Ukuze ugweme ukudumala nokudumazeka, ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla esingenasisekelo njengoba ipaki kufanele ibe yisibonelo-okulungile, ngaphandle kokungazinaki izinto ezincane.
Ngakho-ke, sicabangela ngokuningiliziwe umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu - ukusika izikhonkwane, okwenziwa entwasahlobo.
Ngentwasahlobo, i-peach ihlolwe ukwakha umqhele wemvelo eduze kwesihlahla, okungukuthi, ukuze ukhululeke ukunakekela isitshalo, ukuwufuthwa, nokuqoqa izithelo ezivuthiwe.
Ukudubula kuthinta usayizi we-peaches, zikhula izithelo ezinkulu kakhulu, zikhangayo futhi ziphunga.
Isikhathi nenhloso yokusika izihlahla
Isikhathi esihle sokunciphisa Kubhekwa njengesikhala phakathi kokuqala kokuvuvukala kwamafihlethi kanye nokuqala kwezimbali. Lesi sikhashana cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu futhi kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu singacatshangwa ukuthi ukubonakala kwamafihlethi e-pink nokuqhakaza, kufana nesonto elilodwa. Okwamanje izithelo zezithelo zihlukaniswa ngokucacile, futhi ingozi yokutheleleka nge-cytosporosis, ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezivulekile, emthini iba yinto encane.
Izinjongo eziyinhlokookuyinto egcwele ukusika izikhonkwane kuhlolwe:
• Ukwandisa isikhathi sokuvuna kanye nokwakheka kohlobo lokuhlobisa lwesitshalo.
• Ukugcina nokugcina izinkuni endaweni enempilo.
• Ukulawulwa kwesilinganiso phakathi komqhele wesihlahla kanye nezimpande zawo.
• Izihlahla zomuthi zikhuthaza ukukhula kwepereji kanye ne-fruiting
Ukusika izikhonkwane ngeminyaka ehlukene
Ukusika izihlahla, ngonyaka wokutshala
Leyo ntwasahlobo, lapho itshalwe, ngesikhathi kukhishwa umqhele ibe yisitsha, umuthi kufanele kufinyelele ekuphakameni kwama-60-70 amentimitha (Amasentimitha angama-20 aphezulu kunebude obuvamile).
Ukukhula, okutholakala phezulu, kufanele kube ne-angle enkulu yokukhishwa. Kuyadingeka ukhethe ukunyuka okubili okubekwe ngezansi phezulu, ngezidingo ezifanayo. Zinqunywe ku-10 cm, ezinhliziyweni zangaphandle. Ukuqala kokuqala phezu kwesiqu futhi eduze nesayithi lokunciphisa kwisiqu, zisuswe masinyane ngemva kokuphumula kwephunga. Amahlumela aqala ukukhula futhi athuthuke abe yingxenye yangaphakathi yomqhele asuswa ehlobo.
Unyaka wesibili ukusika izihlahla
Ukuze uphuze izihlahla ezikhulayo ngonyaka wesibili, yonke imizamo yenziwa ukwandisa noma ukugcina umthamo omuhle wegatsha lamagatsha. Ukukhula okusha okwakhiwa kabusha, kufushane kuya ku-60-70 cm. Ukuzuza kunamandla, kukhula phansi, futhi phezulu, udinga ukususa, nalabo abakhula kusukela ohlangothini - okuncane, okushiya ngesikhathi esisodwa njalo ngamasentimitha angu-15, bese ususa ubude ngamaphutha amabili. Esikhathini sasehlobo kuneluleka ukuqeda amahlumela amafutha, ezikhona phakathi komqhele, futhi zilawula ukuhlanganiswa kwamagatsha amakhulu epaki.
Unyaka wesithathu ukusika
Egatsheni lama-peach skeletal, phezulu, khetha Amagatsha amabili enamandla kakhulu wesibili, ahlukaniswe ngamasentimitha angu-60 endaweni lapho igatsha eliqala laqala ukuhlukaniswa khona. Futhi ngaphezu kwegatsha eliphezulu, ingxenye enkulu yomqhubi uyasuswa. Phezulu nangaphansi kwamagatsha omzimba susa amahlumela anamandla.
Uma ubude bokukhula konyaka bufinyelela ku-80 cm, khona-ke benziwa kancane, bahlanjululwe zibe amafihlethi amabili, ukuze benze isixhumanisi esilandelayo sesithelo. Amanye awo asetshenziswa emagatsheni omuthi angathembekile, futhi, nawo, anciphise amahlumela angu-8. Ukuze uphumelele kakhulu kwehlumela elingezansi, elikhula kuze kube yilapho libuthakathaka, ukuphunyuka phezulu oqoshiwe kuya ku-50 cm.
Emahlathini, awancishiswe ngonyaka odlule ngamaphutha amabili, ukukhula okukhulayo kuncishiselwa ukuhluma, kanti ukukhula okuphansi kunamahlumela amabili. Kuyinto isinyathelo sokuqala ekubunjweni kwesixhumanisi sesithelookuyinto esikhathini esizayo iyoba yingxenye eyinhloko ye-fruiting emthini omdala we-peach.
Unyaka wesine ukusika
Okwesine, kuthiwa unyaka odlule wokukhula kwamapayipi, lapho sekuyisikhathi sokuqedela ukwakhiwa komqhele we-vase-like near the skeleton of the tree. Ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zokuhlukaniswa kwe-skeletal yesibili, i-good order order ye-third-order kufanele ikhethwe, futhi ifinyelelwe ngu-1/3 yobude bokuqala. Futhi ukukhula okuhlanzekile nokunamandla kokukhula kwezindawo eziphezulu nezingezansi zomuthi we-branching namafutha, esezansi kwesiqu.
Ngezigaba zomyalelo wesibili ukwakhiwa kwezithelo ezihlangene kuphelile, futhi ngezigaba zendlela yesithathu, ukukhula kuyancipha, ezinye zikhawulwe ngokushesha nje ngama-buds amabili, ezinye zishiywa isikhathi eside ngamaqembu angu-7-8 efihlekile. Zisetshenziswa njengamasimu angeke ahlala njalo.
On izixhumanisi izithelo of the oda lokuqala lezo zingxenye ezingasabe zithela izithelo zisuswe ku-peach. Futhi, amagatsha okukhula okuphansi, awanqunywe entwasahlobo ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala, ahlukaniswa ama-buds amabili, angaphansi, futhi ekukhuleni okuphezulu, amaqembu angu-7-8 amafihlekile asusiwe ukuze aqale ukwakheka kwe-fruiting ezayo.
Uhlelo lokunciphisa
Ngikholwa njalo umqhele omuhle womuthi we-peach iyinhlobonhlobo yomqhele wendebe. Kodwa umqhele onjalo wesihlahla uthatha isikhala esiningi ensimini yezithelo, izikhathi ezine, kunzima kakhulu, njengoba kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nokusebenza ukuze uyifake. Kufanelekile izitidi zezwe, okuncane, kodwa azifaneleki ngokuphelele emasimini amakhulu.
Imikhawulo yemithi ye-Peach kungacatshangwa: shtamb 50-60 cm, umlingana ophansi u-20 cm phakathi kwesisekelo samagatsha ama-3-4 omzimba. Egatsheni ngalinye ushiya amagatsha amabili e-skelet of the second order, kude no-30 cm komunye nomunye. Ngaphezulu kwesibopho sokuqala kufakwa isigaba sesibili samagatsha angama-skeletal, esilinganisweni samahlanu. Iminyaka emihlanu yokukhula komuthi we-peach, ukuphakama kwayo kufanele kube ngamamitha amabili kuya ku-3.
Njengoba kunikezwe izici zokuhamba kwezakhi, umuthi we-peach, lapho usika izihlahla, kungcono ukwakha isihlahla. Leli fomu lisiza ukuthola inani eligcwele lokukhanya kwelanga nazo zonke amagatsha, ngoba i-peach ngumuthi odinga ukukhanya kwelanga njalo.
Izici
Amaphuzu avelele i-trim ingacatshangwa:
• Sika ipende eliphakanyisiwe entwasahlobo. Amagatsha asuswe ukuze umuthi uthathe umqhele owenziwe ngesitsha.
• Uma usika amagatsha, kufanele uqaphele inani lamagatsha athela izithelo. Ngenani elanele lamagatsha ezinhlanzi aqala ukungena. Zifushane kuze kube khona amafihle amabili.
• Emva kokuvuna, ukusika izihlahla ezikwindlalelo kwenziwa.
• Ngenxa yokuthi umuthi we-peach uveza izithelo, inani lamagatsha axubekile lilawulwa. Njengoba kutholakala amafutha amaningi, amagatsha angu-80 asele, futhi ngesilinganiso esanele sezithelo, kuyadingeka ukuba ushiye imali engaba ngu-200.
Izici zidonsa umuthi omncane:
• Ukudubula okuphambili kwamapayipi kuphethwe uma kwenzeka kukhona amahlumela amancane ezitshalweni.
• Uma uhlwanyela ipayipi emhlabathini, shiya amahlumela amathathu noma amane aphansi phansi kwesihlahla, zonke ezinye zisusiwe.
• Entwasahlobo, ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala, amahlumela akhethiwe anqunywa ku-1 / 3-1 / 4 ubude bokuqala.
• Amagatsha aphakathi nendawo ye-peach anqunywa njengesikhashana ngangokunokwenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu.
• Amahlumela avuthiwe kufanele acwecwe, njengoba engapheli izithelo.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda mayelana nokusika izikhonkwane ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Amathuluzi
Uma usika izihlahla ezinjenge-peach, kufanele uhlale ukhumbule ukuthi kukhulu kakhulu siphendula ngokubuhlungu ukuze siphumengakho-ke ukuvunwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela futhi zonke izinyathelo zicatshangelwa. Amathuluzi azobe adonsa ipelishi isidingo kumele kube ne-disinfected ekuxazululeni ingxube yeBordeaux. Wonke amanxeba kanye nokusikeka komuthi kumele kube khona ngokushesha okumbozwa ngezinga lokulima. Amathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa i-peach, kumele kusetshenziswe, igcinwe endaweni eyomile futhi ingabi nemfucuza, kufanele ibe semhlabathini ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi. Lapho wenza umsebenzi wokulima, kuyadingeka ukuba ugcine ngokucophelela imithetho yokuphepha kwezobuchwepheshe.
Lapho ukusika i-peach kungasiza izesekeli zensimu:
1) Pruner. Isetshenziselwa ukususa amagatsha amancane afana nezikhali ngendwangu eluhlaza. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezihlahla zezihlahla: nge-blade efana (esetshenziselwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokutshala izihlahla) kanye nokusika okukodwa (okusetshenziselwa ukusika izihlahla kanye nokusika umqhele).
2) I-Lopper. Kubonakala njengama-secateurs anokuphatha isikhathi eside. Basusa amagatsha aphezulu.
3) I-Garden yabona. Ubude bayo buyi-35 cm, amazinyo anzima, futhi anesimo se-crescent.
4) I-Chainsaw. Kungcono ukukwenza umsebenzi omkhulu, izihlahla zingadliwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izitebhisi ngisho nokuphakama kwamamitha amahlanu.
5) Ummese webhasi banquma ukukhula kweminyaka enonyaka ubudala, basuse amahlumela aluhlaza emthini omncane, baphuthukise ama-scrap noma ama-cut cutting sites.
6) Shayela umshini izihlahla ezihlutshiwe, izindonga, okuhle ukudala umqhele. Ama-brush cutters ahlukaniswa uhlobo lwenjini. Ziyi-fuel, ugesi noma ibhetri.
7) Shredder esetshenziselwa ukubuyisela kabusha imfucuza yasensimu. Kulula kakhulu ukuba bavuselele amagatsha, amaqabunga, ukhula. Ekugcineni, lokhu kudoti kusetshenziselwa ukugubha umjikelezo we-trunk kanye ne-aisle. Zinezinhlobo ezimbili: uphethiloli kanye kagesi.
