Iglitsa (Ruscus) - isitshalo esihlala njalo esihlwanyelwe esivela emndenini we-Asparagus noma iLiliaceae.
Kunezinhlobo ezingu-7, inamba enkulu kunazo zonke ekhula e-UK, eMedithera, eCaucasus naseCrimea.
Phakathi kwabo 3 izinhlobo yiziqu futhi zivikelwe.
Ekhaya, eRussicus ayibangeli inkathazo enkulu. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, izimbiza zezitshalo zingafakwa ebhodini noma engadini.
Incazelo yesitshalo sasekhaya
Amaqabunga namagatsha we-iglitsa banesakhiwo esithakazelisayo kakhulu. Amaqabunga ayancishisiwe futhi acishe angabonakali, ngoba amafilimu afana ne-scale. Umsebenzi we-Photosynthesis yenza I-phylloclade yizihlumela eziyisikhumba, ezifana namaqabunga ekubukeni. Zakhula zibe ngu-2 cm ubude.
Ama-inflorescences avela kuma-phylloclade, aqukethe ama-florets amancane. Endaweni yabo uvuthwe round amajikijolo. Ngokuvamile banombala obomvu obomvu noma obomvu. Ngesikhathi isikhathi eside Esikhathini isitshalo kokubili izimbali nezithelo.
Iglitsa ibhekisela ezitshalweni ze-dioecious. Ku-shrub kukhona izimbali ezingavunyelwe ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwabantu abesilisa nabesifazane kanye nezidalwa zenyama ezidalwa impova ngesikhathi semvula noma amazolo. Amaconsi ageleza athwala impova kusuka ezimbali zamadoda kuya kubafazi.
Izithelo zaseRuscus zidliwayo kanye namahlumela amancane. Imbewu isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ikhofi esikhundleni. Futhi, zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko. Ezinye zezilwane zisetshenziselwa ukudla okuyisilwane. ENgilandi, kwenziwa imishanguzo esuka eRussicus.
Muva nje, inani lezitshalo ezikhulayo zasendle liye lancipha kakhulu.
Encwadini ebomvu babekwe ohlwini lwezinhlobo ezintathu: Colchis (R. Colchicus), Okulinganiselwe (R. Hypoglossum) futhi I-Hyrcanus (i-R. Hyrcanus).Ngenxa yalokhu, i-iglitsa yayisetshenziselwa ukutshala izilimo zezitshalo, futhi yakhula njengesitshalo se-potted ekhaya.
Ukubukwa Nezithombe
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezithandwa kakhulu.
Colchis
Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kuka-45-55 cm. Siye sakha siqukethe ama-phylloclade amakhulu avuliwe, asho kancane. Izansi ezitholakala ngokuphambene, futhi ezingenhla zihlukile.
Ama-inflorescences avela eceleni kwe-phylloclades. Amajikijolo avuthwe kahle kakhulu, angaba ngu-10 mm ububanzi, obomvu obomvu. Ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu emibili. Ama-inflorescences ayaqhakaza phakathi nezinyanga zasekwindla nasebusika. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo izithelo zikaColchis zishaya uvuthwe.
Amahlathi e-Coniferous kanye nama-deciduous akhula endle, futhi abuyele emagodini. Ikhetha ubumba noma i-loamy, inhlabathi enomswakama kahle. Isakazwe yinzalo noma isigaba se-rhizome. UColchis Iglitsa ubhalwe ohlwini eNcwadini Ebomvu. Ngezansi kwesithombe kubonisa i- "Kolkids iglitz":
I-Pontic (i-prickly, i-prickly)
Izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo zikhula kusuka ku-60 cm kuya ku-1 m. Zigxile ngeziqu zesikhumba, i-lanceolate, i-phylloclade encane. Izimbali ezincane ziqhakaza kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli Izithelo, ububanzi buka 8-10 mm, zivuthwe ngoDisemba.
Indawo yendalo - umjunipha namahlathi ephayini, amadwala. Isimo somhlabathi asikwenzeki ngokukhethekile. I-prickly iglitsa isakaza ngendlela yemifino, kanye nembewu.
Lezi zinhlobo zisetshenziswa kakhulu emithi yokwelapha. Izitho zomzimba kanye nezinhlayiya zokunakekelwa kwezilwane zithinta ukungeneli kwe-venous, imithi ye-varicose, isifo sokuqina kwesifo somzimba, i-arthritis, i-asthma ye-bronchial. I-Pontus (prickly, prickly) iglitz iboniswa esithombeni ngezansi:
Okulinganiselwe
I-Ruskus isihlahla esingapheli sikhula kuze kufike ku-40 cm. Isiqu esiphezulu sinama-lanceolate phylloclade enesikhumba. Ekude, bafinyelela ku-5-7 cm. Ngo-Meyi, izimbali ezingu-3-5 ziyaqhakaza kwi-phylloclade ngayinye. Izithelo zakha endaweni yazo, ngoDisemba ziba obomvu obomvu.
Ikhula emazweni aseYurophu Ephakathi, eMedithera nase-Asia Minor. Ikhetha inhlabathi eluhlaza yamahlathi noma amadwala.
U-Iglitsa ngeke alethe izinkinga eziningi ekunakekeleni, kodwa kubalulekile ukunamathela eminye imithetho. Esithombeni esingezansi ungabona ukuthi i-"Hyplycea" ibheka kanjani:
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
Ngemuva kokuthola uRussicus emakhazeni nasekhaya lokulethwa, unikezwa kahle.
Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha indawo efanele yokukhula okuphakade. Uma ukuthengwa kwezihlahla kuhlaselwa ezinyangeni zasehlobo, kungcono ukuthatha ibhodlela ebhodini noma engadini.
Indawo kumele ivikeleke ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Ukuqaphela kufanele kuhokhwe kumswakama womhlabathi. Uma kunesidingo, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14 kungadluliselwa embizeni entsha.
Ukudubula
Kubalulekile ukwenza ukusika njengokudingekayo.
Inaliti ye-potty iyancipha futhi ihlanzekile. Ukususwa okugunyaziwe kufanele kube amahlumela omisiwe.
Ama-twigs asetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izimbali.
KUBALULEKILE!Ukudubula amahlumela akukwazi ukuthathwa. Ngonyaka ungakwazi ukusika okungaphezu kwama-30% we-total mass mass of the plant.
Izitshalo ezinempilo ezinwetshiwe zisetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwemifino.
Ukunisela
Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, isikhathi sokukhula okujulile, ukuchelela kwenziwa okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto.
Ebusika kufanelekile ukwehla izikhathi ezingu-1-2.
Umhlabathi we Pot kufanele ube nomoya omanzi.
Ingxenye eluhlaza ye-shrub iphelelwe ngezikhathi ngamanzi ahlukanisiwe.
Lokhu ngeke nje kugcobe uthuli, kodwa kuzosiza ekwenzeni impova.
Futhi ukupuniza ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane.
Ukufika
Ukutshala, ungasebenzisa ingxube eselungisiwe yobumba ukuze uthole ulamula. Lapho ukupheka ngokwakho ku-2: 1: 1: 1 kuhlanganiswa:
- umhlaba we-sod
- peat
- humus,
- isihlabathi
Emathangi okutshala kufanele kube imigodi yamanzi. Kusukela shrub ayithandi ukuqhuma kwamanzi, phansi kuhlanganiswa ngendwangu enhle yobumba obanzi noma isitini esibomvu.
Ukufakelwa
Ruscus ayidingi ukufakelwa konyaka, kuphela uma kunesidingo.
Ukunikeza ifomu ekhethekile kusetshenziselwa ukufika okuhlukahlukene iziqukathi. Isibonelo
Ukufakelwa kususa wonke amahlumela omisiwe. Inqubo yokufakelwa, uma kunesidingo, kufanele kwenziwe ezinyangeni zentwasahlobo.
Ukukhula kusuka ensimini ekhaya
Le ndlela yokukhiqiza ingenye yezinzima kakhulu. Imbewu yokutshala kufanele ibe yintsha. Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu iyagxila futhi ifakwe Izinsuku ezingu-5-7 esiqandisini. Ebhokisini lokulinganisa elinomgca we-5-8 cm wathululela i-substrate yobumba. Ebusweni bomhlaba emisiwe imbewu futhi efafazwe ngesihlabathi, ungqimba olungaphezu kuka-1 cm. Faka ingilazi ebhokisini noma ngembozo ngefilimu futhi uqinisekise izinga lokushisa kwama-degree angu-19-21.
Ukuphalaza njalo nokuthulisa imbewu yembewu etshalwe. Imbewu ihluma kancane kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-10-12. Ngemva kokuba amahlumela akhule ngo-6-8 cm, kudingeka adonsele ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Ukuzala
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuzala - ukwahlukana kwe-rhizome.
Le nqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo. Abantu abadala, izihlahla ezigcwele.
Uma uhlukanisa i-rhizome, udinga ukwazi ukuthi kusuka kusigaba ngasinye esihlukanisiwe kufanele hamba amahlumela aluhlaza.
Ukushisa
I-Ruscus inhle iqala ekamelweni lokushisa. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo kunconywa ukuletha isitshalo emoyeni omusha, ngokwesibonelo, engadini noma kuloggia. Ibuye ibekezelele ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuya kuma-13 degrees. Kunezinhlobo ze-frost-resistant ezifanele izingadi zokulima, kanye ne-loggias namabhaloni.
Ukukhanyisa
Iglitsa uthanda ukukhanya okungafani nakho kukhula kahle emthunzini. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ushiye shrub ngaphansi kwemisebe eqondile yelanga, ama-phylloclade amancane angabhekana nawo. Ukubekwa okuphumelela kakhulu kumafasitela abheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga.
Zuza kanye nokulimala
Zonke izingxenye ze-iglitsa esetshenziswa emithi, kufaka phakathi abantu. Ukulungiswa kwe-tincture nama-decoctions ngezindawo zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-arthritis, i-arthrosis, ukululama umzimba. Futhi, i-tincture ye-iglitsy esetshenziselwa ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, ukuvimbela ukwakhiwa kwezindwangu zegazi.
UKUKHONA! Ngokuqapha, izidakamizwa ngesisekelo se-butt kufanele zisetshenziselwe abesifazane abakhulelwe nabantu ababhekene negazi eliphezulu.Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumana nodokotela.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ruscus - i-shrub eqinile futhi engavamile ukuveza izifo. Ngokuvamile imbangela yezifo zezitshalo iba ukunakekelwa okungalungile. Waterlogging inhlabathi ingabangela ukubola kwezingcambu zomculi, futhi umswakama obanele - ukuma.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezinkulu kakhulu ingozi ngoba izitshalo zimelela ama-scythe kanye nesicabucabu. Ukuziqeda, isitshalo sonke siphathwa ngesisombululo sezinambuzane. Lapho kucubungula ama-shrub kufanele ahambisane nemilayezo nemithetho yokuphepha.
Iglitsa - isitshalo esihle kakhulu futhi singavamile. Ezinye zezilwane zifakwe ohlwini eNcwadini Ebomvu. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi balesi sitshalo ngeke bajabulele ubuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi bavimbele ukunyamalala kwabo ngokuphelele.
