Enye yezitshalo ezingahlobisa umbhede wakho wembali yi-heliotrope. Ukukhangisa kwalo kukhanyabeka, okungahlosiwe okungahambi kahle nge-vanilla iphunga. Isici esikhethekile se-heliotrope yikhono lokuguqula izinhloko zezimbali emva kokuhamba kwelanga. Ngakho igama lesitshalo, elisho ngesiGreki lisho "ukuguqula ilanga." Esihlokweni sethu sizokutshela indlela yokutshala nokukhula i-heliotrope embhede wakho wembali.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-heliotrope kusuka enzalweni
Ukutshala izithombo ze-heliotrope zingenziwa ngosizo lwembewu. Lesi sitshalo singokwesikhathi esingapheli, kodwa ezindaweni zethu sikhula njengonyaka. Ngokunakekelwa kahle kwe-heliotrope kungakujabulisa iminyaka eminingi. Ngobusika, kufanele kufakwe emakamelweni okushisa kwe-12-15 ° C.
Uma kuzaliswa i-heliotrope evela emhlanjeni, kunezinye izithiyo ezingenakwenzeka. Okokuqala, iqhuma kuphela ekwindla, futhi okwesibili, i-inflorescences incane.
Kubalulekile! Ezinye izinhlobo ze-heliotrope (N. europaeum, N. lasiocarpum) zinobuthi futhi zingabangela umonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
Umhlabathi: ukwakheka nokulungiselela ukutshala
I-heliotrope emhlabathini ovulekile ofuna umhlaba. Ukuze kukhule kahle ukutshala izitshalo, kufanele kube nomthelela odingekayo wezakhi. Kodwa ukusabalalisa isitshalo ngembewu, sebenzisa ingxube yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat noma imbali yomhlabathi esitolo.
Imbewu efanele ukuhlwanyela
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kuhle kakhulu ekupheleni kukaFebruwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Ukwenza lokhu, faka umhlabathi esitsheni bese ululaza kancane. Shanyisa imbewu ye-heliotrope ngokulinganayo phezu kwenhlabathi bese uyifafaza phezulu ngendlala ka 1-2 mm yenhlabathi.
Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ezinxenyeni ezincane noma ngokusebenzisa isipirisi. Ukusebenzisa ifilimu yepulasitiki, yakha umphumela we-greenhouse bese uyibeka endaweni efudumele ngokushisa kuka-18-20 ° C. Kubalulekile ukulinda ukuvela kwezithombo emva kwamasonto amathathu kuya kwamane emva kokuhlwanyela. Susa ifilimu bese ugcina isitshalo ekushiseni kwe-20-22 ° C efasiteleni. Izithombo zingathuthuka kahle ngokukhanya okukhulu.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Amahlumela adinga ukuchelela njalo nokukhanya okwanele. 
Ngesikhathi sokudonsa i-heliotrope? Ukukhipha isitshalo kwenziwa emibhoshini enobubanzi obuyi-9 cm ngokubonakala kwamaqabunga amabili, futhi ngemuva kwamasonto amabili ungondla isitshalo ngomanyolo wezithombo. Ukukhetha ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi efanayo njengokuhlwanyela.
Ngaphambi kokwakheka, kubalulekile ukuphuza isitshalo bese usebenzise i-scapula ukuze ufinyelele impande, ngenkathi igcina inhlabathi ezimpandeni ngangokunokwenzeka. Inqubo yesitshalo icindezela, ngakho amahlamvu angawa. Ngemuva kokukhethwa, kufanele iphuze futhi ihlanganiswe nefilimu isikhathi esithile kuze kube yilapho kuqothulwa khona.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Lesi sitshalo singatshalalwa emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho ubusika obusika bubusuku.
Isikhathi esihle sokufika
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo ze-heliotrope siqala ngoJuni.
Ukukhethwa kweSayithi nokulungiselelwa kwenhlabathi
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-heliotrope, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze ukhethe indawo enhle. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kungokwalabo abathandekayo nabathandekayo emhlabathini. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile, egcwele futhi egcwele. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo asizwa kahle ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo.
Kulungile okulungile
Ukutshala izithombo ezenziwe ngendlela yokushintshwa. Emgodini, kumele uqale ufake ama-humus, bese ubeka ngokucophelela isitshalo kanye ne-clock earthy bese uyimboza ngenhlabathi engadini. Ekugcineni siphuza amanzi.
Nakekela inqubo yokukhula
Abanye abalimi bangathola umbono wokuthi i-heliotrope ikhethe kakhulu. Lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Into esemqoka ukufeza zonke izinqubo zokunakekela ngokufanele nangesikhathi.
Ukunisela nokuphalaza
Lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimbali ziyakuthanda umswakama, ngakolunye uhlangothi - azibekezeli amanzi amaningi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi yayiphuziswa ngokulinganayo futhi igweme ukuba iphele. Ukuphalaza kuzokusiza ukuletha izimo eziseduze nasezindaweni ezishisayo futhi kuzosiza lesi sitshalo.
Ukunciphisa futhi kukhulula inhlabathi
Ukuze unakekele isitshalo asithathi isikhathi esiningi, kuyadingeka ukuba uxove inhlabathi ngomquba noma uhlasele. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, ukuvimbela ama-crusts emhlabathini, kuvame ukudingwa ukukhulula inhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxubha kunqanda ukuhluma kwekhula ugcine umswakama emhlabathini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nomanyolo womhlabathi
Ukutshala isitshalo kumele kwenziwe ngamaminerali omanyolo kanye namaviki amabili. Ikakhulukazi isidingo sokudla isikhathi ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali. Emva kokubonakala kwabo emhlabathini ovundile ukumisa ukudla.
Uyazi? Izitshalo ze-heliotrope ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo ezifanayo zihluka ngokuqina kwesinambitheka. I-heliotropin (piperonal) isisindo sinika iphunga emakhaleni we-heliotrope. I-Piperonal itholakala nezimbali ze-lilac ne-vanilla pods.
Izinzuzo zokufaka i-heliotrope
Ukuze i-heliotrope ibonakale ehlathini elihle elinama-inflorescences amaningi, kuyadingeka ukuyiqeda. Inqubo yokukhipha iphuzu eliphezulu lokukhula ivumela ukukhuthazwa kokukhula kwamahlumela asetshenziswayo. Ama-heliotropes angena amaqabunga angama-5-6, lapho isithombo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwe-10 cm. Emva kwalokho, izithombo zizophuza ekukhuleni isonto, akuyona into esabekayo. Kodwa kamuva ngeke likhule njengoba liphezulu.
Uyazi? Iminyaka engama-40 i-heliotrope ikhulile ensimini yeCzech Republic eBohemia (Kopilno). Ukuphakama kwalo kufike emamitha amane.
Ukuqoqa nini futhi kanjani ukuqoqa imbewu
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi imbewu ye-heliotrope ivuthwe isikhathi eside, ngakho ungasheshi ukusika ama-inflorescences ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchichima. Lapho ukuqoqa imbewu, isimo esibalulekile sokuhluma kwazo ukukhula okugcwele, okwenzeki kuzo zonke izindawo zezulu. Ngakho-ke, uma ungaqiniseki ngokuvuthwa kwembewu, kungcono ukuzithenga esitolo sembali.
Ekuvuthweni okugcwele kwembewu kungabonisa i-inflorescences emnyama. Kubalulekile ukuwasika futhi ebhokisini elenziwe endaweni yezimbali, ubheke imbewu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhokisi kufanele abe mnyama. Imbewu eyomile ubukhulu bembewu ye-poppy. Ngokuvamile ebhokisini ngalinye kunezingu-4 zazo. Izinto zembewu kufanele zome futhi zigcinwe esikhwameni sephepha kuze kufike entwasahlobo. 
Indlela yokusakazwa nge-cuttings
Ukuze asakaze i-heliotrope esebenzisa i-cuttings, ama-queen queen ayadingeka. Zigcinwa ebusika ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Izitshalo ezingapheli zilungele kangcono amangqamuzana amakhosikazi, njengoba zihlala ziqhamuka kahle futhi zikhiqiza ama-cuttings amaningi entwasahlobo. Inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kufanele yenziwe kusukela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuya kuMeyi.
Cuttings kufanele babe 3-4 internodes. Ukuze unciphise ukulahleka komswakama, amaqabunga e-cuttings aqoshiwe, futhi isisekelo siphathwa ngokugqugquzela ukukhula kwezimpande. Faka emabhokisini ngenhlabathi equkethe ama-humus nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso se-2: 1. Izimila ezihlwanyelwe zifafazwe ngendwangu yesanti kuze kube yi-1.5 cm ngenhla futhi zanisela ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Ukusebenzisa ifilimu ye-polyethylene, yakha umphumela wokushisa obumnyama futhi ugcine izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-22-25 ° C.
Ukuphuza nokuphuza izithelo kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Kubalulekile ukulinda ukubukeka kwezimpande ezinsukwini ezingu-15-20. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, ama-cuttings ahlezi ezimbizeni ze-peat. I-substrate kufanele ibe nempilo enomsoco futhi iqukethe i-peat, umhlaba we-sod nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso se-4: 2: 1.
Kumele futhi wengeze umanyolo wamaminerali. Phakathi nesonto lokuqala, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibe pritenyat futhi sifakwe ngamanzi izikhathi 2-3 ngosuku. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sihambe kabanzi, kufanele usipake izikhathi eziningana. Uma utshala ama-cuttings emhlabathini ovulekile, qiniseka ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo lingenani eliyi-15-20 cm.
I-Heliotrope ku-design landscape
Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuklanyeleni kwezwe. Izimbali ezikhanyayo kusukela ngoJuni kuya ekwindla amaqhwa zingahlobisa umbhede ngamunye wembali. Lesi sitshalo sivame ukusetshenziswa njengesigubhu, semingcele, yokuhlobisa ama-balconi, ekudaleni izingoma ezihlukahlukene.
I-heliotrope ihlangene nobani? Ikwazi ukuhlala ngokugcwele no-salvia, begonias, i-pelargoniums, i-petunias, i-coreopsis, i-rudbeckia, i-coleus, njll. I-heliotrope iveza ngokucacile ngokumelene nohlaza oluhlaza. Uma isitshalo sikhiwa njengoba sikhula, khona-ke singanikezwa ifomu le-shrub noma le-shtambovoy. 
Izinambuzane, izifo nendlela yokubhekana nazo
Izinambuzane zezitshalo zihlanganisa izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid nama-whiteflies. Uma amabala amnyama avela emaqabunga asitshalo, okuholela ekusomeni kwamahlumela amancane nokuwa kwamahlamvu esitshalo, khona-ke kuthinteka umkhaza. Ukuba khona ngaphansi kwamaqabunga amancane amachashazi amancane ahlaza, amnyama noma amhlophe kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-aphid noma i-whitefly. Ukulawula izinambuzane usebenzisa ukwelashwa kwezitshalo nezinambuzane.
Kubalulekile! Ukufinyelela ukuphumelela okukhulu kwezinambuzane, kubalulekile ukwengeza insipho ye-liquid noma yokuhlanza. Ngakho-ke, ikhambi kungcono ukunamathela emaqabeni asitshalo.
Izifo ezithinta i-heliotrope zihlanganisa isikhunta esiphezulu. Kusukela kulesi sifo kuzosindisa ukwelashwa kwezitshalo nge-fungicide.
I-heliotrope nomlingo
I-Heliotrope yayisetshenziswa kakhulu eNkathini Ephakathi ngezinkonzo zemilingo futhi yayingenye yezitshalo eziyi-12 zemilingo ye-Order Rosenkreutzers. Kukholelwa ukuthi isitshalo esihlangene ngenyanga egcwele unamandla amakhulu emilingo. Wawusebenzisa ukuvikela indlu kumasela, kumkhuba wokuxosha amandla amabi endlini, ukupela ubuciko. Abathakathi basebenzisa izakhiwo zomlingo we-heliotrope njengendlela yokubanika ithuba lokuhamba. 
Imilingo ngempela iyiphunga lesitshalo, esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakha. Ngokuvamile inqwaba ye-heliotrope ibhekwa njengesibonakaliso sobuqotho nemvume. Ngakho-ke, ukuvumelanisa ubudlelwane, kutuswa ukuba uyitshale embhede wombala. Uma ukhathele ukudideka nokungaqondi, mhlawumbe i-heliotrope izosiza ngalokhu.
