Ukulungiswa okulungile kuphela "ukulungiselela u-prewinter" kungase kuqinisekiswe ukuvuna okuvamile kwesivini. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela kusengaphambili ukuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda. Ama-frosts abhubhisa ikakhulukazi amahlumela wonyaka awazange avuthiwe.
Umsebenzi womlimi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke ukukhula konyaka wamanje kuhlangana nokuqala kwamaqhwa ekugcineni.
Kulokhu kuyadingeka: ukuyeka ukuphuza isihlahla ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo; ukufaka uketshezi kwe-nitrogen ekugqokeni kokugcina; emva kokuvuna amajikijolo, emincane emasimini amagilebhisi bese ususa amaqabunga; sebenzisa indawo yokukhosela ekwindla sekwephuzile - ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Ukuxhomeka kokubamba izinhlobo ezahlukene zokushisa
Amagilebhisi - isitshalo esivame ukukhula kumazwe anesimo sezulu esiphezulu, ama-subtropics noma ama-tropical. Ngezivinini, izifunda ezinobusika obumnene zifaneleke kakhulu. Kodwa kunezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ukuthi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa, zingakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekene nokunyuka kwama-frost nokumelana nobusika.
Ukumelana ne-Frost yikhono lokuphila ngesikhathi seqhwa. Futhi ubulukhuni obusika yikhono lokulwa nenhlanganisela yezimo ezibandayo zasebusika: iqhwa, icing, njll.
Ngokwesilinganiso sokuqina kwesithwathwa, amagilebhisi ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amahlanu:
inombolo yeqembu 1 (ukuzinza okukhulu): lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokudonsa kwezinga lokushisa kuya kwezingu-25 ° -28 ° C, kanti amehlo angu-80-100% ahlala;
inombolo yeqembu 2 (ukuzinyuka okwandayo): lezo zinhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokudonsa kokushisa kuze kube ngaphansi kwezingu-23 ° -27 ° C, kuyilapho ama-60-80% wamehlo ehlala;
inombolo yeqembu 3 (ukumelana okuphakathi): lezo zinhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokudonsa okushisa kuya kwezingu-18 ... -21 ° C, kanti amehlo angu-40-60% ahlala, iningi lamagilebhisi aliwaleli qembu;
inombolo yeqembu 4 nombolo 5 (ukumelana okubuthakathaka): lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokudonsa kokushisa kuya kwezingu-13 ... -17 ° C, kanti amehlo angu-100% angafa.
Ukuhlukaniswa okunjalo kwezinhlobonhlobo zibe ngamaqembu akusilo okungekho emthethweni, ukuhlukahluka ngalunye kunezici zayo ezingawa ngaphansi kwencazelo yamaqembu ahlukene.
Izingxenye ezihlukene zehlathi nazo zinezimo ezihlukene zokuqhwa kwamaqhwa:
- uhlelo lwempande lwesihlahla aluphikisana kakhulu nesithwathwa kunomvini (kuze kube ku--9 ° C itafula kanye nezinhlobo zezobuchwepheshe, izinhlobo ezifinyelela ku -14 ° C - izinhlobo zezimpande);
- ukuphikiswa kwamaqabunga kwezinso kuhluke: ukulala okunamandla kakhulu, okugxilwe phansi okuncane, ngisho namafihleki angabalulekile;
- Ukuqina kokhuni kuncike eminyakeni yobudala. Isikhathi eside siphezulu kakhulu, futhi unyaka owodwa.
Uma esifundeni ukushisa ebusika kwehla ngaphansi kwe -21 ... -24 ° С, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukumboza zonke izinhlobo zemagilebhisi, uma izinga lokushisa liwela ku- -16 ° -20 ° С, bese livunyelwe ukuba limboze izinhlobo ezinqabile kakhulu.
Ilungiselela ukugcina
Iyini isikhathi sokulungiselela?
Inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala ukugcina amagilebhisi (okungukuthi, maphakathi no-Septhemba), kuyadingeka ukususa izingcezu zamagilebhisi kanye ne-prune.
Ngokuvamile, abalimi beqalayo bacela ukuthi balungise kahle kanjani isihlahla. Kukhona indlela elula: shiya imivini emithathu ngakwesokunxele nangakwesobunxele, eseqedile ukuhluma, futhi unqume ingxenye engaphenduliwe kanye namahlumela okudlulele. Ukusika kufanele kulungiselelwe ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Maphakathi no-September, udinga ukuqala ukuphuza izihlahla zamagilebhisi. Uma inhlabathi ilula, ke lokhu kusebenza kuyadingeka. Ebusika, ukuphola komhlabathi kusomile ngokushesha nokujula okukhulu kunomhlabathi omanzi.
Kumele kusetshenziswe ngamanzi amabhakede angu-20 ehlathini ngalinye. Kuqala ukubuka kubonakala sengathi kuningi. Inhlabathi kufanele igxilwe ngamanzi ngokujulile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ebusika, amanzi azovuka ema-capillary enhlabathini ngendlela yesimo sezulu bese efudumala inhlabathi kanye nezimpande zesivini ngokufudumala kwayo.
Manje ungaya ekhoneni eliyinhloko: kufihla
Udinga nini ukumboza amagilebhisi?
Esikhathini ngasinye isifunda sezulu sinesikhathi saso sokugcina isivini. Abavinini bewayini abanolwazi bayeluleka ukumboza izihlahla ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ama-frosts okuqala aqina kanzima ehlathini futhi akhulise ukukhuthazela kwawo. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa aliwi ngezansi -5 ... -8 ° C. Emva kwalokho, lapho kuqala ama-frosts ahlala njalo, amagilebhisi kumele ahlanganiswe.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokubamba amagilebhisi ebusika:
Isivinini somsila wamagilebhisi
Lokhu, indlela yasendulo kunazo zonke. Ukusebenza kwendawo yokukhosela kuncike ekutheni: ukujula kwemifula lapho umvini ubeka khona; ukuphakama komhlaba othuliweyo; umswakama wenhlabathi.
Kukhona ezinye izinkinga ezingenasikhumbuzo somhlabathi. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuvikelwa okunjalo kuholela ekunciphiseni kwama-frost ukumelana nomvini. Izimo ezihle kunazo zonke zokubusika isihlahla somvini - ukujula kwe-30-40cm embankment. Ubuningi besigundane ngaphezu kwamehlo akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-15-20cm, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuqandeni kwezinso.
Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi ngaphansi kwesenzo sezulu kanye nesikhukhula, umhlaba ugoba futhi ungqimba lomhlaba ungagabuka kakhulu.
Kufanelekile futhi ukugwema indawo yokuhlala emvinini ngokweqile, kungenjalo umvini 'ungaphwanya' futhi ngenxa yalokho izivini ziyofa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukuvimbela imivini ukuthi ingaxhumani nomhlaba womhlaba: zibeke amabhodi axhunyiwe, isibonelo, amabhodi, izingcezu ze-slate, noma yiluphi ulwazi olukhona.
Ngakho-ke, ungqimba lomoya lwakhiwa ngaphansi kokufakwa komhlaba, okuyinto yokwehliswa okwezinye ezishisayo futhi kunciphisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi yezinga elishisayo elisezingeni eliphansi emngceleni.
Ngaphambi kokuba uvikeleke kuhle ukuhlanza umvini ngesisombululo sanoma yisiphi isilazi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwakheka kokubunjwa nokutheleleka nge-necrosis ebonakalayo.
Amacengezi omvini wendawo yokuhlala
Inqubo yokuvikela izihlangu akuyona into eyinkimbinkimbi. Kubalulekile ukwenza isakhiwo sokhuni - isihlangu, cishe amamitha amabili nesigamu ubude futhi cishe amasentimitha angamashumi amathathu ububanzi. Ama-flaps anjalo angagcinwa ndawonye ngama-loops.
Abalindi bahlelwa "indlu", ngaphakathi kwabalindi bahlongozwa ngokuphahlazeka (bazizwa). Lo mklamo we-gable ulula kakhulu futhi umnotho ungakghona, njengoba ungakhonza iminyaka eminingana. Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-thermal kuyenziwa nasemaphethelweni wesakhiwo: izinto zokuphahla (ukuphahlazeka uzizwa) nezihlangu ezengeziwe ngokwesiko somgodi.
Ngalolu hlobo lwekhava, kudingekile ukukhipha oxhumana nabo emahlathini nomhlabathi. Ngalesi sizathu, noma yikuphi okukhona okusetshenzisiwe okusetshenzisiwe: amabhodi, amagatsha ezihlahla izihlahla, njll.
Umvini udinga ukucwiliswa ngaphambi kwendawo yokuhlala.
Ukungahambi kahle kwendlela yinkimbinkimbi ekwenzeni izihlangu. Le ndlela ifanele abanikazi bevini elincane esakhiweni.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngamagilebhisi amabhande.
Indawo yokuhlala yamagilebhisi eSlate
Indlela ilula kakhulu. Isiyaluyalu samagilebhisi sinezinhlangothi ezimbili futhi siboshwe ngohlobo lwe-convolutions, okuthiwa i-fashinki.
Njengengxenye yokugqoka esetshenzisiwe, isibonelo, izikhwama ezindala. Emva kwalokho, izibhamu ezipakishwe ngale ndlela zifakwa emigodini yangaphambili yokudonsa, engama-20 cm ejulile, ngqo emhlabathini, ngaphandle kokulala, futhi ikhonjiwe ngeziqeshana zensimbi emhlabathini.
Ngaphambi kokuba amagilebhisi avini kumele aphathwe ngesisombululo se-lime, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Isithebe esiphezulu samagilebhisi asobugqili. Khona-ke uhlaka lwehlabathi luthululelwa, futhi uhlaka lwomoya lwenziwa ngaphakathi, olusebenza njengokushisa ukushisa kwehlathi.
