Amathiphu kusuka kubalimi: kungani ama-marigold asomile nokuthi benzeni ngakho?

I-Marigolds - enye yezimbali ezivame kakhulu ehlobo ezihlobisa imibhede yembali, izindawo kanye nemibhede yemifino. Ejabule, ekhanyayo futhi enhle, ama-marigold adala isimo sengqondo esimnandi lapho ubheka kuzo.

Isizathu sokusabalalisa kabanzi kwamarigolds kungenxa yokunakekelwa kwabo okungazithobeki, ukungenazinkinga, izimbali ezide futhi ezikhanyayo.

Izifo zama-marigolds zingaba nezimbangela ezihlukahlukene. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ekunakekeleni lezi zimbali ezingasetshenziswa nokuthi zingenziwa kanjani.

Okuqukethwe:

Izifo ezivamile nezinkinga ezikhulayo
Izimbangela zokubola
Senza ukuxilongwa
Kungani izingxenye zesitshalo zomile futhi zifiphaza?
Okufanele ukwenze
Uma kungekho okusizile

Ziyini lezi zimbali?

I-Marigolds yizimbali ezingokomndeni wakwa-Astrov (i-Compositae). Leli gama izimbali zitholwa ngenxa yamagundane abo, anesigqi se-velvet. Ingqikithi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-53 zama-marigolds.

Isitshalo sibheka ukuthini?

Izitshalo ziqondile, zakhiwe, ezakha isihlahla esinokuphakama kusuka kuma-20 kuya kwangu-130 amasentimitha.
Uhlelo lwempande luyisisekelo.
Amaqabunga ayena-pinnatisect, ahlelwe eceleni nge-stem. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kukhona ama-marigold namaqabunga aphelele. Umbala kusuka ku-lime kuya eluhlaza obumnyama.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-marigolds zine-inflorescences ehlukile: kusuka ku-flattened to spherical, kusuka ophuzi kuya ku-orange. Ezinye izinhlobo zihlanganisa imibala eminingana ku-inflorescence.

Ngenxa yezimbali ezide (kuze kube yi-frosts yokuqala) i-marigolds yizintandokazi zabalimi. Akudingekile ukutshala lezi zimbali ensimini, abanye balimi balima ama-marigolds ezimbizeni noma emabhodini, bawafake emafasiteleni noma uwabeke emaphongolweni. Mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukutshala lesi sitshalo ekhaya embizeni, funda lapha.

Izifo ezivamile nezinkinga ezikhulayo

Ezimweni eziningi, ama-marigold azinamahloni futhi aphikisana nezifo, ukuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Kodwa lapho buthakathaka izindawo zokuzivikela zokutheleleka kungenzeka. Ngokuvamile izinambuzane nezifo ezilandelayo zivela.

Isibungu se-spider Ingozi yokutheleleka ikhula emhlabathini owomile.
Rot and fungus. Kubonakala enhlabathini emanzi.
Izinkukhu kanye namashubhu. Imvelo efanelekayo umhlaba omanzi. Bakha amaqabunga, bashiye izimpungushe.
Grey ukubola. Lesi sifo sithuthuka emazingeni okushisa aphansi emhlabathini owomile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwezifo nezinambuzane umgadi wensimu angase abe nezinkinga eziningana lapho ekhula ngama-marigolds.

Ukukhula okuncane ngenxa yokungabi nomswakama emhlabathini.
I-inflorescences engenangqondo neyincane ngenxa yokungabi khona kwamanzi.
Ukubola komsuka ngezikhathi eziningi.
Yeka ekukhuleni ngenxa yokuncipha okubukhali ekushiseni kuya kuma-10 degrees, okuhambisana nokubomvu kwamaqabunga.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi inqwaba yamanyolo kanye nokufaka umanyolo kuzoholela ekwandeni kobukhulu obuhlaza, kanti ama-inflorescences ayoba amancane, amancane futhi alula. Ngabe kanjani nokuthi ungondla kanjani isitshalo ngezimbali eziningi, esitshele kulesi sihloko, nokuthi yini lezi zibukeka zibukeka nokuthi kufanele zenzeni uma zingafuni ukuqhakaza zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kwenye into.

Ungafunda mayelana nezifo nezinambuzane zezimbali lapha, futhi sibhala ngezindlela zokubhekana nezifo ezivame kakhulu nezinambuzane kule ndaba.

Izimbangela zokubola

Kunezici eziningana eziholela ekufuneni.

Ukukhanya Amaqabunga amile kuye ngokuthi imilayezo yelanga iwela kanjani esitshalweni. Imisebe eqondile ingabangela ukushisa. Uma umlimi engadini ekhula futhi ebafihla elangeni lapho ekhula izithombo zama-marigolds, emva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile amaqabunga aphelile ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Amanzi Ukumisa ama-marigolds inqubo engabonisa ukuthi isitshalo sithola amanzi amancane. I-Marigolds yokukhula okujulile nezimbali eziluhlaza zidinga ukuchelela nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kwamanzi, ngoba endaweni enjalo i-fungus eyingozi ivela ngokushesha.
Indawo yokuhlwanyela. Lapho kutshalwa izimbali, abalimi abaningi banciphisa isikhala phakathi kwezihlahla. Ngenxa yalokhu kuvinjelwa, amaqabunga namaqabunga asitshalo aqala ukubola nokume. Uma utshala ama-marigolds, akudingekile ukuba uhlukanise imithombo futhi uthathe isikhala samahhala esitshalweni.

Qaphela! Ibanga elihle phakathi kwamahlathi lixhomeke kunhlobo lwamarigolds. Ngezinhlobo ezide, uhlelo lwe-40x40 (40 cm emkhatsini wemifula nemigqa) lufanelekile. Ku-sredneroslyh - kungu-30x30, ngenxa yesisekelo - 20x20.

Senza ukuxilongwa

Inkinga	Incazelo kanye nezimpawu
Umlenze omnyama	Izifo ezivamile. Inqubo lapho ingxenye engezansi ye-stem ibumnyama, iqala ukubola.
Umsuka wokubola	Emasimini omdala omdala aphendukile, amaqabunga aphelile.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo	Izitshalo ezingakhiwe. Efihlekile encane futhi engaqondakali engenayo imbewu. Amabala amancane amnyama emakhaleni embali.
Isibungu se-spider	Kubonakala enhlabathini eyomile, lapho kukhula khona ama-marigolds. Ingozi yokutheleleka ikhuphuka ezindaweni ezivaliwe (zokugcina izithombo, izindlu). Insect idla amaqabunga. Izimpawu zokutheleleka - umbukiso omncane, izindawo ezikhanyayo namaqabunga aphuzi.
Slugs kanye nemisinki	Ukudla kwezinambuzane - amaqabunga, izimbali, iziqu. Esikhathini sokutheleleka kusho umzila wesiliva we-mucus omisiwe emaqabunga, umonakalo othize ehlathini.
Aphid	Izinambuzane ezincane ezidla amaqabunga. Isibonakaliso sokutheleleka - izimbobo ezincane ngobuningi obuhlaza. Futhi inkathazo ihlanganisa ipuleti leqabunga nge-viscous liquid - pad. Amakoloni amakhulu angabhubhisa isihlahla ngesikhathi esifushane.
Amacimbi	Isibonakaliso sokuhlasela kwamagciwane - amaqabunga aqhamuka ezinhlangothini naphakathi. Amaqabunga aphikisiwe abonisa ukuthi izibungu zibeka izibungu kuzo.

Kungani izingxenye zesitshalo zomile futhi zifiphaza?

Uma imbali iyeka ukukhula, yaba luvila, amaqabunga aqala ukuma futhi isiqu noma ihlumela sashintsha - lezi zibonakaliso zesilonda se-bacterial. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuchelela ngokweqile. I-Marigold iyakuthanda amanzi, kodwa inhlabathi imanzi kakhulu ukuba ibe yimbi kakhulu kunokuba yome.
Iphinde igqugquzele ukutheleleka ngomanyolo ongaphezulu, i-clodded clodded yomhlaba.

Ukulimala kwamabhaktheriya kwenzeka ngendlela:

ukubola kwebhaktheriya;
ukubola kwebhaktheriya nokushisa;
i-bacteriosis ye-vascular.

Okufanele ukwenze

Izenzo ezijwayelekile zanoma iyiphi inkinga - usizo lokuqala esitshalweni. Zonke izingxenye ezonakele noma ezikhuthele kakhulu kumele zisuswe nge-scissors, pruner. Ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3, lesi sitshalo kufanele sishiye ngaphandle kokunisela ukuze somile inhlabathi. Qinisekisa ukusungula isimiso sokunisela, ukuvuselela ibhalansi yomswakama.

Izenzo ezengeziwe zixhomeke ekuxilongweni.

Ukuxilongwa	Okufanele ukwenze
Umlenze omnyama	Ukuphalaza ngamalungiselelo anethusi (vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ingxube yeBordeaux, i-Oxyhom). Amakhemikhali Lona yi-Trichodermin, i-Maxim, i-Vitaros. Uma lesi sifo sibonakala ezitshalweni zama-marigolds, kufanele kubhujiswe.
Umsuka wokubola	Kuzosiza kuphela ukuphalaza amakhemikhali: I-Ridomil Gold; Tiovit Jed; Fundazol. Izindlela ezithandwayo zokulwa - ukuphuza inhlabathi ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, elele ubuthongo obunobungozi obunompheme ochotshoziwe noma umlotha.
Ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya	Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe futhi sanconywa nge-fungicide ye-bactericidal: Oxy (20 g ngalinye 10 l); I-Alirin-B (amaphilisi amabili nge-1 litre); I-Vitaros (2 ml nge-1 l). Imishini yaseJalimane ihlanzekile. Ukuvimbela - ukuchithwa kwama-marigolds nge-biobactericides (i-Fitolavin, i-Fitosporin).
Ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane	With amakoloni amancane, izinyathelo zokulawula mechanical kuyoba usizo (ukuqoqa ama-parasites ngesandla noma ukugeza ngomsindo wamanzi). Ukupheka kwabantu: geza ama-marigold ngamanzi asosi, isisombululo ngamapelisi anyanisi nogalikhi, ugwayi. Zizophinde zibe ama-broth asebenzayo ama-herbs anephunga elimnandi. Uma kungekho mthelela, amakhemikhali azosiza. Lawa yi-Sumi-Alpha, i-Inta-Vir, i-Arrivo, i-Microcin, i-Ripcord, i-Tsitkor nabanye.

Ungasusa ama-slugs ngokuhlakaza amapuleti amancane, izingcezu ze-apula noma amazambane ebusuku eduze kombali. Ekuseni, umgadi wensimu uzodinga ukuqoqa lezi zakhi futhi izinambuzane ziqhubekile kuzo. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka - i-mustard powder ehlakazekile nxazonke zamarigolds noma umlotha.

Usizo! Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kwama-marigolds, noma yiziphi izitshalo ezibukeka kahle okunempilo kufanele ziphathwe nganoma yimaphi amalungiselelo amakhemikhali, ngoba izinambuzane eziningi zingafaka amaqanda nezibungu kuzo.

Uma kungekho okusizile

Uma izindlela zokupheka kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali azizange zenze umphumela, lesi sitshalo siqhubeka sinyuka, ungaya ezinyathelweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Inkinga ayithintanga impande. Marigold uthathe ngaphansi kwempande, amahora angu-12-24 ukuthulula nokumboza nge-polyethylene. Isixazululo esinjalo sinconywa, uma imbali itshiswa ilanga eliqondile, alitholanga amanzi, ubuningi balo obuhlaza babudliwa yizinambuzane ezindizayo.
Uma impande ithinteka ngokubola, umlenze omnyama uqhubeka - isitshalo kumele sisuswe. Kudingeka futhi kususwe lapho kuhlaselwa ezinye izinambuzane (nematodes). Imbali kumele iguqulwe impande, ithathwe esakhiweni bese ishiswa. Esizeni sesitshalo esinegciwane phakathi nonyaka asikwazi ukutshala noma yisiphi isitshalo.

I-Marigolds yizimbali ezinhle ezizohlobisa noma yikuphi ingxenye yokuqhakaza kwazo. Ukuze isitshalo sijabulise iso futhi singalimazi, kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo sayo, ungagcwalisi noma uwedlule. Gcwalisa ama-rationally, futhi kuphela marigolds enempilo. Uma kukhona izibonakaliso zokutheleleka, thatha izinyathelo zokulungisa ngokushesha.