I-Muscari (Eubotrys, Botryanthus) - isitshalo se-bulbous esihlala isikhathi eside, esaziwa ngokuthi "i-anyanisi ye-viper" ne "mouse hyacinth". Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ikhula ezintabeni nasemaphethelweni ehlathi eCrimea naseCaucasus, esifundeni saseMedithera, eningizimu naseningizimu yeYurophu nase-Asia Minor. Lesi sitshalo sithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezikhathi zokuqala zezimbali ze-muscari, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimbali zasentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izimbali ze-hyacinth yegundane ziyizona zinto ezizingelwayo futhi ziqedwe phansi ngaphansi kwezimbali zokuqala.
Izimbali ze-Muscari, ezinomthelela futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ezinomnandi kakhulu, ziyasetshenziswa kakhulu njengesitshalo sezitshalo ekuhlotsheni imifino kanye nezindlela zensimu.
Kuze kube yamuva, imbali ye-muscari yayibhekwa emndenini we-liliaceae (hyacinths), kamuva lesi sitshalo sasibizwa ngokuthi i-asparagus (asparagus).
Uyazi? Lesi sitshalo sibophezelekile ngegama laso ku-Botanist waseBrithani, iScotsman Philip Miller, owathi isitshalo sinomsindo we-musk. Imbali yayibizwa nge "Viper" noma "inyoka" anyanisi ngoba entwasahlobo ezungeze lezi zimbali abantu babona ukuqoqwa okukhulu kwezinyoka, ngenxa yokuthi ngokusobala bacabanga ukuthi izinyoka zondla amaqabunga ama-muscari. Eqinisweni, izinyoka zivele zivele zishaye ilanga, futhi i-muscari ikhula ezimweni zemvelo ezindaweni ezikhanyayo nezifudumele. I-hyacinth yesitshalo esithi "igundane" noma "amagilebhisi" yayibizwa ngegama elifanayo ngenxa yokufana kwalo nalolu fula, usayizi omncane kanye ne-inflorescence ngesimo sevini lamagilebhisi.
I-Muscari inezinama ezinamaqanda, ezimbozwe ngaphandle ngezikali zokukhanya. Amaqabunga ahlala isikhathi eside, kuze kube yizingcezu ezingu-6, avame ukuphuma entwasahlobo, kepha ngezinye izikhathi aphinde abuye emva kwehlobo. Izimbali ze-Muscari ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences kuze kufike ku-8 cm ubude, isithelo ibhokisi, imbewu yombala omnyama, omncane futhi obomvu.
Lesi sitshalo sinezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, cishe zonke zizithobekile futhi ziba nezimfanelo zokuhlobisa, kodwa ngokuvamile zikhula njengesitshalo segadi. I-Muscari Armenian, noma i-Colchis - yiyona enqabile kakhulu emakhazeni, imbali ibonakala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, isikhathi sokumbali siyimasonto amathathu.
Uyazi? I-Muscari ihlotshaniswa nesitshalo sezinto zokuhlobisa, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zazo zisebenza ngendlela ewusizo: kusukela emascari zikhiqiza emulsions ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombe, ukuqhuma izinto ezibandakanya ukubunjwa kwezinwele zezinwele nezinye iziphuzo, ngaphezu kwalokho, lisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa njengengxenye yamalungiselelo okudonshulwa kanye nokuvuselela ngisho nasembonini yezimayini.
Ukukhetha indawo e-Muscari
Ukulima kwe-muscari ensimini akubandakanyi ubunzima obuningi ngokukhetha indawo. Lesi sitshalo singatholakala ngisho nangaphansi kwezihlahla zegadi, ngoba u-anyanisi wezinyosi aqala ukusabalalisa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amaqabunga engakahlotshisiwe, ngakho-ke isithunzi sabo sincane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Muscari, njengezinye izimbali zasentwasahlobo, idinga umbala omningi okhanyayo, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo akufanele sihlwanyelwe ngaphansi kwezigulane nezinye izihlahla ezivuthiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-muscari kufanele ivikelwe emanzini aqinile emoyeni. 
I-Muscari ingatshala ngqo emagqabeni, entwasahlobo izovuselela kakhulu ukubukeka komtshani. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu akunakwenzeka ukunquma utshani kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga ama-muscari efile ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-plant's 'bulbs kuqala angajulile bese eyeka ngokuphelele ukwakha. Uma ukhetha isayithi lokutshala, kungcono ukwabela isakhiwo sesitshalo esivumela ukuba itshalwe inqwaba, ngokuchichima kwenqwaba lokhu kudala indawo enhle kakhulu embala wombala ngemuva kwesihlabathi sobuhlaza obuhlaza.
Kubalulekile! Ngayo yonke ukuzithoba kwayo kanye nezimbali eziphumelelayo, ngisho nasezindaweni ezimbalwa ezithunyiwe, i-muscari ayibekezelelanga inhlabathi engaphezulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kunikwe izingxenye eziphakeme zegadi.
I-Muscari - izitshalo ezimilayo. Ukuze ungalimazi ngamabomu ama-bulb, ungawafaki eduze nezindawo ezigcinwe ukutshala ngonyaka kwezinye izimbali. Abangane abahle bamascari yizinhlobonhlobo zama-daffodils, ama-crocuses, ama-hyacinths, ama-tulips kanye nezinye izimbali ezinyakazayo.
Izidingo zomhlaba
I-Muscari ikhula kahle emhlabathini ovundile futhi ongekho emandleni okusebenza kahle kwamanzi.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zitshalo azifaki izidingo eziphezulu ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi futhi zingazizwa zikhululekile yonke indawo. Noma kunjalo, izimbali ze-muscari ezisebenzayo kakhulu, ezihlala njalo futhi ezihlala njalo zingatholakala uma zihlwanyela enhlabathini elula noma ephakathi nenani le-pH lika 5.8 kuya ku-6.5. Kunconywa ukondla inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala ngamanyolo eziphilayo - isibonelo, nge humus noma umquba. Ecebile futhi efanelekayo emhlabathini wakwaMuscari - isibambiso hhayi nje kuphela izimbali ezilukhuni futhi ezinamandla, kodwa futhi nokwakhiwa kwama-big.
Konke ngokutshala ukutshala futhi ukuzalisa ama-muscari
I-Muscari ingatshalwa ngezindlela ezimbili - inzalo kanye nemifino. Ukucabangela ukuthi le ndodakazi ihlobisa lesi sitshalo ngendlela eningi, indlela yesibili yokukhiqizwa kwe-muscari isetshenziswa kaningi.
Ngesinye isikhathi i-muscari iphinda ikhule ngokutshala izithombo ezithengwa emanzini. Kakade i-hyacinths yegundane isanda ukuthenga ngezimbiza phakathi kwentwasahlobo futhi ngokushesha ifakwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Imbewu ye-Muskari ekhula
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-anyanisi yezinyosi zisakazeka kalula ngokuzihlwanyela, okuyizimo zensimu ezingalungile kunesizotha sesitshalo, ngoba kuholela ekukhuleni okungalawuleki kwezitshalo ezincane. Ukuze ugweme le nkinga ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchichima eMuscari, ama-stalks kufanele afakwe. Ukuze ukhiqize imbewu ye-muskari ukushiya kuze kufike ukuvuthwa okugcwele, udinga amabhokisi amaningi kakhulu njengoba udinga ukuze usebenzise kamuva.
Imbewu kaMuscari kufanele itshalwe ngokushesha emva kokuqoqwa, ekwindla efanayo, njengoba ngonyaka ozayo, njengomthetho, ilahlekelwa ukuhluma. Ukujula ukujula kuyinto 1-2 cm. Ngonyaka olandelayo, imbewu ihluma ngezitshalo ezincane ezinhle, kepha ukwakheka kwe-bulb kuhlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ama-muskari atshalwe imbewu aqala ukuqhuma ngaphambi komnyaka wesibili, futhi kaningi okwesithathu kuphela.
Izindlela zokuzalanisa izitshalo zeMascari
Ukukhiqizwa kwemifino ye-muscari kuyindlela yokufakelwa kabusha ama-shabhu amancane akhiwe kumzali. Ukuhlukanisa izingane ezinjalo kulula kakhulu. Uma i-bulb encane kakhulu, itshalwe ukukhulela embhedeni wase-razvodochnogo engadini, zonke ezinye ama-bulbs zingatshalwa ngokushesha endaweni enomphela.
I-Muscari - izimbali ezincane, zitshalwe ngenyanga ekhulayo ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kuka-September. Ngokuphathelene nokuthi kungenzeka ukutshala noma ukufakelwa kabusha i-anyanisi ye-addi entwasahlobo, kudingeke ukuthi sithi ngokuvamile akufanele kwenziwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho isimo se-muskarians ezimbizeni zezimbali saphela emva kwamaholide entwasahlobo. Esitshalweni asizange sife, singasuswa ngokucophelela ebhodweni, sihlukanise isibani bese sitshala endaweni evulekile yokuphumula. Ngokuwa, ibhubhu elinjalo lingabanjwa futhi lisetshenziswe ngonyaka ozayo ngokukhula embizeni. 
Amabhomu aseMuscari akhishwe emhlabathini kufanele atshalwe ngokushesha. Uma ama-bulb athengwa esitolo, ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ahlolwe kahle futhi alahlwe ama-anfetri, anezifo noma abolile: kuphela indaba enempilo okufanele itshalwe.
Ama-muscari ama-bulc are atshalwa hhayi ahlukile, kodwa ngokuvamile, hhayi emgodini ojulile (izikhathi ezijulile kathathu kunokuphakama kwama-bulb). Ukwakheka kombhede womhlobiso wokuhlobisa, kutuswa ukuba utshale izitshalo eziningana ezahlukeneyo emgodini owodwa - isibonelo, ama-muscari, ama-daffodils, ama-crocuses, njll. Kubonakala sengathi kuhle kakhulu, kodwa uma utshala kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-bulb ahlukene adinga ukujula okuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukufika kuqhutshwa ngendlela ye-pie puff: ama-bulbs of izimbali ezinkulu (njengama-daffodils) afakwa ejulile, bese efafazwa umhlaba, ama-muscari bulbs abekwe phezulu, njll.
Ama-muscari bulbs atshalwe ekwindla asevele eqhakaza entwasahlobo ezayo.
Indlela yokunakekela isitshalo seMuscari
Njengoba i-muscari izwa kahle njengembali yasendle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, ukuzilungisa akuyona nje inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kungase kungasetshenziswa nhlobo: i-hyacinth yegundane inamandla kakhulu ukulwa nobusika, iqhakaze futhi ibelethe ngaphandle kokusekelwa okuningi. Kodwa, njengalokhu kunoma yisiphi isitshalo, ukulalela nokunakekelwa kwenza isitshalo sibe sihle kakhulu, siphumelele futhi siphelele isikhathi eside.
Ukunisela ama-muscari
I-Muscari idinga ubuningi bomswakama ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nezimbali. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lokhu kusentwasahlobo, umhlaba ngalesi sikhathi awumile kakhulu, ngoba lesi sitshalo sitholakala ngokuphelele emhlabathini emva kokuqhaqha kweqhwa nemvula. Kufanelekile ukuchelela ama-muscari ngalesi sikhathi kuphela uma ubusika bewunqabile futhi intwasahlobo inomoya futhi ingabi.
Kubalulekile! Uma amanzi ehla emhlabathini, ama-muscari bulbs angabola.
Emasontweni amabili emva kokuba imiscari yemifula inganciphisa kancane kancane, futhi ngemuva kokuthi amaqabunga aphuzi futhi aphuphuke, iyeka ngokuphelele, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuphumula lesi sitshalo asidingi umswakama.
I-Muscari yokuthinta
Ukuba imbali engapheli, ezinkathini eziningana, uMuscari udala amahlumela amnandi, anomsindo. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhule kangcono futhi singaphazamisi omakhelwane bayo, imindeni enjalo idinga ukunciphisa njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Le nqubo ihlanganiswe nokutshala kwama-amasha ezindaweni ezintsha, ngakho kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSeptemba.
I-Muscari ibekezelela ukuguqulwa ngokushesha emva nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kepha kulokhu, i-bulb kufanele iguzwe ngokutholakala komhlaba, ukuze ingalimazi futhi ingayibhali i-bulb nezimpande.
Umanyolo kanye nesitshalo sokudla
Inhlabathi ephansi evundile ye-muscari kufanele ifakwe ukudla okuphilayo. Uma wenza njalo ukuwa ngesikhathi esisodwa njengokumba indawo, i-hyacinth yegundane ingakhula endaweni eyodwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi, kanti isikhathi esivamile ngemuva kwesikhathi sokutshala isikhala semaskari sineminyaka emihlanu.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo wesimiso semfuyo (umquba omusha, umquba wenkukhu, njll) we-muscari. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kunomthelela ekubola kwama-bulbs nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Ngemuva kokukhazimula, ukusika ama-stalks, inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe ngamakhemikhali e-potassium-phosphorus. Ekwindla, uma isitshalo singakafiki isikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha, isayithi kufanele ihlanzwe amaqabunga aphuzi, bese ihlanganiswa ne-peat ebusika. Ngaphezu kokunisela kanye nomanyolo ofanele, ukunakekelwa kwe-muscari kudinga futhi kukhululeke futhi kukhule, ngoba ukhula lungathinta inqubo yokubunjwa kwe-bulb.
Isitoreji sama-muscari ama-bulb
Njengoba sekushiwo, i-muscari anyanisi ithole ngokuvamile itshalwe endaweni entsha ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, kunezimo lapho kudingeka khona ukulondoloza ama-digged kuze kube yonyaka olandelayo. Ukuze i-bulb ifanele ukutshala ngemuva kokugcina isitoreji, kubalulekile ukukhetha impilo enhle nangokwengeziwe ngangokunokwenzeka (okungenani okungu-1 cm ububanzi).
Dug out ama kufanele ihlelwe usayizi futhi wageza, bese aphathwa nge agent agent. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, noma iyiphi i-fungicide (isisombululo se-potassium permanganate, i-Bordeaux liquid, i-Fitosporin, njll) iyofaneleka. Amabhula athengwe esitolo akudingeki asetshenzwe; kwanele ukuba baqinisekise ukuthi izimo zokugcina zikhonjisiwe kuphakheji.
Ama-processed kufanele asomiswe izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ekamelweni lokushisa, bese efakwe engxenyeni ye-peat noma enhlabathini enomanzi ehlanzekile;
Beka izinto ezilungiselelwe ukugcinwa endaweni enobumnyama, enomoya ogcweleyo (17 - 18 ° ะก) kanye nomswakama (cishe 70%).
Kuyo yonke isikhathi sokugcina, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole u-anyanisi njalo ngokuba khona kwe-spoiled noma okubolile. Amakhophi anjalo angaphansi kokususwa ngokushesha.
Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi i-muscari ayidlangalahle ishiyelwe ukugcina ama-bulb, ngoba isikhathi esihle sokutshala yi-autumn, futhi sekuwa ukuthi ama-bulb ezitshalo asebekhulile aguqulwa.
Izifo nezinambuzane nokuvimbela kwabo
Isitha esiyinhloko seMuscari yi-anyanisi e-yellow anwar dwarfism virus, okubangela isifo sesitshalo njenge-mosaic. Lihlasela amaqabunga, linciphisa umcibisholo wezimbali futhi ngenxa yalokho linciphisa ukukhula kwama-anyanisi enyoka. I-Muscari nayo ibhekene nomdwebo ojwayelekile wesikhukhamba, ophinde uguqule amaqabunga.
Ophethe lezi zifo zombili yi-aphid, ngakho-ke izinyathelo zokuvimbela kufanele zihloswe ngokuyinhloko ekulwa nalesi sifo. Indlela enhle yisisombululo sanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wensipho, okuyizindawo eziphethwe yi-aphid ezithintekile.
Izitshalo ezitheleleke nge-mosaic azikwazi ukwelashwa, kufanele zisheshe zicubunguke futhi zibhujiswe ngaphandle kwesihawu, ngoba lesi sifo singasakazeka kalula ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane.
Enye inkathazo eqinile ye-muscari isicabucabu Ukuze ulwe ngokuphumelelayo ngamalungiselelo "Fitoverm", "Acrofit" ne "Vertimek".
Okokugcina, i-muscari iyinhlobonhlobo yezintambokazi ezithandayo, ngaphezu kwakho konke, amasimu wensimu. Ukuze uvikele umbhede wembali kule nkemba, ungasebenzisa ukutshala kabusha kwezitshalo, iphunga lawo amantombazane angawabekezeli. Lokhu kungase kube igalikhi njalo noma i-imperial grouse (lokhu okubukeka kubheka kakhulu, ngakho kuzokusiza ngokuphelele i-flowerbed). Izitshalo ze-Thorny nazo zingase zisabise amagundane, isibonelo, rose rose.
Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kukaMuscari akusikho ubunzima obuthile. Kulula kakhulu ukukhula ukuthi noma yikuphi oqalayo angakwazi ukuphatha lo msebenzi. Futhi uma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lesi sitshalo siqala ukulahlekelwa ukubonakala kwayo kanye nekhwalithi yezimbali, kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuyihlwanyela.
