Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "i-Valentine" njalo ngonyaka zijabulisa abalimi ngokuvuna okucebile kwamajikijolo amnandi anomnandi. Amaqoqo ayo okunethezeka ama-amber ngezinye izikhathi afinyelela kakhulu.
Ebhekwa njengenye yezinhlobonhlobo zezimakethe ezihamba phambili, ayikhulile ngempumelelo hhayi kuphela ezivini ezivuthiwe, kodwa nasezikhungweni zasekhaya.
"I-Valentine" ayibekeli izidingo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa futhi ifanelwe ukuba yizinhlobonhlobo zezintandokazi zewayini.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene ye-Valentine
Amagilebhisi "i-Valentine" ibhekisela kumafomu etafuleni amagilebhisi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Amagama afanayo anesipho sikaZaporozhye, i-Valentine kanye neyokuQala okuQalwe.
Izinhlobonhlobo zinambitha ehambisanayo, ukubukeka okuhle, ukukhuthazela kwezifo ezithile kanye nezinye izinzuzo eziningi. Amagilebhisi ahlanzekile kakhulu, futhi, njengobuhlobo, uKrasin noma i-Tempranillo kulungele ukwenza iwayini namajusi.
Abalimi abangenalwazi ngezinye izikhathi badidliza "u-Valentina" ngezinhlobonhlobo "i-Valentin" ("Androkos"). Lokhu kuhlukahluka ngokuphelele, amajikijolo awo anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukubonakala kwamagilebhisi
Amagilebhisi "i-Valentine" idume ngezihlahla ezikhulayo eziqinile nezivini ezikhula kakhulu. Uhlobo lwezinhlamvu zamagilebhisi aluvulekile, luyi-cylindrical, luhlanganiswe engxenyeni engezansi.
Ibanga lihluke ngobukhulu bamacembu. Amanye ama-specimens angafinyelela ku-40 cm ubude futhi 1.5 kg ngesisindo. Amaqoqo amakhulu nawo afane nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokuqala, ezijabulisayo kanye ne-merlot.
"I-Valentina" amajikijolo amnandi futhi amakhulu kakhulu, anesisindo esingama-16 g, afika ku-26 mm ububanzi futhi afike ku-44 mm ubude. Ukuma kwesithelo kuphakanyisiwe futhi kugobile kancane.
Umbala wamajikijolo yi-yellow yellow noma i-yellow njenga elangeni. Esikhumbeni kukhona "i-caulk" enhle, okubhekwa njengesici se "Valentina". Emibhawulweni yamajikijolo enelanga elikhulu kunezinga elimnyama elibomvu. Izinhlobo zamajikijolo zivuthwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ama-clusters ayengaphansi kwe-pea.
I-pulp yesithelo sinomthelela kakhulu futhi kubonakala sengathi incibilika emlonyeni. Isikhumba sincane, sidliwa kalula. Amatshe esithelweni - kusuka ku-1 kuya kwezingcezu ezimbili. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuvumelana nokunambitheka kancane kwe-sage. Ibheji elivuthiwe kahle linenhlama enomsoco enomsoco. I-asidi yesithelo - kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-6 g / l, okuqukethwe komshukela - kusuka ku-16 ukuya ku-19%. Ngomnandi wokuzijabulisa, ezihlukahlukene zanikezwa amaphuzu angu-8.6 amaphuzu.
I-Galahad, i-Kuban neStrasensky nayo inekhwalithi ephakeme yokunambitha.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Amagilebhisi "Valentine" - umphumela womsebenzi wabalimi i-VNIIVIV. I-Ya.I. Potapenko Novocherkassk idolobha.
Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwa ukuhamba okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezihlobo zehlobo zase-Muscat kanye ne-hybrid etholakala ku-Arcadia ne-Delight. "I-Valentine" ibhekisela ekugubungeni noma ekuhlanganiseni izinhlobo zomvini. Ikhulile ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia, isuka esifundeni saseMoscow kuya e-Astrakhan, kodwa sinendawo yokuhlala ebusika.
Izici
Izinhlobonhlobo zikhiqiza isivuno esiphezulu nesithembekile minyaka yonke.Uqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Amajikijolo avuthwe ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-140 kusukela ekuqaleni kokuphumula noma kancane kancane. I-fruiting yokuqala ayiningi kakhulu, kodwa ngonyaka ozayo ungalindela ukwanda komkhiqizo we-1.5, noma izikhathi ezimbili. Ukuvuna kwamagilebhisi kuhle - kusukela ku-60 ukuya ku-75%. Amahlumela amathathu ekhulwini avuthiwe. Lapho ukusika izihlahla emvinini kushiya kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-12 efihlekile.
Izimbali ze "Valentina" zithandana, ngakho-ke lesi sivini esimnandi asidingi izinhlobo ze-pollinator.
U-Amethyst Novocherkassky, u-Angelica no-Aladdin nabo banembali engavamile.
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwe-air okungezansi kune -22 ° С. Ngeziqhwa ezinzima kakhulu, ingxenye yezinso zingase ziqedwe, ezisongela kakhulu ukuvunwa kwekusasa. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukufudumala amagilebhisi ebusika.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekunqandeni kokuwa kanye namagatsha aqinile amagciwane, bese kuthi amanzi amaningi aphuze futhi agubungele isihlahla. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, isihlahla siboshwe esihlokweni sokumboza, saguqa phansi sigcwele umhlaba.
Izinhlobo ezifana no-Isabella, Crystal noMarcelo zidinga indawo yokuhlala.
Izinhlobonhlobo azithandi umswakama obuningi.
Ukuphuza kuyadingeka kuphela entwasahlobo naleso sikhathi lapho amajikijolo eqala ukuthulula ijusi. Isikhumba sezithelo ze- "Valentina" sincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma ukuchelela noma ngesikhathi semvula enamandla, kuvame ukuqhuma. Ngenxa yalokho, impilo, izinga lokuthutha nokuhamba kwelolu hlobo linciphile.
Njengoba izihlahla zamagilebhisi "i-Valentine" zikhula ngokuqinile, zidinga isikhala esikhulu sokuthuthukiswa okuvamile. Uhlelo oluhle lokutshala amahlathi - amamitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-6. Ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kumele kube okungenani amamitha amathathu ukusuka emhlabathini, njengoba izimpande zamagilebhisi zingena ngaphakathi.
Ezihlukahlukene ezihlwanyelwe "i-Valentine" Kunconywa entwasahlobo. Ukunakekela amagilebhisi kufana nezinye izinhlobo: ukuchelela, ukusika izihlahla, ukufaka umquba kanye nokuhlanganisa. Kusukela kumanyolo, amagilebhisi akhetha amaminerali (superphosphate, i-potash usawoti) kanye nemvelo (umuthi womuthi, umquba).
Isithombe
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ama-Valentine amagilebhisi abesabi ukubola, abe nokuphikisana okuphakathi kwe-oidium nokuphikisa okuhle isikhutha. Ngokunqotshwa kwehlathi nge-oidium, i-gray-white bloom ivela emaqabungeni, okugcina ekudluleleni abe ama-inflorescences namaqoqo. Ngamahlumela aqinile anqotshwayo ahlanganiswa ngesikhunta futhi avela emahlathini ashisayo njengezinhlanzi ezibolile. I-Oidium ingabhubhisa iningi lesitshalo.
Ungakwazi ukulwa nalesi sifo ngosizo lwezindlela ezilula ze-agrotechnical nangokusitshala isitshalo ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Lapho ukhathalela amagilebhisi, kubalulekile ukuthi ungavumeli ukuqina okuqinile kwezihlahla futhi ubanikeze umoya omuhle.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlunga njalo amahlumela, ususe izingane zokutholwa bese ubopha umvini. Inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo kufanele ikhululwe njalo futhi ingenaso ukhula.
Ukuvikela nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa njenge-sulfur colloidal, "Strobe", "Thanos", "Skor", "Bayleton", "Topaz", "Horus". Ukucubungula izitshalo kuchitha kathathu ngenkathi ngayinye: entwasahlobo lapho kuqhutshwa amahlumela amancane 15 cm, ngaphambi kokusila kanye nesikhathi sesithelo esibekwe esigabeni sepea. Ukuze unciphise inani lama-causative agents we-oidium, kuphakanyiswa ukuguqulwa kwamagilebhisi ekwindla - emva kokuvuna.
Izitshalo ezithinteka yi-oidium, amaqabunga kanye namaqoqo ezitshalo kumele zisuswe futhi zishiswe ukuze zimise ukusabalalisa kwesifo.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo ezivuthiwe zomvini - i-anthracnose, i-chlorosis, i-bacteriosis ne-rubella ngeke ilimaze izitshalo.
Noma yikuphi ukuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi kungahlaselwa yizinambuzane, futhi i-Valentine ayikho into ehlukile.
I-Phylloxera, i-pruritus yamagilebhisi, isicabucabu, ama-leafworm - akuwona wonke uhlu lwezinambuzane ezinobungozi eziyingozi esitshalweni. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyasebenza ukuvikela izilokazane:
- ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza amaqabunga awile, ukukhipha izingxenye ezimele ezitshalweni;
- Ukunciphisa izihlahla zokuphumula okuhle;
- ukuhlanza kanye nokubhujiswa kwamagxolo asekuqaleni, lapho izinambuzane zingasebenzisa khona ubusika;
- ukubamba izibungu nezinambuzane;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane ezizuzisa ezondla izinambuzane.
Ngokunqotshwa kwezihlahla ezisetshenziselwa izidakamizwa zokuxhumana noma isenzo se-systemic:
- I-Phylloxera. Ngendlela ye-phylloxera, i-Confidor, i-Actellic, i-Zolon isetshenziswa. Ngokunqotshwa kwezimpande kusiza ukukhukhula okuncane kwesimiso sesivini ngamanzi amaviki angu-8. Indlela ehlukumezeka kakhulu ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele zonke izihlahla ezigxilwe kulesi sifo. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvikela ngokumelene nezinambuzane ikhula ngamagilebhisi ku-rootstock-resistant rootstock.
- Isibungu se-spider Ukuvimbela umuthi ukukhipha isikhathi sokhula ngesikhathi esihlahleni samagilebhisi, lapho izinambuzane zikhula khona. Ukubhubhisa inkathazo kuhlanzwa izitshalo "Fufanon" noma "Iskra-M". Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngoMeyi. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukupuniza ngamalungiselelo anesulfure, okusebenza kahle kakhulu ekushiseni kwe-22 ° C nangaphezulu.
- I-pruritus yamagilebhisi Ukuze uvikele ngokumelene nokuluma, ama-acaricides asetshenziselwa "Neoron", "Sunmite", "Omite", "Talstar", "Aktellik" nama-sulfur. Ukucubungula kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasekupheleni.
- Listovertka. Amalungiselelo Spark-D, Konfidor, Fury, Kinmiks, Sherpa, Komandor basize ukulwa nale nkathazo. Ukuphalaza kwezitshalo kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukuhlanza izihlahla ekuwa nasekuseni kusuka emgodini omdala nokushisa okulandelayo kuphumelela kakhulu ekulwa nemifucumfucu - kuze kufike kuma-70% ama-pupae ebusika wezinambuzane ezibhubhisayo.
Ezweni elicebile esihlabathini, i-phylloxera ayihlali.
Amagilebhisi amnandi "i-Valentine" enesikhumba esincane esicindezelekile afana nokudla ama-wasps. Ukushaya kalula amajikijolo avuthiwe nokudla emaspini abo asemanzi, bayakwazi ukubhubhisa iningi lesitshalo.
Izinyathelo eziphumelela kakhulu zokulwa nezinambuzane ziyizicupho ngejusi, isiraphu noma ubhiya, ezibekwe eceleni kwesayithi, izigqoko ezikhethekile kumaqoqo kanye nokubhujiswa kwezidleke ze-wasp.
Izinyoni nazo zithanda ukudla amagilebhisi avuthiwe. Izinyoni zezinambuzane zikhetha ukudla kuphela ijusi elisha, ngakho-ke njalo lapho zihlaba amajikijolo amasha, izithelo ezilimazayo ngokushesha zihlasela ama-wasps. Vikela isitshalo ezinyoni ngokusebenzisa ama-rattles, izibuko izinto kanye nabasabisayo. Kodwa lezi zinyathelo zinikeza umphumela wesikhashana, njengoba izinyoni zijwayele ukuzijwayeza. Njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa, amagilebhisi avikelwe kakhulu kunayo wonke ngeetha elikhethekile lezinyoni, elihlanganisa isivini.
Lapho ukhetha amagilebhisi ngesakhiwo sakho, qaphela izinhlobonhlobo ze-Valentine. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyakwazi ukuletha ukuvunwa okucebile kwamajikijolo amnandi njalo ngonyaka.
