Aconite - plant herbaceous zisetshenziswa of the buttercups genus, nge eziqondile iziqu. Unenhlobo engavamile yezimbali, ngokuvamile e-blue shades, kukhona emhlophe nephuzi. Ama-aconite blooms ngoJulayi, ama-inflorescences ayo afana nezimbali ze-lupine. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-aconite zinobuthi.
I-Aconite high (i-Aconite exelsum)
I-Aconite ephezulu endaweni yemvelo ivame kakhulu emahlathini aseRussia, eningizimu yeSiberia nasezindaweni ezizintaba zase-Asia Ephakathi. Lezi zinhlobo zikhula kuze kube ngamamitha amabili, iqinile kakhulu ziqukethe ama-grooves. Izitshalo ziqondile, i-pubescent nge-nap ende. Amaqabunga amakhulu ahlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana zesimo sedayimane. Ama-aconite blooms aphezulu noma aphikisana phezulu, njengoba abizwa ngabantu, ekupheleni kukaJuni-Julayi.
I-Racemes inflorescences ngezimbali ezibomvu-grey, i-inflorescence kuze kufike kuhhafu yemitha. Lesi sitshalo singumama we-mesophyte, asesabi umthunzi, sithanda inhlabathi enomsoco futhi enomsoco. Zombili i-alkaloids ikhona ezimpandeni nasengxenyeni engenhla.
Uyazi? Aconite isikhathi eside emithi yasendulo esetshenziselwa izinhloso zokwelapha. Usosayensi waseRoma uPliny the Elder wabhala emibhalweni yakhe ukuthi i-aconite i-arsenic yemvelo, izakhiwo zayo kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizobulawa esikhundleni sokulashwa.
I-Aconite Wolf (i-Aconitum lycoctonum)
Esimweni, inhlanzi i-aconite ikhula eningizimu yeSiberia, engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia nasemazweni aseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Lokhu kungapheli ngesistimu enamandla yezimpande. I-Aconite imvu ikhula ngesimo sepiramidi noma ikholomu, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela kuma-70 cm. Amapuleti amaqabunga asatshalaliswa, atshalwe ngama-petioles ende. I-Aconite blooms ngoJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ukuqhakaza kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. Izimbali ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi ziqoqwa ngamaqoqo ngendlela yokushayela. Lesi sitshalo sesitshalwe kusukela ngo-1590.
Kungani lesi sitshalo esibizwa ngokuthi imvu, siyini ingulube i-aconite? Mhlawumbe leli gama livela ngenxa yokuthi utshani lwasetshenziselwa ukuhlambala izimpisi. Ezikhathini ezilambile, izilwane, eziwela emhlambini omkhulu, zalethela abantu inhlekelele enkulu. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yobuthi obukhulu besitshalo: i-alkaloids ekwakheni i-aconite, esebenzayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ingabangela ukuqubuka, okweqa phakathi kwendawo yokuphefumula.
Ukunyuka kwe-Aconite (Aconitum volubile)
I-Aconite ukuphefumula ithando abalimi abavuni be-flower ababukeka ngokuhlobisa. Endle, kuvamile e-East Asia, eKorea naseSiberia. Ephakeme, kuze kube ngamamitha amabili, lesi sitshalo sinamagatsha aguquguqukayo futhi aqinile. I-curling aconite iqoshiwe, amaqabunga amacwecwe omthunzi omnyama obumnyama. Ekude, iziqu zifinyelela amamitha amane. I-Aconite blooms ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti futhi i-blooms izinsuku ezingu-50. I-inflorescences yinde futhi inkulu, kuze kube yimitha ubude. In aconite ukukhuphuka izimbali ezinkulu emnyama blue.
Kubalulekile! Usizo lokuqala lwe-aconite ubuthi ukugeza isisu ngamanzi usawoti noma isisombululo se-potassium permanganate, i-activated carbon (i-tablet eyodwa ngayinye ngesisindo sesiguli). Lezi zenzo ziyisandulela kuphela, ngakho-ke udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi ukuqhuba ukwelashwa okufanelekayo kokudla ubuthi.
I-Aconite arcuate (i-Aconitum arcuatum)
I-Aconite arcuate ibekezelela ukuthungatha umthunzi, ukuhlobisa nokungawona onobuthi. Emvelweni, ikhula eMpumalanga Ekude. Lesi sitshalo si-herbaceous, simelana nesithwathwa futhi singathobekile ekulimeni nasekunakekeleni. I-aconite arcuate ikhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, igweme izifo.
Kuyathakazelisa Imvelaphi ye-aconite iphikisana: izinganekwane zasendulo zamaGreki zithi i-aconite yakhula emanzini e-Cerberus, futhi amaScandinavians akholelwa ukuthi i-aconite yaphuma emanzini egazi likaThre, owafa empini nenyoka enobuthi.
I-Aconite cloak (i-Aconitum napellus)
Lezi zinhlobo zivamile kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu, asetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuhlobisa. I-Aconite klobuchkovy - ihlala isikhathi eside, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela kumamitha angama-1 nengxenye. Le-aconite inobuthi. Lesi sitshalo sikhiqizwa izilimo eziyizigaxa, lapho i-tuber entsha ikhula, idala lifa. Ihlasela ngokuqondile namaqabunga amaqabunga ahlukanisiwe.
Igama layo i-aconite litholakala ngenxa yokuma kwembali, efana ne-hood (i-head head of the monk). Ama-inflorescences aphakeme, anezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bloom aconite ziyaqhakaza kulo lonke ihlobo. Uhlobo lwezithelo ezinezinhlobo eziningi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile: "Newrv Blue" ngezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne "Carneum" - izimbali ze-pinkish-beige. Zombili izinhlobo zinqunywe isikhathi eside.
I-Aconite motley (i-Aconitum variegatum)
Lezi zinhlobo zikhula engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia naseYurophu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingapheli. Lesi sitshalo side, singamamitha angama-1 nesigamu, sineziqu ezinamandla eziqondile. Iplate plate aconite variegated zibe izingxenye eziyisikhombisa. Ushiya umbala ohlaza ogcwele ogcwele. I-inflorescences yinde, ivulekile, ihlanganiswe ebhulashi. I-blossoming aconite variegated kusukela ngoJulayi inyanga, izimbali zethunzi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lesi sitshalo sesetshenziselwe ukutshala kusukela ngo-1584.
I-Aconite antidote (i-Aconitum anthora)
Emvelweni, i-aconite yama-antidote itholakala eMongolia naseSiberia. Lesi sitshalo sithanda izindawo ezikhanyayo, ama-steppes namathafa. I-Aconite inembile, izitshalo ezifinyelela kumamitha aphezulu, phansi lapho amahlamvu efa khona. Isiqu simbozwe nge-nap encane eseduze ne-inflorescence. Amaqabunga amakhulu futhi amade, amamitha angu-7 kuya phezulu, akhula kuma-petioles ende. Le-aconite isitshalo saminyaka yonke, ngemuva kokuqhakaza isihlahla esiya ehlathini, sanda ngamapulazi noma imbewu. Nge-inflorescences ende ekhuphuka ihlumela izimbali eziphuzi. I-Aconite antidote blooms ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Qaphela! Lezi zinhlobo zibhekene nokukhula okuphuthumayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kudinga inhlabathi evundile enomsoco futhi enomswakama.
I-North Aconite (i-Aconitum septentrionale)
I-Aconite enyakatho ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amahlanu nengxenye, izwe lakubo kubhekwa njengeningizimu yeSiberia nasezintabeni zase-Asia Ephakathi. Lesi sitshalo sinomuthi oguquguqukayo, onobuncane, oqondile futhi obunamanzi, i-pubescent engxenyeni engenhla. Amaqabunga afinyelela ubude obungama-30 cm, palmate, ahlukaniswe zibe izingxenye ezinhlanu kuya eziyisikhombisa. Izimbali ze-Aconite zinemibala kusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziya ezigqamile. I-Blooms ngoJulayi, ngemuva kokubilisa izimbali ngamapheshana. Uhlelo lwempande luyathandeka, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-aconite zenduku eyodwa enyakatho impande. I-North Aconite ihlwanyela imbewu.
I-Aconite Fisher (i-Aconitum fischeri)
Izwe lakwa-aconite Fisher - eMpumalanga Ekude. Ukubukeka okumnandi, kukhula amamitha angaphezu kwesigamu nesigamu. Ukusabalaliswa emabhantshini amahlathi ahlangene nalawo ahlukumezayo. Izitshalo ziqondile, zixhunyiwe, amaqabunga aqinile, ama-cozier, amapulethi ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye eziningana. Lezi zinhlobo zezimbali zihlala isikhathi eside - kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-inflorescences angaba mnandi futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, kuye ngokuthi indawo yokuhlala.
I-Aconite-resistant ye-wool (Aconitum lasiostomum)
I-Aconite engaxilisi uboya - ukubukeka okungapheli. Ikhula eRussia ephakathi, ikhetha amahlumela amahlathi ahlanganisiwe. Unesiqu esiqondile kuya emitha yokuphakama. Amaqabunga aphansi anqenqemeni obuthakathaka, ama-petioles amade namaqabunga amaqabunga - kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayishumi, enqenqemeni elungile. I-Racemes inflorescences kufika ku-35 cm ubude. I-Aconite blooms ngoJulayi enezimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi noma eziphuzi. I-Pedicle yesitshalo ehlanganiswe phansi. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amapheshana avuthwe ngembewu.
Emklamo wezwe, ungasebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi ze-aconite, zonke zingenakuzithoba futhi zihlobisa. I-Aconites izobeka kahle imibhede yembali futhi ihlanganiswe nezimbali ezicacile ezingenayo imbali eyodwa enkulu ngaphakathi kwe-inflorescence; i-aconite umswakama-onothando eduze kwamanzi okufakelwa kuzobonakala sengathi iyathakazelisa, eceleni komkhawulo wensimu njengengqimba.
