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Indlela yokutshala u-anyanisi, imithetho ejwayelekile yokutshala izitshalo

I-anyanisi ingenye yezitshalo ezithandayo kakhulu zamasimu. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, izonikeza ukunambitheka okwehlukile okuthakazelisayo, zigcwalise ngamavithamini kanye nezici zokulandelela. Kodwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvunwa okuhle, umhlali wehlobo kufanele azi ukuthi angondla kanjani anyanisi.

Uyazi? Ukudla okuvame kakhulu emhlabeni - okungukuthi u-anyanisi.

U-anyanisi umanyolo on umanyolo

Kwavezwa ukuthi ngokukhula okuvela kumahektare angu-300 e-anyanisi ama-hektare angu-300, imifino idla emhlabathini:

  • 75 kg we-potassium;
  • 81 kg we-nitrogen;
  • 48 kg we-lime;
  • 39 kg we-phosphoric acid.
Uma ukusebenzisa amaminerali amaminerali amasiko aphela:
  • 25-30% i-phosphorus;
  • 45-50% i-potassium;
  • I-100% i-nitrogen.
Lolu lwazi kufanele lucatshangelwe lapho ukondla u-anyanisi ku-turnip.

Kumele futhi wazi ukuthi i-phosphorus idliwe ngokufanayo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, i-nitrogen - ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokukhula yokuqala, ne-potassium - okwesibili. Umbuzo wendlela yokutshala u-anyanisi unqunywa ngesisekelo sohlobo lomanyolo, izimo zomhlabathi, ukutshalwa kwezolimo, njll.

Kuye kwacwaningwa ukuthi umquba we-phosphate kanye ne-potash ukwandisa kakhulu ukuvuthwa kwemifino, ama-buls abe mnandi futhi amakhulu, futhi agcinwa kahle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma umquba omusha usetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo nesilinganiso samaminerali omquba, lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi isivuno sitshalwe. Ukuphumelela kokudla anyanisi ngekhanda ngalinye kuncike ekutheni izinga lokushisa nokukhanya.

Ikhalenda le-anyanisi londla, kaningi kangakanani ukutshala u-anyanisi ekhanda

Ohlala ehlobo akufanele nje athole ukuthi yiziphi izithombo zomquba ezidingekayo ze-anyanisi, kodwa futhi angalingani isikhathi sokufaka isicelo sabo. Cabanga ukuthi u-anyanisi uzondla nini futhi kanjani uma utshala:

  • okokuqala ukunakekelwa kugxile ekubunjweni kwemifino enhle kule nsizi (umanyolo we-nitrogen);
  • okwesibili, ukugcizelela kugxile kancane ekubunjweni kwe-turnips (umanyolo we-potash phosphate);
  • okwesithathu, konke ukugxila kugxile ekwakheni nasekukhuleni okuphezulu kwe-bulb (umquba wamaminerali one-phosphorus).

Ukudla kokuqala

Uma uqala ukudla udinga ukukhetha ukuthi ungadla kanjani anyanisi ngemuva kokuhluma.

Ochwepheshe bacebisa amasonto amabili emva kokutshala imifino ehlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi 40 g we-superphosphate, 30 g we-saltpeter, 20 g we-potassium chloride. Leli ketshezi lifakwa emhlabathini ngaphansi kwemifino.

Ungasebenzisa futhi ikhambi elilandelayo: 2 tbsp. l izinkezo zomuthi "Vegeta" kanye no-1 tbsp. l Urea wathululela ebhakede lamanzi. Le nhlanganisela ibuye ibhekwe engadini. Ibhakede elilodwa lesisombululo somsoco lisetshenziswa kumamitha ayi-5 square. m inhlabathi. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka umanyolo ophilayo kuyoba yisisombululo somquba. Enye ingilazi yomquba ithathwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.

Kubalulekile! Uma inhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-anyanisi isitshalo, futhi izimpaphe zinombala obomvu ogqamile futhi zikhule ngokushesha, khona-ke lokhu kudla kungashiywa.

Ukudla kwesibili

Esigabeni sesibili, kunqunywe ukuthi ungondla kanjani u-anyanisi ukuze lukhulu.

Lokhu kudliwa kwenziwa izinsuku ezingu-30 ngemuva kokutshala isivuno kanye nezinsuku ezingu-15-16 emva kokuqala kokufaka umanyolo. Okwamanje, ama-gramu angu-60 we-superphosphate, ama-gramu angu-30 e-sodium chloride, nama-gramu angama-30 e-saltpeter ayengezwa ku-10 amalitha amanzi. Le nhlanganisela ingafakwa esikhundleni sesisombululo semithi "Agricol-2". Ebhakede lamanzi uthele 1 indebe yento. Ku-2 square. imitha yezwe 10 amalitha omsoco ayokwanela. Ukondla u-anyanisi entwasahlobo ekhanda futhi usebenzise udaba oluphilayo. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu ukupheka i-herbal slurry. Kulokhu, noma yikuphi ukhula kufakwa izinsuku ezintathu emanzini nangaphansi kokucindezela. I-glass of liquid such is okwanele ibhakede lamanzi.

Ukugqoka okwesithathu

Ukondla u-anyanisi entwasahlobo usuphelile lapho isibhamu sikhula sibe ngu-4 cm ububanzi. Kuwo wonke amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. Umhlabathi kufanele wengezwe u-30 g we-potassium chloride, 60 g we-superphosphate ehlakazwa ebhakedeni lamanzi.

Isixazululo singashintshwa ngokuthi "i-Effecton-O" ne-superphosphate. Ngama-10 amalitha amanzi engeza 1 tbsp. l superphosphate no-2 tbsp. l izinto. Ukondla u-anyanisi ngomlotha kuzogcwala isiko nezinto ezidingekayo eziphilayo. Ukwenza lokhu, 250 g lomlotha uthululwa ngamanzi abilayo (10 l) futhi avunyelwe ukunikeza izinsuku ezingu-3-4.

Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa ama-fertilizer ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awekho amahlamvu emifino.

Indlela yokuthola isivuno esihle se-anyanisi, ukugqoka okwenyama

Ngokuvamile abalimi bayazibuza ukuthi u-anyanisi afana nomquba kanye nezinye izimila eziphilayo (umquba, inyamazane yenkukhu, njll)?

Izakhi ze-Organic zithuthukisa isakhiwo somhlabathi ngaphansi komnsalo, zicebisa ngezakhi. Ngenxa yalokho, umhlaba ungcono kakhulu ogcwala umoya-mpilo nomoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwethulwa kwezindaba eziphilayo kubangele ukuxoshwa kangcono kwesiko samakhemikhali amaminerali. Noma kunjalo, uma kwenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo oluchazwe ngenhla udinga ukucabangela ukuthi:

  • akunconywa ukuba ufake umquba omusha, ongaguquki, njengoba lokhu kungabangela izifo ze-anyanisi futhi kunciphise ukubunjwa kwamakhanda;
  • kanye nezindaba eziphilayo eziphansi kakhulu, imbewu yokhula ingangena engadini, okuzodingeka ilahlwe kamuva;
  • Uma usebenzisa umthamo omkhulu wemanyolo, wonke amandla esitshalo azoqondiswa ekukhuleni kwemvelo eningi, ngakho-ke ama-bulbs angeke avuthwe.

I-anyanisi imithetho yokukhulelwa ngamaminerali

Uma usebenzisa amaminerali amaminerali okondla anyanisi kufanele akhunjulwe:

  • kuvinjelwe ngokuqinile ukuhlanza ama-fertilizer oketshezi ezitsheni ezisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwabantu noma izilwane;
  • Musa ukwandisa isilinganiso esiphezulu esinconywe umenzi;
  • uma ukubunjwa kwamaminerali kunempaphe eluhlaza we-anyanisi, kufanele bahlanjululwe ngamanzi avela kwipayipi;
  • ngaphambi kokwenza uketshezi ngokubunjwa kwamaminerali, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhambisa kancane inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo;
  • uma enye yezinto eziyinhloko (i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, i-potassium) iswele, umquba kufanele usebenze kanye nawo, ngaphandle kwalokho ezinye izingxenye ngeke zisebenze;
  • ukuze inhlabathi enesihlabathi, inani lokugqoka kufanele landa, kodwa ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo kufanele kunciphise. Uma ubumba bukhona emhlabeni, kunconywa ukuthi ukwandise kancane umthamo;
  • kanye nesicelo esisodwa ngesikhathi samaminerali nezitshalo eziphilayo, inani leyokuqala kumele lihliswe yi-1/3.
Uyazi? Uma i-perekormke umanyolo wamaminerali emaqeleni ezitshalo, i-nitrate ingaqongelela.

Indlela yokudla anyanisi amaminerali axutshwe

I-anyanisi yomanyolo ingaqukatha kokubili amaminerali nezinto eziphilayo ekutshalweni. Kulesi simo, ukondla kwenziwa kanje:

  • owokuqala wengeze amanzi (amalitha ayi-10) ngokungezwa kwe-urea (1 tbsp. l.) kanye ne-slurry (250 ml);
  • owesibili ulungiselela ingxube ye-2 tbsp. l i-nitrophosphate nama-10 amalitha amanzi;
  • okwesithathu kuhilela ukwengeza isixazululo esinomsoco emhlabathini: engeza 1 g wesawoti e-potassium ku-1 ibhakede kanye no-20 g we-superphosphate.

Izici zokudla u-anyanisi

Ngaphambi kokudla u-anyanisi ekhanda, kubalulekile ukucabangela izimo zesimo sezulu nesikhathi sosuku. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kwakuzogqoka esimweni sezulu esinamafu nesimo esingenamandla, kusihlwa. Kodwa uma kuvula, umquba wamaminerali esimweni esomile uhlakazeka kude no-8-10 cm kusuka emgqeni we-anyanisi, eduze kwe-5-10 cm.

Ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi, zonke izivande kufanele zicabange ngendlela yokutshala u-anyanisi. Ukuvuna okuhle kuzokwazi ukuhlinzeka nge-anyanisi yokudla kanye namalungiselelo okwenziwe ngomumo kanye namakhambi omuntu.