Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi i-ammonium nitrate, ngakho-ke ake sibheke ngokucophelela le manyolo, futhi sithole nokuthi siyasetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi kuphi. I-ammonium nitrate iyinhlangano yomanyolo omuncu we-granular wombala omhlophe nomthunzi ompunga, ophuzi noma obomvu, onamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezine.
Incazelo ye-ammonium nitrate nokubunjwa komanyolo
Umanyolo obizwa ngokuthi "ammonium nitrate" - inketho ejwayelekile phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo, ezitholile ngokubanzi ngenxa yobuningi bayo obunamaphesenti angama-35 e-nitrogen, okudingeka kakhulu ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwezitshalo.
I-nitrate isetshenziswa njengomlawuli wokukhula we-green mass wesitshalo, ngokukhulisa izinga lamaprotheni kanye ne-gluten okusanhlamvu, kanye nokwandisa isivuno. 
Uyazi? Ngaphezu kwegama elithi "ammonium nitrate", kunezinye: "ammonium nitrate", "usawoti we-ammonium we-nitric acid", "ammonium nitrate".
Ama-ammonia ne-nitric acid asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwe-ammonium nitrate. I-ammonium nitrate inezinto ezilandelayo ukwakheka: i-nitrogen (kusuka ku-26 kuya ku-35%), isulfure (kufika ku-14%), i-calcium, i-potassium, i-magnesium. Iphesenti yezinto ezilandelanayo ezise-nitrate incike kuhlobo lomanyolo. Ukuba khona kwesibabule ku-agrochemical, kwenza ukuba isitshalo sigcwalise ngokugcwele futhi ngokushesha.
Izinhlobo ze-ammonium nitrate
I-ammonium nitrate ehlanzekile ayivame ukusetshenziswa. Ngokusekelwe kwendawo yesicelo kanye nezidingo ze-agrarians, le-agrochemical igcwele izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene, okusho ukuthi kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi impela i-ammonium nitrate iyini.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko:
I-ammonium e-nitrate elula - izibulo lomkhakha we-agrochemical. Kusetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa izitshalo nge nitrogen. Lokhu kuyisondlo esiphumelele kakhulu sokuqala kwezitshalo ezikhuliswe emgqeni ophakathi futhi zingase zithathe indawo ye-urea.
I-ammonium nitrate brand B. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: owokuqala nowesibili. Isetshenziselwa ukondla okuyinhloko kwezithombo, ngesikhatsi esifushane sokukhanya kwemini, noma ekutshaleni izimbali ngemuva kokubusika. Ngokuvamile, kungenzeka ukuthenga ithejiwe ku-1 kg ezitolo, ngoba igcinwe kahle.
Potassium ammonium nitrate noma i-Indian. Kuhle kakhulu ekudleni izihlahla zezithelo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Futhi sypyat emhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala utamatisi, ngoba ukuba khona potassium ngcono ukunambitheka utamatisi.
Ammonium nitrate. Kubizwa nangokuthi isiNorway. Itholakala ngefomu ezimbili - elula futhi eningi. Iqukethe i-calcium, i-magnesium ne-potassium. Ama-granules walesi sikhala samanzi ahlukaniswa ngekhwalithi yokugcina okuhle.
Kubalulekile! I-calcium-ammonium nitrate granules iphathwa ngamafutha omoya, okungafihli phansi emhlabathini isikhathi eside, okuzowusindisa ekungcola.Lolu hlobo lwe-saltpeter lubumbisa zonke izitshalo, ngoba alubanga ukwanda kwenhlabathi ye-acidity. Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa le-agrochemical zingase zibhekiswe ekugayeni okulula kwezitshalo nokuqhuma.
I-magnesium nitrate. Njengoba lolu hlobo lwe-ammonium nitrate alushisi izitshalo, lusetshenziselwa ukondla ama-foliar. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengebhethri elisizayo le-magnesium ne-photosynthesis ekutshalweni kwemifino nobhontshisi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrate ye-magnesium emhlabathini onesihlabathi nesihlabathi onesihlabathi kuyasebenza kakhulu.
I-calcium nitrate. Yenza kokubili i-nitrate eyomile neyomile. Isetshenziselwa ukudla imifino nezitshalo zokuhlobisa emhlabathini we-sod-podzolic nge-asidi ephezulu. I-nitrate ye-calcium isetshenziswa ngaphambi kokumba isayithi noma ngaphansi kwempande.
I-nitrate ye-sodium noma iChilean iphelela ku-16% i-nitrogen. Okufanelekile ukuhamba kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinyosi.
I-porous ammonium nitrate ingumanyolo wokuthi, ngenxa yesimo esikhethekile se-granules, ayizange isetshenziswe ensimini. It is explosive futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa iziqhumane. Ayikwazi ukuthengwa ngasese.
I-Barium nitrate. Isetshenziselwe ukudala ama-pyrotechnic tricks, njengoba ikwazi ukugaya i-flame eluhlaza.
Uyazi? I-Saltpetre isetshenziselwa umanyolo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokukhiqizwa kwe-fetila, i-powder emnyama, iziqhumane, amabhomu omusi noma ukungeniswa kwamaphepha.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-ammonium nitrate ensimini (ukuthi ungayinikela kanjani futhi kanjani, yini engakhuliswa ngayo nokuthi yini engakwazi ukuyenza)
U-Saltpeter, njengomanyolo, usethole isicelo esikhulu phakathi kwabalimi nabahlali behlobo. Esikhathini sokukhula kwesitshalo, kungeniswa ngaphambi kokumba imibhede futhi ngaphansi kwempande. Kodwa-ke, akwanele ukuqonda ukuthi i-ammonium nitrate ingasetshenziswa njengomanyolo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini engakhuliswa ngayo. Ngezansi sizokhuluma ngazo zonke izinkinga zokusebenzisa izinto ezinjalo kwezolimo, ngoba njengoba wazi, konke kuhle, kodwa ngokulinganisela. 
Ukuze uthole inzuzo ephezulu kumanyolo, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-ammonium nitrate akufanele lidlule ukusetshenziswa okuphakanyiswe umenzi (kubalwa amagremu kumitha ngayinye yekwele):
- Imifino 5-10 g, ifakwe umanyolo kabili ngomnyaka ngamunye: okokuqala ngaphambi kokuhluma, okwesibili - ngemuva kokwakheka kwesithelo.
- Izimpande zika-5-7 g (ngaphambi kokwenza ukondla kwenze iziqu eziphakathi kwemigqa, ukujula cishe ngamamentimitha amathathu futhi zilele kuwo umanyolo). Ukondla kwenziwa kanye, izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nanye emva kokuvela kwamahlumela.
- Izihlahla zezithelo: izitshalo ezincane zidinga u-30-50 g wezinto ezitholakala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho kuvela amaqabunga kuqala; izihlahla zezithelo zika-20-30 g, ngesonto emva kokuqhakaza, ngokuphindaphindiwe ngenyanga. Ukukhubeka kusondela ukuzungeza umjikelezo womqhele ngaphambi kokuchelela. Uma usebenzisa isisombululo, kumele badle izihlahla kathathu ngenkathi.
Kubalulekile! I-nitrate ehlukanisiwe isheshe isithwe yisitshalo. Isixazululo silungiswa kanje: 30 amagremu we-nitrate ahlanjululwa ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi.
- Izihlahla: 7-30 g (for young), 15-60 g - for fruiting.
- I-Strawberry: intsha - 5-7 g (ifomu elihlanjululwayo), ukuzala - 10-15 g ngamitha ngayinye.
Njengoba i-nitrogen engama-50% e-nitrate inesimo se-nitrate, isatshalaliswa kahle enhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, kuyokwazi ukuthola inzuzo enkulu kumanyolo uma usungulwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwesitshalo ngokunisela okuningi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ammonium nitrate nge potassium ne-phosphorus kubhekwa ngokuphumelelayo. Emhlabathini olula, i-saltpeter iyahlakazeka ngaphambi kokulima noma ukumba ukutshala.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ugweme ukuvutha okuzenzakalelayo, i-nitrate ayinqatshelwe ukuxubaniswa ne-peat, utshani, i-sawdust, i-superphosphate, i-lime, i-humus, isikhokhi.I-ammonium nitrate ihlakazekile emhlabathini, ngaphambi kokuchelela, futhi ngisho nangendlela eqhekekile kusadingeka ukuba uthele ngamanzi. Uma usebenzisa umquba ophilayo ngaphansi kwezihlahla kanye nezihlahla, khona-ke i-nitre iyadingeka okwesithathu ngaphansi kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlwanyela okuncane, isilinganiso sincishiswe ngesigamu.
I-ammonium nitrate njengomanyolo, ngokulinganisa okulinganiselwe, ingasetshenziselwa ukondla cishe noma yisiphi isitshalo. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ayikwazi ukucwilisa ukhukhamba, amathanga, i-zucchini ne-squash, njengalokhu kusetshenziswa i-nitrate kuyoba usizo ekuqoqeni i-nitrate kulezi zitshalo.
Uyazi? Ngo-1947, e-United States, amathani angu-2,300 e-ammonium nitrate aqhuma emkhunjini wezimpahla, futhi ukuqhuma kwesibhamu kwaqhuma izindiza ezimbili ezindizayo. Kusukela ekuphenduleni kwamakhansela, okubangela ukuqhuma kwezindiza, kwabhubhisa izitshalo eziseduze nomunye umkhumbi ophethe i-saltpeter.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga zokusebenzisa i-ammonium nitrate ezweni
I-ammonium i-nitrate ngenxa yokukwazi ukukwazi ukukwazi ukukwazi ukuyisebenzisa futhi ukugaya kalula kwezitshalo sekutholile uhlelo lokusebenza olubanzi hhayi kuphela engadini, kodwa nasezweni. Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-nitrate kusayithi zifaka:
- ukukhululeka kokusetshenziswa;
- ukugcwalisa izitshalo ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nazo zonke izinto eziwusizo ezidingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwazo okugcwele;
- ukutholakala kalula emanzini kanye nomhlabathi omanzi;
- umphumela omuhle ngisho nalapho kutholakala emhlabathini obandayo.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zokusebenzisa noma yikuphi umanyolo, kunezinkinga. I-Saltpeter ayikho into:
- ihlanzwa masinyane ngemvula ibe yizingxenye eziphansi zomhlabathi nasemanzini angaphansi komhlaba, noma ihambela eceleni kwephrofayela yomhlabathi;
- ukuhlanekezela isakhiwo somhlabathi;
- ukwandisa i-acidity yenhlabathi futhi iyayilisa, enethonya elingenakuqhathaniswa ekukhiqizeni;
- ayiqukethe zonke izakhi ezilandelwayo ezidingekayo esitshalweni, okufaka izindleko ezengeziwe zokuthenga kwazo.
I-ammonium nitrate: indlela yokugcina kahle umanyolo
Usebenzisa i-ammonium nitrate, cishe usuvele wazi ukuthi emibhalweni yokusetshenziswa ibonise ubuthi bayo. Ngakho-ke, umthamo lapho umanyolo ugcinwa khona kufanele uhambise umoya. Gcina usawoti womoya ophefumulayo kahle, amakamelo asemoyeni ane-low air humidity.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kokushukela, i-nitrate nayo iyashisa kakhulu, yingakho kungavinjelwe ukuhlanganiswa namanye amafomu. Ekuqaleni awukwazi ukuxubaniswa ngokugcina nge-urea. Uma le nto yathengwa ukusetshenziswa okusheshayo (kungakapheli inyanga), isitoreji somgwaqo ngaphansi komgwaqo kuvunyelwe. 
Ukuze i-ammonium nitrate ingabonakali, izithasiselo ze-magnesia ziyongezwa kuso. Kungenzeka ukuthi kugcinwe i-saltpeter isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, njengoba kucatshangwa ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yale-agrochemical yi-nitrogen, isitoreji esingalungile sizoholela ekukhuphukeni kwayo, ngenxa yalokho okuzodingeka ukwandise izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrate. Ukushisa kwamanzi kuholela ekwakheni kabusha kwe-ammonium nitrate, ngenxa yalokho okungahlanjululwa kabi.
Kubalulekile! Uthuli lwe-ammonium nitrate, oluwela esikhumbeni nokuphendula ngokuthuthumela noma umswakama, lubangela ukucasuka okukhulu.
