izimbali kanye nokuphikisana okuphakathi kwezifo ze-fungal. Kufanelekile ukulalela ukunakekelwa kokugcina, njengesikhathi sehlobo elishisayo nelomnandi, kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zifo zikhula.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwazo zonke amaphuzu okuchazwe kubonisa ukuthi kukhona ama-nuances lapho utshala futhi unakekela isitshalo. Uma unquma ukutshala izinhlobo ze-cherry ze-Molodyozhnaya, khetha indawo enelanga enqabeni ukuze umoya obandayo ungadli izimpande. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi enhlabathini enesihlabathi enamanzi amnandi kanye ne-air aeration kufanelekile. Izwe kufanele lingathathi hlangothi (alikho acidikhi).

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuze uvimbele ama-frostbite, kubalulekile ukufihla izihlahla ebusika, ikakhulukazi abasha, futhi akufanele uthathe ukuphuza ngokweqile. Ukudubula kwenziwa izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka, entwasahlobo nasekwindla: okokuqala, ukwakha umqhele, bese nje usula amagatsha agatsha.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherry "iTurgenevka"

Izinhlobonhlobo zenziwa ngokuzaliswa kwemvelo kusuka ezihlukahlukene Zhukovskaya futhi ethandwa kakhulu esifundeni Moscow.

Isitshalo esidala sifinyelela kumamitha amathathu, futhi ukuma komqhele kufana nephiramidi engaphenduliwe. Izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa engxenyeni yokuqala kaJulayi, okuvumela ukuba zivuthwe kahle futhi zingaphumeleki.

I-Bordeaux amajikijolo anomumo wenhliziyo, i-pulp iyamanzi futhi iyamnandi kumnandi. Uma ihlobo lishisa kakhulu futhi linomsoco okwanele, i-acidity cishe ayizwa.

Izinzuzo zezihlukahlukene ziyizi: isivuno esikhulu, ukumelana ne-coccomycosis, amajikijolo amakhulu abekezelela ukuthutha, nokubekezelelana ne-frost.

Izinkinga zibandakanya: ukubekezelelana okuncane emakhazeni amahlumela ngezimbali, okungathinta kakhulu inani lesitshalo. Umuthi unezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokuzimela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshala izinhlobo zokuvuna eduze, isibonelo, iLyubskaya noma i-Molodezhnaya.

Kumele kuqashelwe izici zokutshala nokunakekela ama cherry:

  • ungatshali isihlahla esihlahleni, njengoba kukhulisa isimo lapho izinga lokushisa liwehla, okungaholela ekuvuneni okuncane;
  • unake isikhalazo somuthi ubusika - kuzosiza ukugcina amagxolo ahlanzekile kusuka ezinambuzane nezifo;
  • ngesikhathi se-fruiting, ama-cherries adinga ukuchelela okweziwe, ngoba amajikijolo athatha amanzi amaningi nezakhi;
  • Okucacile kobunjwa bomqhele kudinga ukunakekelwa ekutsheni izihlahla ezincane, ngoba zingakha ikhava elimnyama futhi ngeke livumele amajikijolo aqale ukubopha.

Sibhale izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama cherry ezikhulile esifundeni saseMoscow, kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho evamile yokulima endaweni.

Imithetho eyisisekelo ye-cherries ekhulayo esifundeni saseMoscow

  1. Ukuze uthole ukutshala i-cherry ephumelelayo, khetha indawo lapho kuyoba khona ilanga eliningi, endaweni ephakeme, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba azoba ezingeni elingekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2.5, futhi inhlabathi ngeke ibe yinto engathathi hlangothi.
  2. Kubalulekile ukuphuza i-cherry okungenani ngezikhathi ezinjalo: ekwindla, lapho amaqabunga ewa khona, ngaphambi kokuzimbali futhi emva kokuchichima.
  3. Ukutshala inhlabathi kufanele kube ngezikhathi ezithile njalo eminyakeni emithathu - lokhu kusebenza kumanyolo eziphilayo, kanye nezidingo zamaminerali okufanele zigcwaliswe njalo ngonyaka.
  4. Qala ukusika izihlahla emva kokutshala, khona-ke ungayenza izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka ukwenza umqhele futhi ugweme ukuqina kwegatsha ngokweqile.
  5. Qinisekisa ukuthi, noma ngabe ukhethe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezinamakhaza nezinhlobo zasebusika, zimboze izihlahla ebusika uphinde uzicwilise amagxolo ebangeni elingama-50 cm emhlabathini. Lokhu kuzovimbela ama-frostbite, ukuvikela ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane.