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Incazelo, ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-asparagus yezifo ezinkulu

Abacwaningi abaningi bakhononda ukuthi isisu se-asparagus siphuzi futhi siyancipha, ngakho-ke lesi sihloko senzelwe ukukutshela ukuthi kufanele senzeni nesitshalo esigulayo nokuthi ungayibona kanjani i-agent causative yesifo.

Izinkinga nezifo ezikhona ze-asparagus, izindlela zokwelapha

I-Asparagus ingokomndeni we-asparagus. Leli liana elingapheli, elineziqu ezincane eziguquguqukayo nezimpande ezinamagatsha afana nezinaliti. Izithelo ezakhiwa emva kokuqhakaza zibomvu.

Nakuba i-asparagus futhi ingathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa kanye nobusika obukhulu emabandeni abandayo, ingathinta izifo ezihlukahlukene nezifo eziphazamisayo, emva kwalokho isitshalo sibheka ubuhlungu futhi sidinga ukukhululwa.

I-Asparagus iphenduka iphuzi iphinde ikhululwe

Uma i-asparagus iphenduka ephuzi futhi amaqabunga aqala ukuqubuka, kudingeka udlale lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

  • umswakama wenhlabathi;
  • ukukhanya;
  • umoya umswakama ekamelweni;
  • ubukhulu bembiza buhambisana nobukhulu besistimu yempande.

Ngakho-ke, uma usukhukhumele isitshalo kakhulu noma ungasiphuli isikhathi eside, khona-ke kungaba "ugula". Ukukhanya okuncane noma okunamandla kakhulu kuyoholela ekuphuzeni kwamaqabunga. Umoya omile noma ibhodlela elincane kakhulu linikeza umphumela ofanayo.

Kungani i-asparagus iphuzi? Amaqabunga aphuzi kanye nokuwa - ukusabela ekunakekelweni okungalungile. Uma ungashintshi izimo zokuboshwa, ungalahlekelwa isitshalo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-asparagus akulula. Ukuze uqale, unqume wonke amahlumela angafani futhi uzame ukulungisa imodi yokuchelela nokukhanyisa. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhumbula umzuzu noma isenzo, emva kwalokho isitshalo saqala ukulimaza.

Kubalulekile! Uma i-asparagus igule ebusika, ke emva kokuphosa amahlumela kufanele kususwe kumabhethri nakweminye imithombo yokushisa.

Ukuze uthuthukise isilimo se-asparagus, ungagcini, qaphela le mithetho elandelayo:

  • ukwandisa umswakama ekamelweni, njengoba umoya omile ungonakalisa imbali;
  • nisela amanzi kahle isitshalo, ukwandisa inani lomswakama owuthululela entwasahlobo nasehlobo, nokunciphisa ebusika;
  • unike i-asparagus inani eliphakeme lokukhanya kwelanga ngokulibeka ngakwesokunene (noma kunjalo, qinisekisa ukuthi imisebe yemini emini ayifuni esihlahleni);
  • ukondla njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili unomanyolo obunzima wamaminerali;
  • phindela isitshalo ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zihlale kuyo yonke indawo ebhodweni.
Ngokulandela le miyalo, uzosindisa isisu se-asparagus ezifweni eziningi.

Uyazi? I-Asparagus ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yasezindaweni zaseMelika Melika, eNingizimu naseMpumalanga Afrika nase-Asia.

Imbali ibuna futhi nikta

Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi sifo kungaphezulu kokuswakama emhlabathini. Lesi sitshalo, nakuba sithanda umswakama ophezulu, asikho izinkinga nezimpande zokubola.

Yini engasongela umswakama ongaphezu kwe-asparagus yangaphakathi? Uma ungasomisi umhlabathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpande zizoqala ukubola. Esikhathini sokuqala, lokhu kuyakulungiswa, kepha uma yonke insimu ishaya, imbali izofa.

Uma ibhodlela lingumhlabathi wamanzi, khona-ke isitshalo kufanele sikhishwe ngokucophelela bese uhlola izimpande. Izingxenye ezibolile zisusiwe futhi zifafazwe nge-chips zamachiza acushiwe noma elinye i-antibacterial agent. Ngemuva kokuthela izihlahla, udinga ukutshala imbali emhlabathini omusha, owomile. Ngemuva kokutshala, kancipha kancane bese ubona isitshalo ezinsukwini ezilandelayo.

Udinga ukulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa, okuthinta ngokuqondile isimo sembali.

  • Namanzi isitshalo kuye ngezimo zezulu kanye nokushisa kwekamelo. Ungesabi ukuphinde uthinte inhlabathi ebhodweni ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi udinga ukuchelela. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe mnandi futhi ikhuphuke kancane.
  • Khipha umhlabathi ukuze izimpande zesitshalo zithole umoya-mpilo.
  • Qinisekisa ukufaka amanzi phansi ebhodweni, okusiza ukususa amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi.
  • Sebenzisa inhlabathi elula engabambi umswakama.

Amaqabunga aphansi

Uma imbali ingamaqabunga aphuzi, ayinalo ilanga. Njengoba wazi, ukukhanya kwelanga kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izinto ezifanele. Ukuntuleka kokuhlanganisa kungesizathu sokuthi i-asparagus ayikhule kahle.

Lesi simo asiyingozi ku-asparagus, noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi esisodwa isifo sokuzivikela sitshala futhi kukhona ingozi yezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Amaqabunga ama-pale anqunywa ngokudlulisela isitshalo ohlangothini olusenyangeni nokudla. Ngakho-ke ukuthi esikhathini esizayo isitshalo se-asparagus ashicikile, zama ukunikeza isitshalo ukukhanya kwelanga phakathi nenkathi yokukhula okusheshayo nezimbali.

Uyazi? I-Chlorophyll, efaka amaqabunga ezitshalo eluhlaza futhi ihlanganyele ku-photosynthesis, iphinde isetshenziswe njenge-additi E140 yokudla.

Amabala emaqabunga

Uma amaqabunga esitshalo sakho ehlambulukile, akufanele ugijimele ngokushesha esitolo ukuze uthole izidakamizwa ezivela ezifweni noma ezinambuzane. Amabala okutshala ama-sunburns avamile ukuthi isitshalo singathola kusukela emini yemini yelanga.

Ukushisa kwama-leaf akujabulisi kakhulu kulesi sitshalo, njengoba kubangela ukulimala ezithombeni eziphethwe i-photosynthesis. Ngakho-ke, uma lesi sitshalo singasusiwe ngesikhathi esivela ilangeni elivuthayo, lingasuka.

Kubalulekile! Udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo sokuba khona kwezimbungulu ezincane noma ezinye izidalwa eziphilayo, ngoba ama-parasites amaningi angabangela izimpawu ezifanayo.

Ukushisa kunakekelwa kalula: udinga ukususa isitshalo izinsuku ezingu-1-2 emthunzini oyingxenye, ukwandise umswakama womoya, amanzi imbali (uma inhlabathi eyomile) futhi wengeze inani elincane lemifino eyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuze uqhubeke imbali ingazange ihlupheke ilanga, zama ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukuthi ungafaki i-asparagus elangeni kusukela ngo-11 kuya ku-3 ntambama ntambama.

Emaphethelweni amaqabunga aphendukile.

Emaphethelweni amaqabunga e-asparagus avuleka ensundu ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama nokukhanya okuningi. Kuvela ukuthi umzimba wesitshalo ekushiseni kuqhuma umswakama obuningi, futhi ngokuphindaphindiwe awugezi, ngoba izimpande zomile.

Uma ubona inkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, manzi isitshalo bese uyisusa elangeni, ngeke kube nemiphumela ye-asparagus.

Kufanele ngokushesha ususe isitshalo endaweni ye-penumbra bese uphuza amanzi. Futhi ukuphalaza ingxenye engaphansi ngeke kulimale. Uma igumbi lishisa kakhulu, khona-ke thumela i-asparagus endaweni epholile okungenani amahora ambalwa ukuze umswakama uhlale isikhathi eside esitshalweni. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingabangela izinambuzane, zihlole ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo.

Ukwehlisa isisu se-asparagus ekukhuleni

Ngezinye izikhathi ukunciphisa kunzima kakhulu ukubona, kepha uma imbali ingakhuli nhlobo, lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu. Uma i-asparagus ingakhuli kahle, kusho ukuthi ayikho i-nitrogen nensimbi, evezwa ngokuhambisana nezinye izinto ezibalulekile. Ukukhula okuphansi kungabonisa futhi ibhodlela elincane.

Eqinisweni, kungase kube nezizathu eziningi, hlola ngokucophelela sonke isitshalo. Uma uqaphela izimpande ezixoshwa emhlabathini, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukufakelwa kwe-asperagus okuphuthumayo. Inhlabathi eyomile kufanele iphuze futhi iqhume. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola ngaphakathi kweqabunga ne-basal entanyeni, ngoba kukhona lapho izinambuzane ezinganciphisa ukukhula ngokuvamile zihlasele.

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi i-asparagus ikhula kahle futhi ingalimazi, landela umbuso wokunisela nokukhanyisa, sebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi kabili ngenyanga bese ubeka imbali ngesikhathi esifanele.

Indlela yokubhekana ne-asparagus izinambuzane

I-Asparagus iyagula ngenxa yezilokazane ukuthi, ngisho nangaphakathi, ingasakaza imbali. Izimpawu ezingenhla zingabangela ama-microorganisms, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuwahlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi imbangela yesifo.

Isibungu se-spider

I-parasite encane kakhulu engabambeli ngokushesha iso. Kungaba nombala obomvu, u-orange noma ophuzi. Ngokuvamile isicabucabu se-spider sididekile ngendlela evamile ngenxa yokufana kwesakhiwo. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi isilwane sesicabucabu sigxilisa kuphela isitshalo futhi umuntu akakwazi ukulimaza.

Uyazi? Izigulane zihlala kuzo zonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica.

I-mite ingangena endlini noma indlu ngefasitela evulekile (enezimpuphu noma imimoya), kanye namathuluzi noma umhlaba.

Le nkathazo ithanda umoya omile nesimo sezulu esishisayo. Ukushisa kwomoya kuthinta ngqo izinga lokukhiqiza (ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-+30, ukulinda izibungu kuzinsuku ezimbili). Ukubonakala kwenkathazo kungenziwa kokubili ehlobo nasebusika (ukufudumala endlini kufaka umoya bese kudala izimo ezifanele).

Ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi isitshalo sithinteka yizinambuzane zesicabucabu?

I-web engaqondakali engabonakali izovela ku-asparagus (kulokhu, akufanele ukona ngesicabucabu segumbi, ngoba lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokulimala kwamantombazane). Amaqabunga akha amabala amancane aphuzi, abese ehlangene zibe eziningana ezinkulu.

Izimpawu ezifanayo zingabonwa ngokushisa kwelanga, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uhlasele izinambuzane, uhlole ngokucophelela isitshalo. I-spider mite, enganakiwe, izothatha zonke izakhi ezivela esitshalweni. Amahlamvu azophenduka aphuzi futhi isitshalo siyokoma.

I-Asparagus iyagula, igwetshiwe futhi idliwe ngenxa yomsebenzi womkhaza, yini okufanele uyenze? Kunzima ukuphatha lesi sitshalo ngekhemistri, njengoba izinambuzane ezisekhaya zingengozini kubantu nasezilwaneni ezifuywayo.

Zama izindlela zabantu:

  • Phatha lesi sitshalo ngesisombululo sensipho yasendlini. Khipha amaqabunga kancane bese uhluma nge-lather, uzama ukungena emhlabathini.
  • Ukumnika i-garlic. Ku-1 litre lamanzi, ama-20 g we-husks ama-husk athathwa futhi ahanjiswe amahora amahlanu. Okulandelayo, isixazululo sihlanzwa nge spray kuso sonke isitshalo.
Uma konke okuhlulekayo, kuzodingeka usebenzise amakhemikhali, njengoba umkhaza ungadlulela kwezinye izitshalo. I-fungicides ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ezivela ezinhlathini zesicabucabu "Fitoverm", "Karbofos" ne "Aktellik".

Ukuvinjelwa kwe-mite ukugcina umswakama ophezulu ekamelweni noma ukupuniza njalo kwe-asparagus (kodwa hhayi ukuchelela!).

Thrips

Izinambuzane ezincane ezinama-5 mm ubude nombala omnyama womzimba omncane. I-parasite isatshalaliswa kuwo wonke umhlaba futhi inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyizinkulungwane ezingu-6.

Le nkathazo ivela esitshalweni esibuthakathaka esingasetshenziswanga isikhathi eside, sigcinwe ekamelweni elibi, noma lingondliwe.

Izimpawu:

  • ukubonakala "kwamathrekhi" amhlophe emaqabunga;
  • amaqabunga aqhekekile emaqabunga;
  • amaqabunga aphelile noma izimbali;
  • ukuvinjelwa kwesiqu.
Uma lesi sifo sinamandla, khona-ke ku-asparagus ama-sprigs azoqala ukuma futhi abe namaqabunga. Ukuhamba kuyingozi ngoba kunciphisa igciwane lesitshalo ngezifo ezihlukahlukene futhi kuyasivimbela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni evamile. Uma abantu ababhubhisa izinambuzane befinyelela inani eliphakeme, bayomane nje "badle" isisu se-asparagus.

Ukuze ukwelashwa, kusetshenziswe ama-fungicides, okuwukuthi: "Vertimek", "Aktelik", "Confidor" no "Karbofos".

Kubalulekile! I-Asparagus iphendula kabi ngamakhemikhali, ngakho khetha ikhambi elibuthakathaka ukuze ungabhubhisi isitshalo.

I-Thrips ingaxoshwa ngamakhambi abantu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-broths ye-celandine, i-chilli ne-yarrow.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

  • sishaye isilimo se-asparagusi;
  • ukuhlola imbali yokuba khona kwezimpungushe zezilwane;
  • ukubeka izicupho eziphuzi eziphuzi eduze nesitshalo noma kuso.
Ngeke ukwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-thrips, noma kunjalo, ukuvimbela nokunakekelwa okufanele kuzonciphisa umonakalo ku-asparagus.

Aphid

Isibungu esincane esivela ku-order of hemiptera. I-Aphid ithinta cishe zonke izitshalo, hhayi ukudidaza nezimbali zasendlini.

I-Aphid ingalethwa ekhaya ngezimbali zezimbali noma isitshalo esisha esitolo esitolo. Futhi, izinambuzane zingakwazi ukuhamba emoyeni futhi zingene efulethini ngokusebenzisa iwindi evulekile. I-parasite igxila ku-asparagus futhi iqala ukuphuza ama-juice. Ngaphandle kokulimala okuqondile, i-aphid iphethe izifo eziyingozi zegciwane nezibhedlela zezitshalo.

Uma i-asparagus ibetha i-aphid, ngokushesha maduze amaqabunga ayo azoqala ukugoqa nokubola, izimbali - ukuze zome ngaphandle kokuqhakaza. Ukwehluleka kwemvelo kungabangela ukuphuma kweqabunga noma ukuma. Imikhiqizo yemfucuza yama-aphid ihlala ku-asparagus, okwenze kube nzima ngaye ukuphefumula. Imfucumfucu yama-aphid iheha izinhlobo ezahlukene zefungi ezizophazamisa nesitshalo.

I-Aphid iphathwa ngokubili ngezindlela zomuntu futhi ngosizo lwe-chemistry.

Ukuze ususe inkathazo, ungasebenzisa izifo ezilandelayo kanye nezinhlawulo ezilandelayo:

  • I-garlic noma ukukhipha i-anyanisi. I-1 litre yamanzi ithatha u-30 g wegalikhi kanye no-4 g wesepha, gcizelela amahora ayisishiyagalombili. Ngemuva kwalokho, isisu se-asparagus siphathwa izikhathi eziningana ngezinsuku ezingu-10-12.
  • Ukucubungula ngotshwala oluhlanzekile Gubha yonke ingxenye yomhlabathi we-asparagus.
  • Ukufafaza ukumnika kwamapropele ashisayo. Ku-1 ilitha lamanzi ubilise 100 g we-pods amasha cishe ihora. Ngemuva kwalokho, umhluzi uhlanjululwa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:10.
Amakhambi omphakathi awasebenzi njalo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqinisekisiwe ezifana ne-Fufanon, Karbofos, Fitoverm ne-Aktellik.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

  • ukunakekelwa okufanele;
  • ukuhlolwa njalo kwesitshalo;
  • ukukhulelwa;
  • fafaza kusuka kumfutho.

I-Redhead

I-parasite ingeyomndeni wezinambuzane ezinamaphiko. Ibukeka sengathi i-white louse noma uhlobo oluthile lwe-beetle (ubusika obomvu - obubizwa ngokuthi imbungu ebantwini), buba nobude obufinyelela ku-6 mm futhi bufana nesihlangu. Ama-parasites avela ku-asparagus ngenxa yokugcinwa okungalungile (ukushisa okuphansi, ukuchelela ngokweqile, ukubola okutshaliwe kwezitshalo). I-Worm ingabuye ifakwe endlini ngomswakama noma izitshalo ezingcolile.

Kungabonwa yi-patina emhlophe, efana noboya bekotini noma iqhwa elihle. Amaqabunga acatshangelwe aphenduka aphuzi futhi aguquke. Njenga-aphid, insimu enomunwe ishiya indwangu yayo esihlahleni, lapho i-fungus iqala khona.

Uyazi? Ezinye izinhlobo zezibungu zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-dyes nama-varnishes.

Le nkathazo iyingozi ngoba ithola isitshalo sesitshalo futhi iyanciphisa ukukhula kwayo. Amakholomu amakhulu kuphela kulezi zinambuzane angabangela ukuba i-asparagus iphele.

Ukwelapha isitshalo kulula. Ekuqaleni, imbali iphathwa ngamanzi asozini izikhathi eziningana ngezikhathi zamasonto onke. Uma isihlahla sonke sigcwele ama-parasites, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise amalungiselelo amakhemikhali: Aktara, Calypso, Mospilan, Konfidor.

Ukulwa nama-folm izindlela:

  • Utshwala ukumnika ngensipho. Ngama-litre amanzi athatha u-15 g wesipho lensimbi kanye no-10 ml we-alcool e-denatured. Sula isitshalo ngenhlanganisela.
  • Ukumnika kwi-garlic. Emgodini we-litre-litre wamanzi uthathe ama-clove ama-garlic angu-5. Amanzi abilisiwe futhi agcwele i-garlic echotshoziwe. Emva kwalesi sihlungi, hlaziya 1: 5 ngamanzi futhi usebenzise i-asparagus.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

  • Ungapheli ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi;
  • ukuqhuba ukuhlola okuphazamisayo okujwayelekile;
  • susa amaqabunga omile namahlumela ngesikhathi;
  • hlamba eshaweni bese ugeza amaqabunga.

Shchitovka

Inkathazo ingokomndeni we-hemiptera. Isihlangu sinokuphakama kufika ku-3 mm nombala omhlophe obomvu. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubukeka umoya ophelile nokushisa okuphezulu. Isihlangu singabuyiselwa ekhaya kwenye isitshalo noma isixha.

Izimpawu:

  • ukukhula okuncane okuncane ezindaweni zokunamathela kweqabunga kuya emahlumela;
  • ukuhlasela emithanjeni yamaqabunga;
  • ukuwa kweqabunga nokuphuza ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ungakhathaleli lezi zinambuzane ezincane kakhulu. I-Shchitovka ibangela ukulimala okukhulu kwisitshalo (ikoloni enkulu ingabhubhisa kalula ngisho nesihlahla esikhulu). Njengoba i-parasite idla isitshalo sesitshalo, ilimaza ubuqotho bamahlumela, isisu se-asparagus silahlekelwa izakhi futhi asikwazi ukuphefumula ngokuvamile. Emanxebeni athola elinye ukutheleleka okuletha "iqembu" lezinye izinkinga nezifo.

With isihlangu udinga ukulwa futhi ukubambezeleka akunakwenzeka. I-Asparagus ingelashwa ngezindlela ezimbili zomuntu nezinambuzane.

Kubalulekile! Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kakhulu amakhemikhali futhi kufanele sisetshenziswe njengendlela yokugcina!

Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezizokhipha masinyane isihlangu yi-Aktara, Mospilan, Confidor, ne-Golden Spark.

Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukucubungula i-flap omdala nge ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane, ngakho-ke okuwukuphela kokukhetha ukukhishwa kwamashini. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa ukotini ophawulwe yikhambi lezinambuzane. Ungakhohlwa ukuchelela ingxenye yomhlabathi ngamanzi. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yobudala obudala, lesi sifo senziwa.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo

Isifo ngasinye sibheka indawo esengozini yesitshalo, ngakho-ke ukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu ukunakekelwa okufanele. Yondla isilimo se-asparagus ngesikhathi, susa izingxenye ezomile futhi ezibolile, qapha izinga lokushisa kwamakamelo kanye nomswakama womoya. Inhlabathi encane encane - isiqinisekiso sempilo yezitshalo. Ungakhohlwa ngemidwebo kanye nezinguquko zokushisa okungazelelwe ukuthi i-asparagus ayithandi. Gcwalisa futhi uhlukanise imbali ngesikhathi sokuthi nje ungasheshi ukukhula kwe-asparagus, kodwa futhi uthole esinye isitshalo esincane.

Landela isimiso: "Ukunakekela okuphelele kungumuthi omuhle kakhulu."

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