Ubuhle obukhulu - ama-plum ase-Chinese "i-Orlovskaya iphupho"

Izinhlobo zaseShayina Amapulazi angadini awaziwa kakhulu ngabalimi, ngoba ukuzalela eMpumalanga Ekude kuncane kakhulu.

Kodwa wanquma ukuthenga izinhlobo ezincane ezaziwa manje ezincane ze-Chinese Iphupho lika-Oryol akazange azizisole.

Isihlahla sinamandla kakhulu, asikhuli ngokungaqondisi, ukuqina ukutshala, siqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithathu. Futhi kuhle kangakanani ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho kungekho amaqabunga aluhlaza okwamanje, futhi amagatsha kakade agcwele izimbali ezinjengeziqhumane ezimhlophe.

Incazelo ye plum "Orlovskaya dream"

I-Plum "Oryol iphupho" incazelo yezihlukahlukene. Ngaphakathi izinso ngokuvamile izimbali ezingu-3-4, imiqhele ibeka eduze amagatsha, okwakuyiminyaka embalwa edlule i-plum yaseChina nayo ibizwa nangokuthi "ipulazi emithathu".

Ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMeyi, izimbali Ukukhishwa kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene ngoMeyi 10-14 kuyinto umhlobiso wangempela wensimu onosiko esingenakusho. Iyajabulisa abathandi nokuvuna.

I-plum yabantu abadala idlula ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-3, ngokuvamile ayikho ngaphezu kwe-2 - 2, ama-5 wamamitha.

Ukusakaza umqhele unomumo wepiramidi. Akunamandla kakhulu futhi aphakeme ngaphezu komhlaba.

Bark scaly, brown, on amahlumela abasha abushelelezi futhi elula. Ama-lentils abonakala ngokucacile emahlumela amancane, amancane futhi awaphefumuli ngaphezu kwendawo. Amafihledi anesimo esivamile soqobo, amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ashelelekile futhi aphikisiwe kancane, anezinhlamvu.

Scape - 1, 5 cm, enezikhala ze-pigment. Izimbali ziyathakazelisa kakhulu: izikhala zazo zimhlophe, zithintana, futhi inhlamba ye-pistil, amasentimitha angu-6 ubude, ihamba kancane ngaphezu kwe-anther (ama-stamens angaba ngu-5 cm ubude).

Izinkomishi zezimbali njengezinsimbi, izithelo ze-cherry zaseChina ezihlungwini zezimbali. Izithelo zephupho le-Oryol lizungezile, cishe ngamamitha ayizi-35 ukuphakama, enesisindo esingaphezu kuka-30 amagremu. Ukubala komuthi kuyinto enhle kakhulu - ensundu nge-violet ukukhanya futhi njengokungathi kuhlanganiswe ukuhlaselwa kwe-wax.

I-Plums Ziyiphunga kakhulu, ama-pulp awo anomuncu - amnandi, anezinyosi, ama-fibrous, aphuzi nombala obomvu.

Isithombe

Izithombe ze-plums "i-Orlovskaya iphupho" zinikezwe ngezansi:

Umlando wokuzala

Izinhlobonhlobo ezitholakala ngokukhetha izithombo zesiPhina "u-Alenushka" ngemva kokuvota impova yamahhala.

Yakhiwe e-All-Russian Research Institute yokukhiqiza izithelo zezithelo futhi ifakwe kwiRejista Yombuso yeCentral Black Earth Region.

Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene

"Oryol iphupho" - izinhlobonhlobo zezinhloso zetafula. I-plum bone yezithelo i-oval, kunzima ukuhlukanisa no-pulp, isisindo sayo singamaphesenti angu-2 ngesisindo se-berry.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyiziqu ezincane, kodwa izitshalo ezilodwa noma ngaphezulu ezinhlobonhlobo noma ezinye izinhlobo ensimini aziphazamisi: ngoba iplamu, ukuzakhela ukukhiqiza kuyisici esingapheli.

Ukuvunwa okuhle, iplamu ikhula kakhulu ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izithelo zivuthiwe phakathi no-Agasti.

Naphezu kokumelana nesithwathwa, lokhu kuhlukahluka ukwesaba ama-frosts entwasahlobo, okungabhubhisa umbala.

Ngokucophelela kulula ukuthola isivuno esihle kakhulu. Kodwa kuba enye yezingqinamba Iphupho lika-Oryol: inqwaba yezithelo ithinta usayizi wabo, i-berry iyancipha.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Uma uhlwanyela lokhu okuhlukahlukene esihlalweni sakho, cabanga ukuthi uyakuthanda:

• ukukhanya;
• inhlabathi enesihlabathi kanye ne-humus;
• izindawo eziphakeme.

Ukubhubhisa iplamu yakho inga:

• i-waterlogging;
• i-podprevanie;
• umoya;
• ukuqhakaza kuqala;
• ukuntuleka kwe-pollinator.

Ukufika:

1. Emgodini wokufika (kufanele ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili, okungenani izinsuku ezingu-14 ngaphambi kokutshala, noma okungcono - ekwindla) 60-80 amasentimitha ubude, amasentimitha angu-50 ububanzi, uthele uhlaka lwamanzi angu-20 cm: lokhu kungase kube yincithakalo, ubumba obunwetshiwe, kanye nezinsika.
2. Bese uthele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi: engeza izingxenye ezintathu ze-humus ne-1 ingxenye yesihlabathi kuya ezingxenyeni ezintathu ze-sod.
3. Faka isigxobo maphakathi nomgodi (lokhu kuzokusiza ukwenza ukuhlelwa kwembewu kube njalo).
4. Faka umquba ngesimiso esihle (okungenani okungenani amagatsha amathathu kuya kwangu-4 ama-40-50 amasentimitha ubude) ngokuyibeka ngokucophelela ekugcineni, eqondisa izimpande futhi kancane kancane efafaze inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ukuze ivumelane ngokuqinile futhi ingaphuli izimpande, iboshelwe isikhonkwane.
5. Engeza umanyolo, bese umhlaba ovamile futhi, ukuze ungashisi.
6. Qinisekisa ukuthi intamo impande ingamamentimitha angu-5-7 ngaphezulu komhlaba, lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukunqoba.
7. I-ammonium nitrate, i-superphosphate, i-potassium chloride izosiza ukuhlala esitshalweni esincane.
8. Nisela amanzi kahle umuthi phakathi nonyaka wokuqala, uchithe okungenani ngaphansi kwebhakede lamanzi.

Ungatshala iplamu entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kodwa iphupho le-Oryol likhetheka entwasahlobo, ngokushesha nje lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuvuvukala.

I-sapling, ethengwe ekwindla, ingaba yi-prikopat esiqhingini kanye nesembozo ebusika, ukuze ama-frost angalimazi.

Gweba umuthi owandisa ngale ndlela ngaphambi kokutshala.

Eminyakeni yokuqala engu-2-3, udinga ukusika amagatsha akhula ngokuqinile, amahlumela ashisayo, ukukhula okuncane. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukubunjwa komqhele wesihlahla sesithelo esizayo kubalulekile. Yondla izithombo zakho nge-nitrogen umanyolo izikhathi eziningana ehlobo. Ngezinye izikhathi umuthi ugcwele umquba, kodwa ukwenze ngokucophelela, ukuze ungashisi.

Izitshalo ezincane ngoba ebusika kungcono ukumboza ngendwangu, ukuxaka ukuze kungabikho amaqabunga namanxeba.

Esikhathini esizayo, umuthi we-fruiting uzodinga kuphela ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kweplamu, ukusika izihlahla, ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi kanye nokususwa kwamagatsha amadala, amahlamvu kanye nokhula.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Esinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu ze-plums - klesterosporiozu (iyindawo ephikisiwe) Iphupho le-Oryol lizinzile, lifakwe ohlwini lwazo ezihlukahlukene.

I-Polystigmatosis (indawo ebomvu) amaqabunga angase avele emaqabeni amancane anezindawo eziphuzi noma ezibomvu, okwanda njengoba ukhukhu lukhula. Izihlahla ezigulayo yizithelo ezimbi.

Eminyakeni ngemiswakama ephezulu, lesi sifo siphuthuma ngokushesha.

Ukuze uvikeleke, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokunakekelwa, ususe amagatsha endala, amaqabunga angaphansi kwezihlahla ashise, ungavumeli umkhuhlane ubusika ensimini yakho.

Uma umuthi ugula, abalimi abaningi basebenzisa i-Bordeaux ingxube, iStrobe, i-Fundazole, ehlongozwayo nezitshalo.

Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziyingozi kwi-Oryol iphupho kukhona amaqabunga amaqabunga, inundu, ama-scythworm, i-nun silkworm kanye nabanye.

Ngemuva kwezimbali, phatha izihlahla ngezindlela ezingu-0.2% ze-karbofos noma i-chlorophos.

Eyingozi kunezimbewu ezinomuthi ohlelweni lomuthi omncane. Uma ama-plums akho amancane eqala ukunqoba izintuthwane, uthele i-lime evamile ku-anthill bese uyimboza ngamanzi.

Kusuka ezinambuzane ingadi yakho izogcina izinyathelo ezinjalo:

1. Ukudubula nokushisa kwamagatsha awonakele, ukumba umhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhluma kwemifino ye-codworm, ama-aphid, ama-sawflies.
2. Ukususwa kwama-ovarie abonakalisiwe futhi awile ngemuva kokuba izimbali ziphelile, zizosindisa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane.
3. Ukuvuna kwe-autumn kwamahlamvu, amagatsha, amagxolo omisiwe, ukumba umhlabathi nakho kuzovikela ngokubonakala kwezinambuzane entwasahlobo.

Umhluzi we-anyanisi ikhasi, izinhlamba eziqongweni eziluhlaza zamazambane, ama-dandelions ne-yarrow azibekezeli ama-aphid.

Phatha izihlahla zakho nganoma iyiphi yalezi zixazululo ukuze i-plum sap ingadonseli lezi zinambuzane ezincane, cishe ezingabonakali.

I-decoction yezinyosi ze-utamatisi, ingxube yamanzi nomuthi wokhuni, nokwehliswa kwesinaphi kuzokwenza ama-sawflies ahambe.

Isihlungu somhlonyane siwusizo kunoma iyiphi insimu. Ukumnika kwawo kusindisa kusuka enundu. Futhi uma ushiya izitshalo ezimbalwa eduze kwanoma yiziphi izihlahla zezithelo, iphunga lengotshani liyokwesaba ezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi.

Kubalimi Iplamu yamaShayina i-Orlovskaya iphupho kungaba ukutholwa kwangempela. Elandelwa ezindaweni eziningi, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlobisa izivande ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho ezinye izihlahla nezihlahla zivuka nje, ziphikisana kahle nezifo futhi, ngokunakekelwa kahle, zikhiqiza kakhulu.

Abaningi besaba ukungazi kahle kwezihlobo ezintsha. Kodwa ukunakekelwa okuncane nokunakekelwa, ukutshala nokukhathalela zonke izici ezihlukahlukene - futhi Iphupho lika-Oryol uzoba ngumbono wephupho lakho mayelana ne-plum yakho ehlukahlukene oyintandokazi.