Wonke umlimi wezitshalo okhulisa izithelo nezithelo zezithelo uyazi ukuthi akulula ukukhula i-cherries enempilo enhle esakhiweni sakho. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cherries elimnandi, kodwa zonke ziyakwazi ukubhekana nezifo, kanye nokulimala yizinambuzane okumele zihlale zilwa.
Izinambuzane ezinomthelela zithinta umuthi ngokuphelele: kusukela ohlelweni lwempande ukuya ezitshalweni. Ukulahlekelwa komkhiqizo wesivuno ngenxa yezinambuzane, ngokwesilinganiso, kufinyelela ku-30%, futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala izinambuzane - 70%. Ukukhiqiza nokuthola isivuno esihle akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuvikela izihlahla ezivela ezinambuzane eziyingozi nezilwane eziphilayo.
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi ama-cherries ahlaselwe izifo nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane. Okuvamile - Lokhu kungukutshala okungalungile nokunakekelwa, izimo zezulu ezingalungile, nokudluliswa kwezifo ezivela emithini yezithelo ezingomakhelwane.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherry nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesihlahla. Uma uthenga izithombo, qaphela izinhlobo ezingahambisani nezinambuzane ezihambisana nezimo zakho, ezakhiwe ngabalimi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi okuhlukahlukene okukhethayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukubona izinambuzane ezithile ngesikhathi esifanele futhi wazi nokuthi kungcono kanjani ukwelapha ama cherry ukuze ulawule ngokuphumelelayo.
I-Hawthorn
Ivemvane emhlophe emhlophe enezinsipho ezimnyama ngamaphiko - haws, ngokwayo, akulimazi insimu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu oyedwa we-butterfly onjalo angafaka amaqanda ama-yellow aphuzi noma ama-orange, emva kwamasonto ambalwa azoba amacimbi abomvu noma abomvu.
Lezi yizinambuzane eziyinhloko zensimu yezithelo ze-cherry, zidla amaqabunga e-cherry nezinye izihlahla zezithelo, izihlahla. Ngasekupheleni kwebusika, izimpungushe ze-hawthorn ziboshwe zibe ama-cocoons futhi zihlala zihlala zihlambalaza emaqabunga.
Ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa kwezitshalo ezingafuneki, qala ukuhlunga ama cherry kusuka ezinambuzane entwasahlobo, ngasekupheleni kuka-Mashi - ekuqaleni ko-Ephreli. Ukuze ubhubhise wonke ama-cocoons asaphila, funa isihlahla nomhlabathi oseduze Isixazululo se-urea. Uzodinga u-700 g we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi.
Futhi, ukuze silwe ne-hawthorn, kubalulekile ukuqoqa izidleke zayo nokuhlomisa i-titmouse emasimini, njengoba nje ama-tits adla lezi zimbungu.
Kubalulekile! Ukwelashwa kwe-Urea kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi esibekiwe: ekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ngeke ube khona kamuva - ungashisa izinso nama-ovari.
I-weevil Cherry
Isizathu esasakazekile sokufa kwesihlahla cherry weevil on cherry sweet Futhi ubizwa i-cherry pipe-pipe, elidla amaqabunga, amahlamvu, amaqabunga, futhi isebenzisa izithelo zokubeka amaqanda.
Ukulwa ngokuphumelelayo kanye nalo, udinga ukuhlanza iziqu kanye namagatsha wegca elidala kusukela ekwindla, ukuhlanza izingxenye ezihlanjululwe zomuthi nge-lime, nokushisa imfucumfucu namagqabi awile.
Indawo eyinhloko yokubusika kwezinambuzane eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-weevils, ingumhlabathi osisekelo, okumele uguqulwe. Ngesikhathi ukuvuvukala kwefihlekile entwasahlobo, iningi le-weevils lingashuntwa phezu kweshidi elisakazwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Ukuze uphefe kuhlelwe kahle izidakamizwa "Karbofos", "Rovikurt", "Inta-Vir", umthamo womuthi omdala ungama-3-4 amalitha.
Ngaphandle kwezidakamizwa, kunezidakamizwa ezithandwayo zomuntu zokulwa ne-weevil, isibonelo, ukupomfaza kwe-infommile ukumnika. Thatha izimbali ezingaba ngu-200, ugcwalise ngamalitha angu-15 amanzi bese uvumele usuku. Bese ushaya bese ungeza kuso cishe ngu-60 g isepha.
Zlatoguzka
I-Zlatoguzka (i-silkworm yegolide, i-zolotuchka) - i-butterfly volnyanka emhlophe nge-golden fluffy esiswini. I-disest of tree fruit at the stage, ishukumisa amaqabunga kuze kugcwalwe amagatsha.
Amacimbi e-golden-wrecker adla amaqabunga aze afike emithanjeni futhi ayinamathisele emagatsheni anezingqimba ezinama-cobwebs, ekwakheni isidleke abahlala kuso. Lapho nje amaqabunga eqala ukuqhakaza, izibungu ziphuma ezihlahleni bese zidla amaqabunga. Phakathi nenkathi, le nkathazo ingabhubhisa ama-25% amaqabunga aphilile.
Kunezindlela zokwenza ukubhujiswa kwegolide negolide kanye namakhemikhali. Okokuqala kuhlanganisa nokususa nokubhubhisa izidleke zasebusika ezihlahleni. Ukusetshenziswa kwezicupho ezilula kanye nezicupho ze-pheromone nazo ziyasebenza.
Phakathi kwezindlela zamakhemikhali, okuphumelelayo kakhulu sishaye ngaphambi kokuchichima izinambuzane "Karbofos" (10%), "Benzophosphate" (10%) noma "Antiline" (5 amalitha amanzi 25 g), iLepodotsid (20-30 g ngamalitha angu-5 amanzi). Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ama-cherries angaphathwa nge-Nitrafen no-Olekupri.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthinta isibungu kungabangela ukuqhuma ezandleni, ukuyeka isikhumba nokuphefumula. Lapho ukhiqiza izihlahla, sebenzisa izihlahla futhi ugqoke amagilavu.
Inundu yasebusika
AmaMoths - umndeni wama-moths, obala izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50. Kulezi, inundu yasebusika iyingozi kakhulu cherry elimnandi.
Lezi zinambuzane zihlasela izihlahla ekwindla, ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Uqinisa amaqabunga ngamacwebhu bese ebeka amaqanda lapho, emva kwalokho la maqabunga adla izibungu. Kanti futhi izibungu zidla amaqabunga, amaqabunga amancane, imbali efihlekile.
Ukulwa nenundu udinga ukuwa kwasekuqaleni tillage inhlabathi emkhatsini wemigqa bese umba nxazonke zombuthano we-trunk, okunciphisa inani lezintambo. Ama-agent ekhemikhali, i-10% "i-Benzophosphate" (i-60 g ngalinye nge-10 l amanzi), i-10% i- "Karbofos" (80-90 g ngalinye ngamaminithi angu-10), 80% "i-Chlorophos" (20-30) g ngalinye amalitha ayishumi amanzi).
Kudingeka ukufiphaza ngaphambi kokuba ifihlekile. Izinambuzane ezinjalo nazo zenza umphumela omuhle - "Zolon", "Nexion".
I-silkworm ekhalisiwe
I-silkworm ekhalisiwe - liyi-moth, i-beige ene-strip emnyama emaphandleni angaphambili. Izibhamu ze-silkworm cishe ngo-6 cm, i-gray grey, egcwele izinwele ezimnyama, zilimaza amaqabunga e-cherry nezinye izihlahla eziningi zezithelo. Kwenziwa kalula umoya.
Ama-ovipositions akhiwa emagatsheni amancane omuthi njengendlela yokukhala izindandatho, izibungu zihlale zikhona kulezi zixuku. Ngaphambi kokuphuma kwamaqanda bese udla amaqabunga amancane namafihlekile. Bangela umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa nama cherry, ngenxa yokuthi awukwazi ukuqhakaza futhi athele izithelo ezinkathini eziningana ngokulandelana.
Ukuze silwe no-silkworm obhekiwe udinga ukuhlola njalo umuthi futhi, uma uthola amaqanda-ebekayo, uwaqede futhi uwashise. Futhi kusuka emagatsheni okudingayo ukususa yonke iwebhu, engase ihlale izinambuzane. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe esimweni sezulu esiphezulu, khona-ke amacimbi angeke asuke esihlahleni.
Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuzimbali, okufakwe yizinambuzane ezinjalo, njenge "Zolon", "Karbofos", "Metiation", "Metaphos", "Nexion", "Phosphamide", "Chlorophos", njll. "I-Nitrafen" ne-"Oleco-spur" izofaneleka ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephutha.
Izithelo zezibungu
I-Brown noma i-red fruit mite kulimaza izihlahla zazo zonke izihlahla zezithelo, ukuphuza utshani kusuka emaqabungeni nasefihlekile. I-disest overwinters kumahlumela namagatsha.
Izimpungushe zivela emaqanda entwasahlobo, zilimaza amahlumela ezihlahla, bese zondla ngamanzi amaqabunga. Amaqabunga awonakele abe umbala omhlophe ongcolile, ayeke ukukhula nokuthuthuka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amagatsha ayeka ukukhula, akhiphe ukwehla, futhi ukumelana nesithwathwa somuthi kunciphisa.
Izindlela zokulwa: ekwindla noma entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuza ihlumela, izitshalo ziphathwa ngesisombululo se-1-1.5% seDNOC (dinosal). Ngemuva kokutshala, ngaphambi kokuzimbali kanye nangemva, kanye nasehlobo, izihlahla zifakwe ngamathambo (0.3%) noma i-Phosphamide (0.2%) emulsion.
Kwangathi i-beetle
Kwangathi beetles bakhuthele ukukhula ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Amantombazane alala amaqanda emhlabathini, eduze nezimpande ze-cherry. Amaqanda aphenduka izibungu ezihlala enhlabathini cishe iminyaka engu-3-4, sonke isikhathi sisondla izimpande zomuthi.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokulwa nale nkathazo, eyona enzima kunazo zonke futhi ephumelelayo kakhulu - ukuqoqwa kwemishini yezibungu. Indlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo kunazo zonke isakhiwo sezomhlaba sishaya.
Izibungu azibekezeli i-nitrogen, ngakho-ke i-clover emhlophe itshalwe ukuyilawula eduze kwe-cherries. Ama-bacteria enqubo yayo ye-rhizome i-nitrogen emoyeni futhi ayisakaze ezimpandeni zezitshalo ezingomakhelwane.
Amakhemikhali - ukuphalaza ngezidakamizwa "Aktophyt", "Bowerin", "Fitoverm".
Kungenzeka futhi ukunciphisa umonakalo kusuka izibungu ze-May Beetle esebenzisa i-anyanisi decoction ukuphuza inhlabathi eduze kwesihlahla se-cherry. Amatshumi amabili kwezintathu zamanzi odinga ukuthatha ingxenye yesithathu ye-anyanisi ikhasi bese uqhubeka izinsuku ezingu-7. Isixazululo esilandelayo kufanele sihlanjululwe ngamanzi 1: 1 bese siphuza amanzi esihlokweni somuthi kusihlwa.
Sawfly enhle kakhulu
Umuntu omdala wombala omnyama we-sawfly, amaphiko obala, ubude bomzimba 4-6 mm. Kulimaza cherry, cherry sweet, iplamu nezinye izitshalo izithelo. Izibungu zalo zidla amaqabunga emithanjeni. Ngesikhathi sokugaya ekwindla kwenhlabathi yombuthano oseduze, i-larva izibungu eziye zadlula ubusika zibhujiswa kancane.
Ukuvela kwezimbungu kutholakala emva kokuvuna, bese ungafaka isicelo sishaye izihlahla 10% Karbofos (75 g), 25% i-Rovikurt (10 g), i-Chlorophos (15-20 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 wamanzi). Ngemuva kokuvuna, ungahlanza izihlahla zezitshalo ezinambuzane - i-chamomile, i-henbane emnyama.
I-Cherry ihlumela inundu
Inkathazo eyingozi kunazo zonke ye-cherry enhle i-cherry moth. Kuyinto insect tawny ezinamabala amhlophe kanye band ebomvu transverse. Izibungu ziqoqa amaqabunga ezikhulayo nezimbali, bese zilimaza amaqabunga amancane. Ngemva kwalezi zinambuzane emahlumela zihlala izimpande, njengezicucu zoboya, ezinamabala amnyama - indle.
Njengokuphikisana nenundu le-cherry maphakathi noJuni, kubalulekile ukumba emibuthanweni ye-trunk eduze sishaye 10% Karbofos (75 g) kanye no-10% Trichlormetaphos-3 (50-100 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 wamanzi). Kuthathwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula noma i-bud bud formation. Amalungiselelo "Spark" (phakathi nentshesahlobo), "Kinmiks" (emva kokuchichima), ithebhulethi elilodwa ibhakede lamanzi.
Enye indlela - uthele amanzi abilayo ngaphezu kwezinkomishi ezimbili zokhuni ngomlotha wezintathu ezintathu futhi ufune usuku. Engeza ama-soap shavings. Thela ibhakede elingu-10 litre, uhlanganise, uhlanganise futhi uhlanganise u-40 ml weviniga etafuleni. Sulaza ngokushesha.
Izithelo Moth
I-butterfly encane, izibungu ezibhubhisa amaqabunga, zishiya amagatsha angenalutho omuthi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume izimbali, izibungu ze-moth izithelo zidluliselwa emaceleni amaqabunga bese zondla ngaphandle, zihlanganisa izingosi zokudla zewebhu zibe yi-spiderwebs. Ngezinye izikhathi le nkathazo ingabhubhisa cishe wonke amahlamvu emithi.
Ngemuva kokufunda, izimvemvane zenza i-egg-laying phezu kwamagxolo omuthi. Izindlela zokubhujiswa Izitshalo zezithelo zimba imijikelezo eduze-stem kanye nama-opal amahlamvu ashisa. Amakhemikhali - 10% Karbofos (75 g) kanye no-10% Trichlormetaphos-3 (50-100 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
Uyazi? I-larva ye-cherry moth, engatholakala emthonjeni, akuyona neze eyingozi kubantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwalezi zinambuzane kusho ukuthi izihlahla ze-cherry azifakiwe nge-insecticide.
I-Cherry fly
Enye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu zama cherry nama cherry. I-Cherry ihamba nge-cherry enhle ibhubhisa izithelo ezingu-90%, futhi cishe ngo-30% ku-cherries.
I-Pupae overwinter emhlabathini ngokujula kwe-2 kuya ku-5 cm. Ngo-Meyi, emva kokusila, izimpukane ezindala zizalwa, ama-6 mm ngobukhulu, abamnyama nabomvu bombala emaphikweni. Yidla ijusi lezinambuzane izithelo ezingavuthiwe. Amaqanda e-cherry fly ayese eduze nesitshalo, elimaza izinhlobo kanye nezinhlobo eziseduze.
Izinhlobo zakuqala zivuthwe ngaphambi kokuba izimpukane ziphume futhi zihlale zingalimala. Kusuka kumaqanda esitshalweni kuveza i-larva edla i-pulp. Izithelo ezonakalisiwe zipholile, zibola, zihlukaniswe nesiqu bese ziwa.
Ukuqeda i-cherry fly, kubalulekile ukulima ngokujulile ekwindla. Kwakudingeka futhi spray izihlahla 2 amasonto emva kokuqala kokuhamba futhi emva kwamasonto amabili emva kokupompela kokuqala.
Izindlela: 50% "Karbofos" (1-3 kg / ha), 20% "Amathofu" (1.5-3 kg / ha), 80% "Chlorophos" (1.6-4, 5 kg / ha), amalungiselelo "Iskra", "Lightning" kabili ngesizini. Isikhathi sokuqala sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, okwesibili - ezinsukwini ezingu-18-20. Khona-ke kanye ngesonto udinga ukufuthola inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla ngamalungiselelo afanayo.
I-Cherry Aphid
I-Cherry Aphid (i-Aphid Emnyama) - inkathazo engathí sina ye-cherries elimnandi esigabeni sokuhluma. Owesifazane omnyama obomvu u-2-2.5 mm ubeka amaqanda ngaphansi kwezinso, emva kwalokho izimpungushe ezidla umquba wamaqabunga zivela kubo. Ngemuva kokulimala, amaqabunga ayayeka ukukhula, i-curl, emnyama futhi eyomile.
Uma kwenzeka ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukukhiqiza okumnyama kwe-aphid kwenzeka, ngenxa yalokho kudlulela ezitshalweni nasezinhlakeni futhi kubangcolise indwangu enamathele kanye nezikhumba ezivuthayo.
Kunezimpendulo eziningana zokubhekana nendlela yokuphatha ama-aphid amnyama kuma cherry amnandi. Indlela yezindlela ukukhipha izindawo zokuhlala okusebenzayo kwezithelo ze-cherry aphid - basal kanye namahlumela.
Lapho ukukhiqiza okuningi kuyadingeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvela kwezinso, kuya sishaye izidakamizwa "Aktelik", "Inta-vir", "Commander", "Fitoverm".
Kukhona futhi okuthandwa ukupheka zokuphekaokuye kwafakazela ukusebenza kwabo: isisombululo esivela ensikeni yasemakhaya (isigamu sesephu ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi); esinye isisombululo gcizelela isisombululo somlotha izinsuku ezintathu (0.5 kg umlotha ngamalitha angu-5 amanzi). Le ndlela ngeke nje ilekelele ukuqeda ama-aphid amnyama, kodwa futhi isebenza njenge-feed foliar.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa noma yiziphi izinsimbi zamakhemikhali, landela ngokuqinile izincomo zomkhiqizi futhi ungadluli umthamo!
Izinyoni
Ukuvikelwa kwezinyoni ezise-cherry kuyadingeka kakhulu, naphezu kokuthi ngokuvamile bayabasiza ensimini, bedla izinambuzane eziningi: izibungu, izibungu nezimpungushe.
Uyazi? Abantu babhekisela ku-cherries njenge "cherry bird" ngoba ezinye izinyoni ziyakuthanda ukuzikhukhumeza.
Kunezindlela eziningana eziphumelelayo ezivikela isitshalo kusuka ezindlunkulu, starlings, thrushes kanye jays ezilimaza cherry sweet, pecking izithelo kuze ithambo. Yiqiniso, asikhulumi ngezindlela zamakhemikhali, kodwa kuphela ngama mechanical, njengama-repellents e-ultrasonic, izibhamu zegesi, amanetha, ama-scarecrows, nabanye.
I-Ultrasonic Repeller - ithuluzi elibiza kakhulu elikhokhela uma ukhula imithi eminingi yezithelo. Ububanzi bale divayisi cishe ngamamitha ayi-90 square. m, kuyilapho iphephile ngokuphelele kubantu.
Ukukhiqiza ukukhanya okukhanyayo noma isibonakaliso se-alamu ukuthi izinyoni ziphuma uma ingozi, le divayisi inikeza ukuvikelwa okunokwethenjelwa kwesitshalo ngokumelene nezilokazane ezinamapayipi.
Uma zingekho izihlahla eziningi ezakhiweni zakho, ungasebenzisa gas gun. Leli tangi eligcwele i-propane futhi lihlumela ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu. It simulates umsindo wesibhamu sokudubula, isilinda esinjalo sikwanele ama-shots angu-5000.
Kukhona namanje amanetha akhethekileInetha elincane lokudoba lizohlangana. Emazweni aseYurophu, isibonelo, abalimi bayasindisa ngokwabo ezinyoni - bavele bephonsa amanetha emithini. Noma kunjalo, le ndlela isebenza kuphela ezihlahleni eziphansi, ezincane.
Ungaphinda ubheke izindlela zakudala zakudala, njengokuthi ama-scarecrows nama-tinsel. Njenge-tinsel, ungasebenzisa izinto ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo nezigqwalayo- "imvula" yonyaka omusha, ama-CD amadala, i-cellophane enemibala, foil.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba basebenzise izinto eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yalokhu, njengoba izinyoni zingesabi ngalesi simo.
Kukhona nokukhetha okunjengokuthi I-sweet cherry izithelo zokucubungula ngesisombululo se-pepper eshisayo. Udinga ukuthatha ama-pods angu-10, uwagcobe izinsuku ezingu-3 endaweni enkulu yamanzi bese uphefa phezulu kwesihlahla. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, izithelo ezifakwe nalesi sixazululo kudingeka nje zihlanjululwe kahle ngamanzi.
Izinambuzane zokuvimbela izinambuzane
Njengoba wazi, noma yisiphi isifo kulula ukuvimbela kunokuba ukwelaphe, ngakho ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuvimbela izihlahla kanye nokugcinwa kwezinyathelo agrotechnical ukunakekelwa cherries.
Okokuqala, emalungiselelweni engadini, khetha amabhukumaka wendawo efanele. Lokhu kufanele kube inhlabathi evunyelwe kahle yokwakhiwa okufanele, ezindaweni ezikude nezitshalo zasendle.
Uma amagatsha okusika ayithinteka yizinambuzane, njalo uthatha u-10-15 cm endaweni enempilo., kungase kube khona ukufihla izibungu noma izinhlamvu.
Kudingeka ukuqoqa kanye nokushisa amaqabunga, amagatsha, amahlumela kanye nezithelo. Kubalulekile ukushisa konke lokhu kude nesayithi langasese langasese.
Emva kokuvuna ekwindla, wonke amaqabunga awile kufanele avunwe futhi atshiswe, ngoba ngokuvamile avame amaqanda ezinambuzane. Kabili ngonyaka entwasahlobo nasekwindla udinga ukumba umhlabathi ezungeze umuthi uphinde ubuyekeze ukugcoba okumhlophe kwesiqu kanye namagatsha amakhulu.
Naphezu "kobubele" be-sweet cherry, akufanele ushiye umqondo wokutshala le berry elihlwabusayo esakhiweni sakho. Ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinyoni nezinambuzane ezidla ama-cherry amnandi, kanye nezindlela ezilula zokubhekana nazo, uzokwazi ukuvuna isivuno esikhulu iminyaka eminingi.
