Izici zobuchwepheshe be-broilers ezikhulayo ekhaya

I-subspecies yama-broilers (noma iziphambano) ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zokuma kwenyama, okuthandwa kakhulu emapulazini avulekile nasemapulazini amakhulu. Izinzuzo zokuzalisa i-broiler zichazwa yisisindo sabo esisheshayo: ezinyangeni ezimbili umuntu ufika esisindo sokuhlambalaza.
Ukukhula nokugcina iziphambano kunemibono ehlukile ekuzaleni izikhukhula ezivamile. Ngenxa yalesi sihloko, sizofunda ukukhulisa ama-broilers ekhaya.

Izici, umehluko nokuxaka kokuqukethwe

I-broiler iyi-hybrid yenkukhu efuywayo ekhishwa lapho iwela izinhlobo eziningana. Iziphambano zihluke ezinyoni ezivamile ekuvuthweni kokuqala. Ngenxa yokuhlatshwa kokuqala, ama-broilers awaphili ekuqalisweni kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.

Eluhlu lwezinye izici zobuningi, zikhona:

• ubukhulu obukhulu (ama-roosters - kufika ku-6 kg, izinkukhu - 4-5 kg);
• amaphiko nezinyawo ezimfushane;
• ukuzuza okukhulu kwesisindo;
• umsebenzi obuthakathaka;
• isidingo esiphakeme sokudla.

Siza! Ngokungafani nezinkukhu ezifuywayo, ama-broilers asetshalwe ikakhulukazi emakamelweni. Le teknologi ekhulayo igcina ukukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ukunyakaza okuncane nokukhanya okukhulu - izimo eziyisisekelo zezempilo nokukhula kwabantu.

Ukuyinkimbinkimbi kokuqukethwe kuncike ezimfuno ezikhethekile zeziphambano kuya kwezimo ezizungezile. Izinkukhu kufanele zigcinwe egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingekho ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-30. Kusukela ngesonto lesibili, lesi sibalo sincishisiwe sibe ngu-26. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, kubalulekile ukuthi ukukhanya kwenkomo yenkukhu kuqhuma njalo (okuqinisekisa ukuthi inzuzo enesisindo).

Okudingekayo ukugcinwa ngendlela efanele ukuphuza umoya nokuhlanzeka, ngoba ama-broilers awahambeli okuningi, futhi ukuthungwa kwamanzi kubangela izifo eziyingozi kuzo.

Amagama ambalwa mayelana namadwala

Ngokuphambene nalokho okuvelayo, i-broiler ayiyona inzalo, kodwa i-subspecies. Unyaka ngamunye, abafuyi benza umsebenzi wokukhiqiza izinhlobo ezintsha ezikhiqizayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha izinyoni ezinkulu kunazo zonke, ezinamandla futhi ezinempilo. Ngonyaka owedlule izinhlobo ezingu-3 zenziwe.

1. I-COBB-500. Lezi zingqamuzana zifinyelela ukulinganisa okuncane okungenani emasontweni ayisithupha (isisindo sika 2-2.5 kg). Izici - isikhumba esiphuzi, ukumelana nezifo, izinga eliphezulu lokusinda. Izinkukhu zinama-paws amakhulu nesifuba esikhulu.
2. ROSS-308. Uhlobo luhlukaniswa ngokukhula okumangalisayo: usuku olulodwa inkukhu ithola ama-40-60 g. Inyama iyinhle kunaleyo ye-COBB, kodwa isifuba sikhulu futhi sinomzimba.
3. ROSS-708 - umholi kuhlu lwazo izinhlobo ezintsha. Intsha enyangeni yokuqala isisindo esingu 2.5 kg. Umbala wesikhumba une-tint ephuzi.

Ungakhetha kanjani amaqanda afanele?

Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zezitshalo ezikhulayo - ukhetho lweqanda eliphakeme eliphezulu lokufakelwa ukufakelwa. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukuthenga amaqanda ngocingo olulinganiselwe.ubudala bakhe akufanele kudlule iminyaka emibili (ubudala obuhle yizinyanga ezingu-8-10). Iqanda eliqhakazile linesimo esifanele, umthunzi ofanayo kanye nesisindo esijwayelekile. Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe amaqanda amasha afanayo - lokhu kuyisiqinisekiso sokubukeka kwesikhashana ngesikhathi samantombazane.

Ukuze ubeke esitokisini awukwazi ukuthatha amaqanda amakhulu - anegobolondo elincanyana, elingenza amaphutha amancane. Futhi ngokulimala okuncane ngaphakathi kwe-egg (kuya embryo) ukutheleleka kalula kungena.

Londoloza amaqanda ngaphambi kokufakwa ku-incubator angeke abe nesikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-3. Isikhathi eside sandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ukwehluka okuhlukahlukene empilweni yabasha. Kungcono ukuthi abalimi bezinkukhu bezinkukhu bangathengi amaqanda, kodwa izinkukhu zasendulo - lokhu kuzosindisa isikhathi, izimali namandla okuzimela ngokuzimela.

Amandla

Ukukhula kwabantu ngenyama kudinga ukuhambisana ngokugcwele nesimiso sokudla, ukhetho lokudla okunomsoco nokunamathela emahoreni omusi. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuzuza isisindo, iziphambano zidinga ukondla okuthuthukisiwe. Ukutshala kufanele kuqale kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwenkukhu. I-Millet namaqanda abilisiwe anganikezwa abasha; kusukela ngosuku lwesine lokuphila, imifino kanye nokwaziswa kumele kuqaliswe. Izinyoni ezindala zidla ukudla, imfucuza yokudla, izithasiselo zamaminerali.

Ukunakekelwa kweChick

Lapho ukhetha izinkukhu, kungcono ukuyeka ukukhetha kwakho kubantu abade sebebe nezinsuku ezingu-10 ubudala. Iziphambano zansuku zonke zinzima kakhulu ukubekezelela ukuhamba nokuzivumelanisa isikhathi eside nezimo ezintsha.

Ubudala kusukela ezinsukwini zero

Into yokuqala ukuthi izinkukhu kufanele zithole emva kokuqothula yi-sips embalwa yamanzi amnandi. Ku-1 litre lamanzi afudumele kufanele ahlanjululwe 1 tsp. ushukela namanzi izinkukhu. Khona-ke kufanele ubanike ingxenye yeqanda elibilisiwe. Isisekelo sokudla ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-5 yi-fat-fat cottage shizi, inhlanganisela yokudla namaqanda. Amakhadi we-potassium permanganate kufanele afakwe emanzini okuphuza. Ngokuhlukile, izikhathi ezimbili ngalesi sikhathi, amaphuphu kufanele anikezwe isisombululo se-glucose.

Izinsuku ezingu-10-20

Ukuphakela kokuqala kokuphakelayo komuntu ngamunye. Yinike izinkukhu ngendlela emanzi ngokufaka imifino, ibhotela le-yogurt (i-anyanisi isilinganiso bese ukondla 1:20). I-Chives ine-antiparasitic effect emathunjini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iphesenti yokuluhlaza ekudleni kufanele ikhule ku-10.

Ungaphinda uhlanganise izingxube ezichotshoziwe, izaqathe ezigayiwe ezikudla. Kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-10 udinga ukwenza umgomo wokulwa nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukuze kuvikelwe i-coccidosis ngosuku lweshumi nane, i-Baycox ifakwe emzimbeni (1 g ngalinye ngamalitha amabili amanzi).

Esikhathini esivela ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ukuya kwezingu-14 kungenzeka ukuthi icala elikhulu liphakeme. Ukuze uthole i-prophylaxis, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic izinsuku ezingu-4. Emanzini okuphuza kumele afake amaconsi amancane we-iodine. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwama-antibiotics, udinga ukuthatha ikhefu izinsuku ezingu-3, ​​bese unikeza izinkimbinkimbi ze-multivitamin kubantu ngabanye.

Izinkukhu zenyanga

Kule minyaka, izilwane ezincane zidluliselwa ku-feed granulated (ekubunjweni kwayo, okusanhlamvu, amaprotheni, amino acid). Imifino ayisusiwe ekudleni.

Okunye okumele kuhlanganiswe inhlanganisela yokudla okulungiselelwe ngokuzimela:

1. okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe (ukolweni, ibhali, i-peas ezinenani elilinganayo);
2. amafutha wezinhlanzi amancane;
3. inhlanzi noma ithambo lesidlo;
4. amaconsi ambalwa we whey ukuze ahlasele.

Hlanganisa izithako kuze kube bushelelezi. Bese ufaka imifino eqoshiwe (anyanisi, iklabishi, ulethisi) engxenyeni. Ukushisa okufanelekayo endlini izinkukhu zanyanga zonke zingama-degree angu-23, ubude bemini buyihora eli-14.

45-50 usuku ngabanye

Okungcono ukondla okusanhlamvu okuphelelenjengoba ukudla okuxubile kubonisa kabi ukunambitheka kwenyama. Thela okusanhlamvu emgodleni odingekayo kanye namagobolondo, umgodi. Njalo emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuhle ukupheka i-porridge kusuka ezinhlanzini ezincane, amakhambi, ukolweni (izingxenye ziqhubeka kuze kube amahora amathathu). Kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-45 kunqatshelwe ukunikeza ama-broilers noma imuphi umuthi.

Abakwa-broilers abadala ababeletha ekhaya

Kungenzeka ukuba ukhule ngabantu abadala ngezindlela eziningana, ngasinye esineziqu zayo. Ukugcinwa kwama-broilers kuvame ukusetshenziselwa amakheji noma izikhombe ezihlonyelwe ngokukhethekile.

Okuqukethwe kwamaseli

Ikhetho lifanelekile kakhulu ekuzaleni iziphambano endaweni encane (ezweni, egcekeni). Ama-Broilers anomunwe we-phlegmatic futhi ngokuvamile azizwa endaweni eqinile. Okuqukethwe komuntu oyedwa emgodini awuzuzi izimfuneko zokuhlanzeka nokuhlanzeka (uma umuntu ogula, ukutheleleka kusakaze kulo lonke umhlambi).

Ubuningi bokutshala ama-broilers emgodini kufanele kube kanje:

• izinkukhu - abantu abangu-18 nge-1 sq. m;
• izinyoni ezindala - izinhloko ezingu-9 nge-1 sq.m.

Kunconywa ukwenza amangqamuzana ukuthi agcine imikhawulo engu-3-5 kuwo. Egodini elilodwa ungagcina izinhloko ezingaphezu kuka-10. Izinyoni kufanele zibe nokufinyelela okukanye ngesikhathi ku-feeder. Namathisela odongeni langaphambili, ibhodlela lamanzi kufanele libekwe ngaphezu kwe-feeder. Qinisekisa ukuthi uzenze zisuswe ukuze uvumele ukuqhuma. Amaseli avunyelwe ukuba asetshenziswe kabusha, kodwa ngaphambi kokufaka ibhethri entsha kubalulekile ukuwacubungula nokuwabulala ngamagciwane.

Phaleni

I-shed ejwayelekile ilungele le ndlela, lapho ingxenye yendawo iboshelwe khona inetha elenziwe kahle. Abantu abangaphezu kwezingu-10 kufanele bafakwe ku-1 ipeni. Uma imfuyo inkulu, okweshumi ngasinye isigaba esihlukile senziwa. Ngaphakathi ipeni lihlomele abaphuza kanye nabasondeza. Iphansi linconywa ukuba lihlanganiswe ngxube le-sawdust, chips kanye ne-peat. Akudingekile ukusebenzisa utshani, ngoba kungabangela ukuqubuka kwe-aspergillosis.

Amathiphu wabaqalayo

Akunangqondo ukugcina i-broiler isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili, njengoba ukukhula kwehla, futhi isidingo sokondla sihlala siphakeme. Inyoni idla ukudla okuningi, inyama yayo iba yinto engafanele futhi iyinzima ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukukhula kwezinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 kunconywa kuphela ngenzalo. Kule njongo, abantu abaphilile nabanqabile (2 abesifazane nabesilisa ababili) kufanele bagcinwe.

Yini enye ebalulekile ukuthi u-newbie azi:

1. Isidingo ekamelweni - ukufudumala, ukuma, ukulala okuhlanzekile phansi.
2. Ukuqhutshwa njalo kwendlu. Amapulangwe kanye nokufakelwa kufanele kuphathwe nge-lime noma izibulala-magciwane ezikhethekile.
3. Ukudla okunempilo kanye nomhla wosuku.
4. Ukugonywa ngesikhathi.

Imininingwane Yokudla

Ekhaya ukuzalisa inyoni kudla ukudla, njengoba liqukethe izakhi ezidingekayo zokukhula okusebenzayo. Ama-broilers adla kahle ama-mash anamanzi noshukela, ama-crackers. Iziphambano zihlukaniswa nokungazitholi ekudleni: zingadla ukudla okudliwayo. Isimo esibalulekile ukushisa kokudla (okuphakelayo akufanele kube mnandi ku-feeder).

Kungenzeka ukugqugquzela ukukhula ngosizo lwesinkwa semvubelo - okusanhlamvu kuhlanganiswe nemvubelo eyomile futhi ifakwe amahora angu-7. Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwekhalori kufanele kwengezwe ithanga, amazambane.

Kuhlu lwemikhiqizo engavunyelwe emazweni ahamba phambili, okulandelayo kuhlukaniswa:

• isihlabathi;
• okuphakelayo okuphelelwe yisikhathi;
• isinkwa esisha;
• amazambane abilisiwe ngendlela ehlanzekile.

Siza! Ukuze inyama ye-broiler ibe yi-yellow, kusukela emavikini amathathu okuphila kwayo, ummbila kufanele uqaliswe ekudleni (35% kokunye okuphakelayo).

Ukondla izinyoni udinga amanzi ahlanzekile futhi azinzile (izinga lokushisa lama-20-22), ukufinyelela kokuphuza kubantu ngabanye kufanele kube njalo. Ukuze i-disinfection ingabe yengezwe kuma-crystals okuphuza we-potassium permanganate.

Izifo

Ngenxa yokuzivikela okubuthakathaka, iziphambano zithinteka kakhulu ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukulahlekelwa kwemfuyo, kubalulekile ukwenza imishanguzo, ukuqapha ukuhlanzeka kwendlu yenkukhu, nokuhlukanisa abantu ababuthakathaka nabanamathele ngesikhathi esifanele.

Iziphi izifo ezisengozini:

1. I-arthritis. Ukuthola isisindo esheshayo kubangela izinkinga ezihlangene. Isizathu esengeziwe sokuthuthukiswa ngumsebenzi wemandla obuthakathaka. Isibonakaliso - "wehla ezinkundleni zakhe." Ungaphatha lesi sifo nge-ampicillin.
2. I-hetericosis Izibungu ze-Pathogen - emathunjini. Ungabasusa ngosizo lwePiperazin.
3. Ama-Ascite - inqwaba yezicubu ezinamafutha esiswini. Imbangela yentuthuko ingondlo engafanele. Ukuvimbela izifo ukwandisa iphesenti yemifino emisha ekudleni.
4. Isifo se-Newcastle (noma i-pseudotum). Isifo esithathelwanayo esingabulala umhlambi wonke ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ama-specimens avela kusuka emlonyeni, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izimpaphe zibukeka ngokungafihli. Lesi sifo asiphathwa, isilinganiso sokuvimbela - kuphela ukugoma.
5. Isifo sikaMarek. Kukhona ukunqotshwa kwesistimu ephakathi. Ekuxhumaneni kwemigwaqo kuyaphazanyiswa, kukhona ukuxubana. Kubantu ababeka engozini kusukela emasontweni amathathu kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-5. Ukuvimbela - ukugoma (ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo 95%).

Njengobhizinisi: inzuzo nenzuzo

Ama-broilers angahlatshwa ngokulinganiselwa kwezinsuku ezingu-50 (ngalesi sikhathi isisindo senyoni singama-4-5 kg). Ipulazi lezinkukhu liyoba nenzuzo phambi kwamakhanda angu-300, kodwa ngisho nezindleko zepulazi elincane lizokhokha ngonyaka. Isimo esibalulekile ukucinga iziteshi zokuthengisa nezitifiketi zekhwalithi.

Izindleko zomhlambi wezilwane eziyi-100 zibukeka kanje:

• ukubulawa kwecala - ruble angu-15 000;
• imishini yenkukhu yenkukhu - 50,000;
• ukuthengwa kwemfuyo - kufika ku-70,000.

Ukuqala ukutshala izimali ebhizinisini kuyoba okungenani ama-ruble angu-150,000. Izindleko zesidumbu esisodwa emakethe okungenani ama-ruble angu-200, futhi ukuthengiswa kungathengiswa ngamanye ama-150. Ngokuthengiswa kwamakhanda angu-100, ungathola okungenani u-16,000 ngenyanga. Ukukhipha izindleko nezintela, inzuzo enenzuzo yenyanga eyodwa yi-8,000-12,000 ruble. Ibhizinisi elikhulu kanye nenzuzo ephezulu kungenzeka nge umhlambi wezingu-600 noma ngaphezulu.

Iziphambano - i-subspecies ekhethekile yenkukhu, ebonakala ngokukhula okusebenzayo. Ama-broilers akhula futhi anamafutha ayingcindezi, kodwa ibhizinisi elinenzuzo. Uma uhambisana nezidingo eziyisisekelo nemithetho, iziphambano ziyoba umthombo wemali engenayo eqinile. Inzuzo izoletha inyama enomsoco kanye nokudla, okwehla.