Izinhlobo ze-Apple tree Ostankino - kakhulu ezihlukahlukene ezithandwa futhi eziphila kahle ze-apula. Akudingi isikhala esiningi, yingakho kuhle kumadini angasese.
Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa okuhlukile kunqubo yokunakekela izinhlobo ezingekho ze-coliform zezihlahla zezithelo.
Uhlobo luni?
I-Kolonovidny apple ehlukahlukene i-Ostankino ibhekisela kuwo ekwindla yokuvuthwa izinhlobo. Amathumbu alungele ukususwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ukugcina izinga liphakeme, ama-apula anakekelwa kahle angagcinwa kuze kube nguJanuwari-Febhuwari.
Ithiphu: Ukuze izithelo zilale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, kunconywa ukuthi uzibeke esitokisini ngokushesha emva kokususwa esihlahleni. Gcina esitsheni esihlukile, esisegumbini noma engaphansi.Ukushisa ekamelweni akufanele kuwele ngezansi, kungcono uma ku-0-2 ° C.
Ukuvota. I-Ostankino yenziwe ngokwayo, ayidingi izihlahla zokuvundisa.
Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Ostankino
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-Ostankino kwaziwa njengenye yeyokuqala Izihlahla zezithelo zemifino e-Colonoid.
Ngesikhathi esivuthiwe, umuthi we-apula wase-Ostankino ifinyelela kumamitha amabili, i-trunk ifaniswe njengekholomu, njengoba ikhula ikhule ngokugcwele izitshalo eziveza izithelo.
Inomuthi onzima kakhulu futhi onzima kakhulu, awunqamuki ngesikhathi sokuhluma ngaphansi kwesisindo sesitshalo, ngisho nalapho uletha inqwaba yezithelo. Unamaqabunga amakhulu amakhulu. Amahlamvu anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubuso bukhanya, emaphethelweni angama-crenate.
Naphezu kwezinhlobo ezincane ezincane, izithelo ze-Ostankino zinezinga eliphakathi nendawo enkulu. Isisindo esilinganisweni se-apula ngu-150 g, kodwa kunezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Ngenhla eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isithelo sinomusa omuhle omuncu omuncu omuncu kanye nephunga elimnandi. Kuyaphawuleka lokho umbala wangaphandle wesithelo unombala ophuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Isithombe
Qaphela ngokucacile ukuhlukahluka kwe-apple i-Ostankino ingaba esithombeni ngezansi:
Umlando wokuzala
I-Apple Ostankino ibhekwa njengenye ye-apula-tree cultivar yokuqala etshalwa eRussia. Izinhlobo ze-Apple zasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa. Izihlahla eziningi ze-apula nama-apple we-Vazhak. Ukuhamba ngokuphumelelayo futhi, ngokufanayo, ukubukeka kwesihlahla sama-apula, i-V.V. Isi-Chinese ngo-1974. Izinhlobonhlobo zokwehlukanisa ngokusemthethweni zabe ngo-2002
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Izinhlobo ze-Apple Ostankino zitholakala ngempumelelo kulo lonke elaseRussia, e-Ukraine naseBelarus. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwe-apula lungatholakala esifundeni saseMoscow, eSamara, e-Perm. Hlanganisa kahle kuzo zonke izifundalapho kunomhlabathi omnyama.
Okuthakazelisayo: Izinhlobo ze-Apple tree Ostankino - ubusika obuhlukahlukene obusikangakho-ke uhlangana ezindaweni zaseSiberia.
Ukuthela
Izinhlobonhlobo i-Ostankino ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo ze-apulale. Isikhathi sokuvuna siphelile ekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ukulimala okusebenzayo kuqala ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokutshala imbewu, kanti isivuno esiphezulu somuthi siwela eminyakeni emi-5-6.
Eminyakeni evamile, inani lezitshalo ezivunyiwe lifinyelela ku-10 kg emthini owodwa, ngesikhathi sonyaka ophumelelayo futhi uma ulandela zonke izincomo zokunakekelwa, ungafinyelela isivuno se-16 kg. Ukuvuthwa njalo, njengalokho, "ukuphumula" ekuvuthweni kwezithelo emthini akudingekile, kodwa ivolumu yokuvuna ingahluka kakhulu ngonyaka nonyaka.
Noma kunjalo, i-Ostankino ibeka izithelo ngezimo ezihlukahlukene zezulu ngokuphumelelayo futhi ayixhomeke enani lezinyosi zokuvotela.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Njengoba umuthi we-apulas ostankino ungokwezilwane ezihlukahlukene, inqubo yokutshala nokunakekelwa ihlukile ngokungafani okufanayo nemithi ejwayelekile yama-apula.
Okuthakazelisayo: Ukutshala i-Ostankino kungaba yimbi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-apula, ngoba I-Ostankino ayinikezi amagatsha.
Ibanga eliphansi phakathi kwezihlahla lingama-40x40 cm. Kude, ngaphezu kuka-120x120 kokuqukethwe kwe-Ostankino asikho isidingo.
Uma ukutshala kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi yayifakwe emanzini amaningi ngokwanele. Kunconywa ukwenza umquba kanye nomquba. Umgodi owodwa uzodinga cishe amalitha amabili alowo nalowo umanyolo.
Khumbula: Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa kakhulu ukutshala izihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo ngemuva kokushisa kwesimo sezulu esibanda. Izikhathi zokufika eziphakanyisiwe zivela ngo-Ephreli 10 kuya ku-June.Uma kungcono kakhulu ukutshala ekwindla, khona-ke izinsuku ezilungile ziyi: August 20 - Okthoba 15. Khetha indawo enomoya, ngoba Izihlahla ze-Apple ngezinye izikhathi aziphikisi ukuqina kwamandla aphezulu nokuphuka.
Endleleni yokutshala kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngokungazelelwe ukujula insipho yezimpande (indawo lapho i-trunk iya ezimpandeni).
Uma ugoba imbobo, hlukanisa ungqimba ophezulu, kusukela uyona ovuthiwe kakhulu. Yilokho okuzodinga ukuxuba imixube yomanyolo bese uthele phansi emgodini wokutshala.
Ithiphu: Uma utshala i-apula ikholomu, asikho isidingo sokwengeza umanyolo wamaminerali emgodini. Ngoba insimu yesimiso sempande ayikwakhiwa ngokuphelele futhi ngeke nje ikwazi ukungenisa izithako zamaminerali.
Emva kokufaka umquba emgodini, ukuwuthululela ngokucophelela ngomhlaba, kuvunyelwe ukuthulisa kancane lesi sitshalo - ngakho inhlabathi isatshalaliswe kangcono ohlelweni lwempande. Thepha isihlahla emgodleni bese uwuthululela.
Ukunisela
Ehlobo, izinsuku ezishisayo, i-Ostankino kufanele iphuze kanye njalo emva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, emazingeni aphezulu okushisa ngemva kokuba inhlabathi isomile.
Ngonyaka wokutshala i-apula kunethuba lokuthi lesi sihlahla sizoqala ukuqhakaza. Kubalulekile ngalesi sikhathi ukusika zonke iziqu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izitshalo ze-fruiting ezingazange zithathe izimpande ziyophela kuphela, futhi uhlelo lwempande luyokhula kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalokho, ungathola isitshalo esiphansi, esibuhlungu. Ngesikhathi isihlahla se-apula singakwazi ukuthela izithelo ngaphandle kokuzibophezela, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi zonke izimbali ezivela kuma-haystacks azikali izithelo ezikhona.
Ngakho ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu kanye namaapula amakhulu enempilo, kuyadingeka ukuba unqunywe kwi-inflorescences (iqembu lamafihledi amaningana) zonke izimbali, ngaphandle kokubili noma ezintathu. Yilokho okwesithathu esikhathini esizayo kuyoba izithelo ezinomusa.
Tinning
Uhlelo lwempande e-Ostankino luseduze nomhlaba. Kule ndaba, ngesikhathi kusetshenzwa imibhede, ungalimaza ngengozi izimpande.
Tinning - lokhu kuhlwanyela izitshalo ezihlukahlukene (okunconywayo okusanhlamvu) ezungeze isiqu. Lezi zihlahla uzodinga ukuhlwanyela njengoba zikhula.
Ithiphu: Ukuze uvikele ingadi yakho ezinambuzane, ungatshala i-dill, ugwayi, i-marigolds, i-melissa.
Ukudubula
Ukudubula i-apula kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukusika izihlahla njalo kuzovumela umuthi wakho ukuba ungachithi amandla futhi ugcine isimo esifanele.
Akudingekile ukuba udlule, ngoba ngokunciphisa umuthi, njengokungathi, ukumelana, kuzokwenza izinqubo ezingadingekile nakakhulu. Ngamagatsha abuthakathaka, ungakwazi ukumane uphonse phezulu.
Kubalulekile: Egatsheni elifuthiwe, kufanele ushiye isakhiwo lapho kukhula khona amahlumela amathathu kuya kwahlanu. Uma lesi sihlahla singaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala, kudingeke ukuthi kube neziqu ezimbili kuphela.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Milky luster
Ukukhazimula okuthakazelisayo kuthinta zonke izindawo zomuthi futhi yisinye sezifo ezibi kakhulu zezihlahla zezithelo. Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kungabonakala emaqabunga. Uma kungelashwa ngesikhatsi, lesi sifo siya emanzini nasezinkuni. Phakathi nalesi sifo, iminyango yomoya ivela ezingxenyeni zomuthi, ngemva kwalokho leyo ndawo igciwane iqala ukufa kancane kancane.
Kubalulekile: Qaphela ngokucophelela i-apple ngesihlahla sasebusika, ngoba kungenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa eliphansi libonakala futhi liqala ukuqhubeka.
Ukwelashwa: Uma lesi sifo sesivele sitholakale esitshalweni sakho, izindawo ezimele zimele zisuswe, futhi isiqu kufanele siphofwe nge-agent ebulala amagciwane (akunandaba ukuthi) kanjani. Kubuye kunconywa ukuthi kukhishwe umquba omhlophe phansi. Ungakhohlwa ukushisa izindawo ezithintekile.
Ukushisa amabhaktheriya
Lesi sifo sibonakala ekumnyama kwamaqabunga, emva kwezimpawu zokuqala, amaqabunga aqala ukulahlekelwa phansi ngokushesha, ahlehle futhi aphule. Isakazwa ngokutshala kabusha izithombo ezintsha.
Ukwelashwa: Susa noma yikuphi amaqabunga awonakele bese uwashisa. Hlebhulisa ngokucophelela yonke imishini yensimu futhi uqhubeke ukhetha izinto zokutshala ngokucophelela. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uhlaziye amagciwane emhlabathini ngomuthi "Ikhaya" (80 amagremu ngalinye ibhakede lamanzi). Kumamitha ayizikwele eyodwa kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngamalitha amabili esisombululo. Izindawo lapho ususe khona izindawo ezithintekile, gcoba nge-mhluzi wensimu.
Scab
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi i-Ostankino ayinqabile ukukhwabanisa, kepha ukutheleleka kusengabonwa kwezinye izihlahla.
Isikhumba sibonakala njengamabala emthini nezithelo, umbala womonakalo unobundu noma umnqumo. Ukungqubuzana kwe-scungal scungal ehlathini kwenzeka emaqabunga angazange avunwe kusukela ekwindla.
Ukwelashwa: ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlamvu, umuthi kufanele uphathwe nge-sulfate yethusi. Ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - nge-3% ye-Bordeaux liquid; emva kokuchichima, i-apula isetshenziswe yiyo, kepha i-1%. Inyanga eyodwa emva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ufafaza isihlahla nge-zineb, phthalan noma i-captan.
Uma uthenga i-Ostankino apula isithombo sembewu, kudingeka ulungele ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo kuzodingeka zinikeze isikhathi esincane kunezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Akukho lutho olulukhuni ekunakekeleni isihlahla sama-apula, kodwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela.
Kodwa-ke, uma uthola izihlahla eziningi ezinjalo futhi uzihlinzekele ngokucophelela, qiniseka ukuthi - I-Ostankino izokunikeza izithelo ezinomsoco nezempilo. isikhathi sonke sasebusika.
